...INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTR Y Submitted by, AHSAN JAVED ROLL NO. BM-A-20 POST GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Submitted to, DR. SHAMSHER YMCA BUSINESS SCHOOL PRICING AND DOCUMENTATION INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY ACKNWOLEDGEMENT “FOR EVERY OPPORTUNITY MAY GOD BE THANKED” I am very thankful to our teacher Dr. Shamsher for his great assistance of the to make the successful his able accomplishment learnt a lot. I am also thankful to my friends and colleagues for their support and endurance while preparing this project. I would like to thank all the people who have directly or indirectly helped me in completing this project, as and when I required. project. Through guidance and knowledge-based interactions, we have 2 INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY AHSAN JAVED PREFACE The project Indian Leather Industry has been carried out with a view point of understanding the role of Leather Industry in the Indian Trade and Indian economy. As per the objective of the project, I have tried to explain, analyze and interpret the role of Leather sector in Indian as well as in international trade. 3 INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTE R TOPIC Acknowledgement Preface Executive Summary Objectives Of The Study PAGE NO. 02 03 08 10 1. INTRODUCTION TO LEATHER INDUSTRY: An Overview History Of Leather World Scenario Environmental Products Aspects for Leather 11 12 14 17 2. THE INDIAN LEATHER INDUSTRY: ...
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...in the Tanning sector industry CLEANER within the mediterranean region production Regional Activity Centre for Cleaner Production (RAC/CP) Mediterranean Action Plan Ministry of the Environment Spain Autonomous Government of Catalonia Ministry of the Environment Centre for Cleaner Production Initiatives Pollution Prevention Opportunities in the Tanning Sector Industry within the Mediterranean Region Note: This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form of educational and non-profit purposes without special permission from the Regional Activity Centre for Cleaner Production (RAC/CP), provided acknowledgement of the source is made. RAC/CP would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this material as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purposes whatsoever without prior permission in writing from RAC/CP. If you consider that some part of this study could be improved or there is any lack of precision, we would appreciate if you could notify it to us. Study finished on January 2000 Study published on October 2000 Additional copies or information could be requested to: Regional Activity Centre for Cleaner Production (RAC/CP) C/ París, 184 – 3ª planta 08036 Barcelona (Spain) Tf. (+34) 93 415 11 12 - Fax (+34) 93 237 02 86 e-mail: cleanpro@cema-sa.org Web page: http://www.cema-sa.org Page 1 of 162 Pollution Prevention Opportunities in the Tanning Sector Industry...
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...Volume 97 Page 25 Bangladeshi Leather Industry: An Overview of Recent Sustainable Developments H. L. PAUL1, A. P. M. ANTUNES1, A. D. COVINGTON1, P. EVANS1 and P. S. PHILLIPS2 Institute for Creative Leather Technologies, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Boughton Green Road, Northampton, NN2 7AL, U.K. 2 Environmental and Materials Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Avenue Campus, Northampton, NN2 6JD, U.K. Abstract The Government of Bangladesh has indentified the leather sector as one with considerable growth and investment potential ranked fifth in the export earning sector. Currently Bangladesh produces and exports quality bovine and ovine, caprine (buffalo and cow; sheep and goat) leathers that have a good international reputation for fine textured skins. However, the entire leather sector meets only 0.5% of the world’s leather trade worth US$75 billion. There are about 113 tanneries in Bangladesh that produce 180 million square feet of hides and skins per year. In addition there are about 30 modern shoe manufacturing plants engaged in the production of high-quality footwear, with over 2500 smaller footwear manufacturers also present in the sector. There are around 100 small-to-medium leather goods manufacturers, and a small number of niche larger manufacturers. The sector directly employs approximately 558 000 people. Most of the tanneries do not have proper effluent plants and generate 20 000m3 tannery effluent...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh has a very limited stock of known mineral resources (only natural gas is being extracted commercially), and the economy is heavily dependent on small-scale agriculture. Agriculture accounts for about 40 per cent of Bangladesh's GDP and about 60 per cent of employment. Landless small farmers and as well as urban informal groups constitute 50 per cent of Bangladesh's population. Fifty three per cent of rural population are virtually landless and the result of that a very large percentage of urban population live in slums. For example 30 per cent of the population (about 2 million) in Dhaka live in more than 1500 slums and squatter settlements, where density of settlements is over 6178 persons per hectare and per capita living space available is lower than one square meter. The structural conditions of the shelters are one of the worst in the world. The settlements live without open space, streets, water, gas and electricity, water, sanitation and sewerage facilities. Since these settlements are illegal the Government or International Aid Agencies have hardly any project to improve living quality of the poorest population of the country. Like many other cities of the developing countries the population of Dhaka city increased by almost 200 per cent in seven years (1974-81) due to the increasing developments of landless peasants. The present economic development increasingly widens the gap between the poor and the rich. The limited agricultural land...
