DEGREE NAME: BSC IN COMPUTING
MODULE TITLE:
TITLE OF REPORT: CAR RENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
STUDENT NAME: LEANO KEBOITSI
BOTHO STUDENT ID: SGB11000928
TU STUDENT ID: 0412800
SUPERVISOR: SUBITHA SIVAKUMAR
SECOND READER: MR SIVAKUMAR
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 20 OCTOBER 2015

ABSTRACT Fenam car rental management system is being developed in order for clients to book cars from the car rental company from anywhere in the world. This particular system will obtain data from the client by means of completing an online registration form with their personal information. By registering the web site the customer will have the ability to book any car of their liking from the Fenam car rental website. The fenam car rental management system will entirely be incorporated on online systems. It computerizes the manual process by being very efficient and successful. The computerized system makes it possible for clients to provide full information on what kind of car they want to rent. It consists of the kind of car they would like to hire as well as the location. The main aim of the fenam car rental management system is to create a web site for all people so they can book cars for rent together with their individual necessities from anywhere.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to direct my deepest gratitude to my university lecturer Mrs. Iyer for presenting me with the opportunity to carry out this enlightening and interesting project, she was completely patient and encouraging. I would also like to give thanks to my classmates who inspired and supported me when I had challenges in understanding certain things while doing my research. Last but not least I give thanks to God for he is always and forever my pillar of strength.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
Car rental management system is the original system designed specifically for the computerization of the rental operations and return. One gain real clarity of their vehicle inventory time, a lot location tracking, and flexible query tools currently put a car on the spot, automatic capture of accurate fuel mileage level as well as in all the car out and return. This will benefit program rental car companies by increasing fuel revenues and reducing fuel costs by tracking and more precise fuel and mileage information. It will increase the visibility of the open slot online flexed, and resources continue to close those faster slot so as to maximize the availability of cars and rental income. The checkout and return process is done automatically by an electronic rental contract.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Advances in information technology and internet penetration have been greatly enhanced range of business processes and communication between the companies (service providers) and their customers do not miss out on the car rental industry. E-Car Rental System is designed to provide the following services: * To be able to use Internet technology to project to the world of global companies rent instead of limiting their services to their local domain only, thereby increasing their return on investment (ROI). * Online booking of vehicles: a tool where customers can book cars are available online prior to the date of their acquisition or future expectations. * Customer registration: registration portal to hold customer details, monitor their transactions and the name used to offer a better and improved services to them. * Group bookings: This allows customers to book a room for the group in case of marriage or corporate meetings. * Data centralization that has overcome the problem of sharing in the previous system. * As the data is maintained electronically, is easy for someone to update the details, which have been overcome in the previous update boring. * Easy maintenance and good performance. * Mainly transport system has been automated process.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
Rental car is a vehicle that can be used temporarily for a fee within the prescribed period. Getting a rental car helps people get around despite the fact that they do not have access to their own personal vehicle or vehicle does not have at all. Individuals who need a car must contact the car rental company and contract out to the vehicle. The system improves customer retention and facilitates vehicle and personnel management.
OBJECTIVES
* To produce a web-based system that allow customer to register and reserve car onlineand for the company to effectively manage their car rental business. * To ease customer’s task whenever they need to rent a car

SCOPE
This project transverses many areas ranging from business concept to the field of computing, and requires the performance of several researchers were able to achieve the project objectives. Covering an area including: * Car rental industry, including studies on how the car rental business is being done, the process involved and the opportunities for improvement. * PHP technologies used for application development * General customers and employees of the company will be able to use the system effectively * Web-platform means that the system will be available for access 24/7 except when there is a temporary server issue that is expected to be minimal.

4.2) Hardware Requirements * P4 2.8GB processor and above. * Ram 512 MB and above. * HDD 20 GB Hard Disk and above. 4.3) Software Requirements * Microsoft .Net framework 2.0 * Microsoft ASP.Net, HTML * AJAX Tool kit. * Microsoft C#.Net language * Microsoft SqlServer 2000 and above.

