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Teaching Statistics and Probability Is Great for Promoting Problem Solving and Critical Thinking

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Teaching Statistics and Probability is great for promoting problem solving and critical thinking, enhancing communication, developing number sense, and applying computation. As it applies to every day situations and appeals to our sense of fairness, it is very close in nature to inquiry based learning. Children encounter ideas of statistics and probability outside of school every day. The data students see are often represented graphically, statistically, or probabilistically. Weather reports are just one example of probability data we hear on the news.
Begin teaching probability by formulating questions. “How many children in this class prefer to eat apples?” Children are familiar with line plots, which they learned earlier, review and build on that knowledge. Next step in teaching probability is to teach to collect data: observations, survey and questionnaires, experiments, interviews, simulations, poles, examining records, and searching info sources. It is important to teach kids to use appropriate methods of collecting data.
Next step is to analyze data, represent it graphically. Representing data is done in a concrete way first (laying objects on the graph), and moving towards pictorial representation (drawing a chart with pictures of items being compared), and then symbolic (line plot, pie chart). Help students understand graphic representations by asking questions about the chart. Different ways to represent graphically: line plots, stem and leaf plots, box plots, picture graphs, bar graphs and histograms (for continuous data), pie graphs, and line graphs. Descriptive statistics are another way to analyze data. An example of descriptive statistics: “Most children in the fifth grade are 10 years old”. Statistical measures of central tendency, or averages supports the development of data sense. Finding average is a very easy concept to understand and build

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