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...[pic] Department of Accounting Term Paper On A study on the “Impact of Leather Technology of Bangladesh” Supervised by Ganesh Chandra Dey Lecturer Department of Accounting Govt. Asheq Mahmud College, Jamalpur Submitted By A.M. Ahsanur Rahman Tonmoy College Roll: 94 Reg No: 2119731 Roll No: 8101622 Session: 2011-12 Student Type: Regular Department of Accounting Govt. Asheq Mahmud College, Jamalpur Submission Date: July 8, 2015 Letter of Transmittal July 8, 2015 Ganesh Chandra Dey, Lecturer, Department of Accounting, Govt. Asheq Mahmud College, Jamalpur Dear Sir, It is an enormous pleasure to submit my term paper titled “A study on the Impact of Leather Technology of Bangladesh” assigned as a requirement of my course related. In preparing this assignment I have acquired much knowledge about Leather Technology. I have tried my best to furnish the assignment with relevant data, which I had to collect from online and related journal. I hope this assignment will help the leather Technology sector to gather some insights on the windows to do further studies in this aspect. I would like to convey my tributes to you and thank you for giving me the opportunity to work on this topic. Your queries in this aspect will highly be expected. Thank You Sincerely Yours A.M. Ahsanur Rahman Tonmoy College Roll: 94 Reg No: 2119731 Roll No: 8101622 Session: 2011-12 Student Type: Regular Department of Accounting ...
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...Derek Mitchell Ecco Supply Chain & Operations Analysis Policy & Strategy Atlanta Module-Summer 2012 ECCO Vertical Integration Cow to Shoe • • • • Ecco value chain is actually rawhide to shoe Purchases raw hides and transforms into leather used in shoe production Owns tanneries in Netherlands, Indonesia and Thailand Processes 3,500 raw hides a day equalling 1 million cows per year ECCO Value Chain What is the future of ECCO's leather manufacturing? Full Scale Bench marking Prototype Ramp-up Laboratory Production Product Development (R&D) Design Leather Manufacturing Shoe Production Distributing Raw hides Tannery Operations Post Tannery Operations Finishing Operations Discontinue-"blow it up" Sell it ECCO Value Chain What is the future of ECCO's leather manufacturing? Full Scale Bench marking Prototype Ramp-up Laboratory Production Raw Material Procurement Product Development (R&D) Design Shoe Production Distributing But let's stop to reconsider......... ECCO Value Chain What is the future of ECCO's leather manufacturing? Full Scale Bench marking Prototype Ramp-up Laboratory Production Raw Material Procurement Product Development (R&D) Design Shoe Production Distributing Leather manufacturing Value Add Global top five leather producer Leather centre developing leading technology Supplies automotive and furniture industry Quality Materials Resources Leather...