ETHICAL CONSIDERATION * Psychological harm: The system to be developed will not show any nudity in advertising may end up offending the customer. The system will only advertise cars on offer was not anything that could cause harm to them. * Finance dangers: the system will not show any financial harm to anyone using the system it is recommended that the best system to use in the restaurant. * Social dangers: an online auction system is a web-based system by which they will be no need to know about the social life of those who as it may cause harm to some people when exposed. * In addition, the system to be developed will be written in English and it will be easy to understand. The system does not require customers to familiarize themselves with the use of computers because they will be trained workers that will help customers every time they use the car rental management system. In addition, the system will not use colors that can irritate users, and it will have a link that will allow and from it. METHODOLOGY The software development life cycle models are the numerous procedures that can be chosen in order to develop a project depending on its objectives. There are a number of software development life cycle models and they were all designed to accomplish various necessary goals. These models stipulate a number of phases of a particular process and their arrangement. The process of choosing a model significantly influences the testing that will take place. The model I selected for the Fenam Car Rental Management System is the spiral model. The chosen software development life cycle model which is the spiral model more so the same as the incremental model, but it places more importance on risk analysis. The spiral model consists of four stages namely: Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering as well as Evaluation. The phases of the Spiral model are explained below: Planning Phase: This is where the conditions are collected. These requirements consist of the Business Requirement Specifications as well as the System Requirement Specifications. Risk Analysis: in this phase identification of risk and varying solutions are done. A sample is created when the risk analysis stage is finished. If there is a danger during this stage then a substitute resolution is proposed and applied. Engineering Phase: At this stage, the program has developed, along with a test at the end of the stage. And therefore at this stage is to develop and test. Evaluation Phase: This stage allows customers to assess project outcomes so far before the project will continue for the next spiral. DIAGRAM OF SPIRAL MODEL

Advantages of Spiral Model * High levels of risk analysis therefore are reinforced to avoid risks. * Excellent for large mission-critical projects. * Durable approval and control of documents. * You can add additional functionality at a later time.
Disadvantages of Spiral Model * It can be expensive model to use. * Very specific risk analysis requires expertise. * The project's success depends largely on the risk analysis phase. * It does not work well for small projects.
When to use Spiral Model * It is essential for risk and cost evaluation * Significant for medium to high risk projects * When a user is uncertain of what they require * Prerequisites are complicated * Projects that take a long time are wise because of potential changes to the economic priorities * Latest product line * Important modifications are projected Each and every spiral can be described as a loop each and is a separate development process in a spiral form. These four stages form the mediator of the spiral model and is replicated for every loop.
The spiral model is excellent for big projects, the ones where an individual can cultivate and hand over little samples that can be developed into bigger software. The application of this particular model needs a knowledgeable supply because risk analysis is very significant in the spiral model and therefore it is expensive.

THE WATERFALL MODEL

THE WATERFALL MODEL
The Waterfall Model was first Process Model to be introduced. It is also referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model. It is very simple to understand and use. In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed fully before the next phase can begin. This type of model is basically used for the for the project which is small and there are no uncertain requirements. At the end of each phase, a review takes place to determine if the project is on the right path and whether or not to continue or discard the project. In this model the testing starts only after the development is complete. In waterfall model phases do not overlap.
Diagram of Waterfall-model:

THE INCREMENTAL MODEL
Incremental model in software engineering is a one which combines the elements of waterfall model which are then applied in an iterative manner. It basically delivers a series of releases called increments which provide progressively more functionality for the client as each increment is delivered.
In incremental model of software engineering,waterfall model is repeatedly applied in each increment. The incremental model applies linear sequences in a required pattern as calendar time passes. Each linear sequence produces an increment in the work.
Diagram of Incremental Model Incremental Model As from the diagram you can see that there are 5 phases (tasks) which are carried out in each increment. If you want to see what activity is carried out in each phase then check out this post :Phases of waterfall model as the phases are same .
The first increment is often acore product where the basic requirements are addressed and the supplementary features are added in the next increments. The core product is used and evaluated by the client. Once the core product is evaluated by the client there is plan development for the next increment. Thus in every increment the needs of the client are kept in mind and more features and functions are added and the core product is updated. This process continues till the complete product is produced.
The increments earlier to the main increment are called as “stripped down” versions of the final product. These increments form a base for customer evaluation. On this basis client can suggest new requirements if required.
If there are less number of employees to work on the project Incremental development model is very useful to complete the project before the deadline. In a project early increments can be done with less number of people. In case if the core product is well-defined and understood more employees can be added if needed in the future increments.
One of the benefits of Incremental process model is that it can be planned to manage technical risks.

RESEARCH
INTERVIEWS
Interviews enable face to face discussion with human subjects. If you are going to use interviews you will have to decide whether you will take notes (distracting), tape the interview (accurate but time consuming) rely on your memory (foolish) or write in their answers (can lead to closed questioning for time’s sake). If you decide to interview you will need to draw up an interview schedule of questions which can be either closed or open questions, or a mixture of these. Closed questions tend to be used for asking for and receiving answers about fixed facts such as name, numbers, and so on. They do not require speculation and they tend to produce short answers. With closed questions you could even give your interviewees a small selection of possible answers from which to choose. If you do this you will be able to manage the data and quantify the responses quite easily. The Household Survey and Census ask closed questions, and often market researchers who stop you in the street do too. You might ask them to indicate how true for them a certain statement was felt to be, and this too can provide both a closed response, and one which can be quantified (30% of those asked said they never ate rice, while 45% said they did so regularly at least once a week... and so on).
The problem with closed questions is that they limit the response the interviewee can give and do not enable them to think deeply or test their real feelings or values.

