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BAB VIII
SAUCE DASAR

Sauce adalah hidangan cair yang berasa gurih, manis, atau asam yang dibuat dengan atau tanpa proses pemasakan dan disertakan dengan suaru sajian dalam keadaan panas atau dingin. Fungsi sauce adalah sebagai pelengkap suatu sajian, selain itu juga berfungsi sebagai pemberi variasi rasa pada masakan, mempertinggi cita rasa dan penampilan.
Komposisi Sauce
Bahan makanan sauce dikelompokkan menjadi :
Bahan cair : kaldu (daging, ayam, ikan, sayuran), susu, mentega cair, sari buah
Bahan perasa : gula, lada, pala, kecap, anggur, cuka, air jeruk nipis, paprika, bawang putih, bawang bombay
Bahan pengental : tepung, pati, telur.
Penggolongan sauce atas bahan dasarnya. Dari penggolongan ini akan menghasilkan jenis-jenis sauce : A. BUTTER SAUCE bahan dasar mentega. Dibedakan menjadi 2 jenis : 1. Melted Sauce : dibuat dengan cara melelehkan mentega, dan ditambahakan cairan dan bumbu. (Hollandaise mentega + air + kuning telur, Bernaise mentega + air + wine ) 2. Creamed Sauce : sauce yang dibuat dengan cara mengocok mentega sampai tegar. Contoh Maitre d’hotel B. OIL SAUCE bahan dasar minyak. Digolongkan menjadi 2 macam : 1. Emulsified Sauce : sauce yang diperoleh dari proses emulsifikasi yang dilakukan dengan 2 cara yaitu : * Blending Method teknik mencampur bahan-bahan dengan cara diaduk dengan tangan/blender contoh : mayonaise * Whisking Method teknik mengocok bahan-bahan pembuat sauce secara bersamaan dalam wadah tertutup contoh : vinaigrette 2. Dripped Sauce : sauce yang diperoleh dari tetesan sari cairan (juices) yang keluar dari daging ketika dipanggang (roasted/grilled) lalu ditambahkan dengan cairan dan dierbus lalu dikentalkan dengan pati C. STOCK SAUCE bahan dasar kaldu dengan proses perebudan dan pengentalan. Ada 2 warna kaldu yang digunakan : 1. White Stock : dibuat dari kaldu putih tanpa melalui proses pencoklatan. Bahan dasar pembuatan kaldunya : * Allemande Sauce berasal dari anak sapi muda (veal) kemudian dikentalkan dengan fresh cream dan kuning telur. * Supreme Sauce kaldu ayam yang dikentalkan dengan fresh cream * White Wine Sauce kaldu ikan yang dikentalkan dengan fresh cream dan kuning telur serta white wine. 2. Brown Stock : dibuat dari kaldu yang melalui proses pencoklatan. Contoh : Demiglace D. MILK SAUCE jenis white stock yang menggunakan bahan cair susu dan roux sebagai bahan pengentalnya. Contoh : Bechamel. E. FRUIT SAUCE bahan dasar semua jenis buah yang berdaging dan berair banyak. Berdasarkan teknik pembuatannya dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu : 1. Fruit Puree Sauce : menghaluskan daging buah kemudian dierbus dan diberi perasa dan aroma contoh : sauce nanas, sauce tomat. 2. Fruit Juice Sauce : hasil perasan pertama (juices) dari buah yan gkemudian dikentalkan dengan pati dan ditambah perasa & aroma. Contoh L sauce jeruk sunkist.
Penggolongan Sauce berdasarkan temperatur :

Cold Sauce Mayonaise, Calipso, Tartar, Vinaigrette, Horseradish
Sauce
Hot Sauce Brown Sauce Mornay, Madeira, Bigarade, Diable White Sauce Allemande, Supreme, Normandy
Kriteria Sauce : * Rasa harus dominan * Konsistentidak kental dan tidak cair (bila dituang tidak putus-putus) * Tekstur halus dan nampak mengkilat * Tidak terdapat selaput tipis pada permukaannya
Hal – hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam proses pembuatannya : 1. Menggunakan panci sauce dari bahan logam yang dilapisi bahan lain seperti stainless steel dan yang bagian dasarnya tebal 2. Menggunakan api kecil untuk menghindari kegosongan 3. Mengaduk sauce secara rutin 4. Menggunakan proses au bain marie agar teremulsi untuk baha padat/menggumpal 5. Saring sauce dengan kain muslin agar lebih meyakinkan dan benar-benar halus 6. Perbaiki daya kekentalannya di akhr proses pemasakan 7. Mengaduk-aduk sauce setelah matang untuk mencegah timbulnya selaput tipis pada permukaan. 8. Simpan dengan proses au bain marie untuk menjada temperatur sauce agar teteap hangat pada saat disajikan
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