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...At Total Fitness Transformation we want to help you achieve your goals! With our highly trained staff, and state of the art equipment there’s no reason why Total Fitness Transformation shouldn’t be the gym for you! We offer group training, individual lessons, tanning packages, and we host our very own nutrition stand to give you the boost you need! At Total Fitness Transformation we want to help you achieve your goals! With our highly trained staff, and state of the art equipment there’s no reason why Total Fitness Transformation shouldn’t be the gym for you! We offer group training, individual lessons, tanning packages, and we host our very own nutrition stand to give you the boost you need! Total Fitness Transformation Total Fitness Transformation 72 School Street Milford MA, 01757 Contact us at TFTGym@gmail.com Or call us! 555-722-7482 72 School Street Milford MA, 01757 Contact us at TFTGym@gmail.com Or call us! 555-722-7482 Total Fitness Transformation Total Fitness Transformation We want you to feel comfortable here at Total Fitness Transformation, and whether it is our professional staff, our wide variety of products, or the friendly atmosphere we have here, we want you to know just how important you are to us! Our team is the best at what they do, and they want to help you design the perfect workout plan for you! No matter what your goals or aspirations are I know we have something for you. We want you to feel comfortable...
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...average of 300 dollars per year to tan in indoor tanning beds. This equates to a total U.S. market for tanning of over 9 billion dollars per year, not including the 3 billion dollar tanning products market (Karim, 2007). What some Americans seem to be obsessed with regarding obtaining the perfect skin color is actually unhealthy and potentially dangerous. Indoor tanning causes many skin problems that may worsen over time. It is an unhealthy habit that many people of various ages have. Artificial tanning poses a risk because it causes significant damage to one’s health. Although tanning can be dangerous scientists have discovered that limiting indoor tanning to 20 half hour sessions per year will keep the risks within an acceptable limit. It has been indicated that children under 16 should not expose themselves to tanning beds. Even though there are safe ways to tan indoors, evidence is accumulating that the use of tanning beds may have adverse effects on the skin. There are two types of UV rays: ultraviolet A rays and ultraviolet B rays. The risks of UVB rays are well established, however the UVA rays used in tanning beds may cause a variety of skin problems as well...
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...History of Sunscreen: In ancient times the only way to protect yourself from the sun was to wear clothing that covered most of your body and large hats. Ancient people would use plant extracts and oils that they thought would help protect their skin from the sun. It was considered of high class to have pale skin and therefore people of high stature would use white powder (arsenic salts) to help produce a whiter looking appearance. The modern development of sunscreen was produced by Eugene Schueller in 1935. He produced a sunscreen using benzyl salicylate as a UVR absorber. Schueller was the founder of a company known today to be L’Oreal and was great at advertising. After WWII he marketed a “tanned body” as a healthy body and used tanned women in bikinis to promote his product. In 1962 there were two major advances in sunscreen materials and sunscreen testing. First benzophenone was introduced as a ingredient and its purpose was to absorb UVA rays. In the tests mouse skin was significantly protected from the UVA rays using this material. In the matter of testing the effectiveness of sunscreen Wiskemann and Heissen introduced the use of a water-cooled xenon high-pressure arc for the skin testing. There is increasing evidence the UVA radiation can cause chronic skin damage in healthy people who are exposed to the sun. Therefore the search for a UVA absorbing agent has been the research of that is of greatest concern. The need for protection against sun damage of skin and...
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.... BTEC Double Business - staring a small Business Unit 36 By Greta Maneikaite (centre number 27102) Content page P1 Present the initial business idea using relevant criteria P2 Explain how to identify the target market P3 Describe the skills needed to run the business successfully and what areas require further personal development P4 Describe the legal and financial aspects that will affect the start-up of the business P5 Produce a proposal containing the essential information for the start-up of a business. M1 Explain methods used to identify the target market for the proposed business M2 Analyse the personal development needed to run the business successfully M3 Assess the implications of the legal and financial aspects that will affect the start-up of the business. D1 Present a comprehensive business proposal that addresses all relevant aspects of business start-up. Unit 36 – Setting up a Small Business P1 Present the initial business idea using relevant criteria Introduction to my business: Golden tanning Salon will open in my local town Corby within Northamptonshire. The reason for opening a tanning salon is because there aren’t many tanning salons within the Corby area. Today’s world trend is for people to look fit and have a natural tan complexion especially in a country like this where we don’t get a lot of sun to develop a tan. I am going to be introducing my business plan which I am intending to set up. In order for me to develop my business...
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...golden tan all year round you're going to need to find the right tanning bed and the right lotion. So how do you know which indoor tanning lotion is right for you? Here are some of the best products available on the market. 1. Australian Gold This has a full range of SPF protections from 8 to 30. But for the serious sun worshipper Australian Gold also offers a full line of products with no sunscreen protection and extra botanicals to increase your tan. These products are not designed for anyone that burns eaasily or if you are just starting to tan so care should be taken when choosing a lotion. They also have a full line of accelerators that can take you from snow white...
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...for hours is to lay in a tanning bed. As this trend continues to rise, medical researchers are beginning to pay close attention to the health effects of indoor tanning. Many recent medical studies and cases, researchers have linked the use of tanning beds to many health problems. Even with all of the negative effects that the use of indoor tanning can have there are still tanning companies that try to boast the positive effects. Despite the fact that tanning beds are harmful to the health of its victims, the use of tanning beds is on the upsurge and growing. In order for tanning companies to make a profit off the industry, they try to create a market for their product. They do this by marketing the positive effects that tanning beds can have. “Tanning is not just for the young. Because UV rays are essential for the body to produce vitamin D, mature adults at risk for osteoporosis can gain health benefits from moderate tanning. Vitamin D is essential for absorbing calcium to prevent...
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...research efforts- potential future develoments are being researched Because the overall incidence of skin cancer rates continue to increase, scientist continue to look for potential future developments for the risk management of cancer related to tanning and sunbathing. Researchers are currently looking for ways to decrease skin cancer rates and discover new prevention methods. Such areas include drugs, genetics, melanoma treatments, and potential vaccines.13, 14 Current research suggest that exposure to ultraviolet radiation as a young age are more likely to develop malignant melanoma.16 Based on the analysis of much data, individuals exposed to ultraviolet radiation at a young age are more likely to develop skin cancer.16 The...
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...1-888-PALM-TAN kristen.isbell@palmbeachtan.com Macroenvironment: * Economic- Tanning is very seasonal with only around 30% of dedicated year round tanners; Inflation affects our business because rising prices causes disposable income to lose a lot of purchasing power * Social- Tanning is a type of component lifestyle because people choose this service to satisfy their diverse needs and interests * Technological- Tanning has evolved from laying outdoors to quick and affordable alternative sun tanning beds or immediate spray tans * Political-Legal- Companies must fully disclose the risks of using a tanning bed; In Texas you must be 18 years or older Competitive Analysis: * In the tanning industry there is no single player that sets the standard or prices * Some of our competitors include Hero’s Fitness, Coconut Beach, and Katatonik Tans * Hero’s Fitness: located a couple of doors down from our Midland location is a popular gym that also offers tanning beds; this option is included in the membership fees but is not their primary business focus * Coconut Beach: Our biggest competitor has more beds than we do but on average our package pricing is the same and our beds are very similar; offers 20% off on lotions the 1st day; both open 7 days a week but their hours are not as long as ours * Katatonik Tans: A more basic tanning salon that is a little bit cheaper with not as many options; offers a single tan for...
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...10% of America’s population uses indoor tanning services regularly; furthermore, over the last 5 years, this number has remained consistent. Currently men make up about 30% of tanning clients; compared to the mid-90s when tanners were predominantly college-age women. In today’s market, men over 40, who also tend to use facilities more often than women, are one of the fastest growing indoor tanner segments. (Salomone, 2009) Additionally, in the 1990s the average age of the indoor tanner was under 25; but in 2007, 70% of all indoor tanners are over age 25. Today’s average tanner is between 32 years of age and 36, depending on the market area. As stated, according to a State of the Industry Report, the U.S. indoor tanning market is a $5 billion industry than continues to provide golden tans to nearly 30 million Americans annually. (Salomone, 2009) Company: In addition to the 25,000 regular salons across the United States, another 20,000 facilities such as video stores, beauty salons, spas, and health clubs have one-to-two tanning units available. The highest numbers of tanning salons per capita are in the Midwest and Southeast. The highest numbers of salons are located in Illinois, Florida, North Carolina, Ohio, Michigan, South Carolina, and Indiana. So having a tanning salon in Buffalo, NY will bring customers to this company. Tanning salons typically offer at least 10 rooms with 3-to-5 levels of tanning and a sunless unit. Tanning facilities often offer additional services...
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