QUESTIONNAIRES
Questionnaires often seem a logical and easy option as a way of collecting information from people. They are actually rather difficult to design and because of the frequency of their use in all contexts in the modern world, the response rate is nearly always going to be a problem (low) unless you have ways of making people complete them and hand them in on the spot (and this of course limits your sample, how long the questionnaire can be and the kinds of questions asked). As with interviews, you can decide to use closed or open questions, and can also offer respondents multiple choice questions from which to choose the statement which most nearly describes their response to a statement or item. Their layout is an art form in itself because in poorly laid out questionnaires respondents tend, for example, to repeat their ticking of boxes in the same pattern. If given a choice of response on a scale 1-5, they will usually opt for the middle point, and often tend to miss out subsections to questions. You need to take expert advice in setting up a questionnaire, ensure that all the information about the respondents which you need is included and filled in, and ensure that you actually get them returned. Expecting people to pay to return postal questionnaires is sheer folly, and drawing up a really lengthy questionnaire will also inhibit response rates. You will need to ensure that questions are clear, and that you have reliable ways of collecting and managing the data. Setting up a questionnaire that can be read by an optical mark reader is an excellent idea if you wish to collect large numbers of responses and analyze them statistically rather than reading each questionnaire and entering data manually.
OBSERVATION
Observational research (or field research) is a type of correlation (i.e., non-experimental) research in which a researcher observes ongoing behavior. There are a variety of types of observational research, each of which has both strengths and weaknesses. These types are organized below by the extent to which an experimenter intrudes upon or controls the environment.
Observational research is particularly prevalent in the social sciences and in marketing. It is a social research technique that involves the direct observation of phenomena in their natural setting. This differentiates it from experimental research in which a quasi-artificial environment is created to control for spurious factors, and where at least one of the variables is manipulated as part of the experiment. It is typically divided into naturalistic (or “nonparticipant”) observation, and participant observation. Cases studies and archival research are special types of observational research. Naturalistic (or nonparticipant) observation has no intervention by a researcher. It is simply studying behaviors that occur naturally in natural contexts, unlike the artificial environment of a controlled laboratory setting. Importantly, in naturalistic observation, there is no attempt to manipulate variables. It permits measuring what behavior is really like. However, its typical limitations consist in its incapability exploring the actual causes of behaviors, and the impossibility to determine if a given observation is truly representative of what normally occurs.
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Top of Form
Bottom of Form
In participant observation, the researcher intervenes in the environment. Most commonly, this refers to inserting himself/herself as a member of a group, aimed at observing behavior that otherwise would not be accessible. Also, behaviors remain relatively natural, thereby giving the measurements high external validity. Case Studies are a type of observational research that involves a thorough descriptive analysis of a single individual, group, or event. They can be designed along the lines of both nonparticipant and participant observation. Both approaches create new data, while archival research involves the analysis of data that already exist. A hypothesis is generated and then tested by analyzing data that have already been collected. This is a useful approach when one has access to large amounts of information collected over long periods of time. Such databases are available, for example, in longitudinal research that collects information from the same individuals over many years.

DESIGN
Data flow diagrams (DFDs) reveal relationships amongand between the various components in a program orsystem. DFDs are an important technique for modeling asystem’s high-level detail by showing how input data istransformed to output results through a sequence offunctional transformations. DFDs consist of four majorcomponents: entities, processes, data stores, and dataflows. The symbols used to depict how these componentsinteract in a system are simple and easy to understand;however, there are several DFD models to work from, each having its own symbol. DFD syntax does remainconstant by using simple verb and noun constructs. Such as syntactical relationship of DFDs makes them ideal forobject-oriented analysis and parsing functionalspecifications into precise DFDs for the systems analyst.

CONCLUSION
Data flow diagramming is a highly effective techniquefor showing the flow of information through a system.DFDs are used in the preliminary stages of systemsanalysis to help understand the current system and torepresent a required system. The DFDs themselvesrepresent external entities sending and receivinginformation (entities), the processes that changeinformation (processes), the information flowsthemselves (data flows), and where information is store.

IMPLEMENTATION

TESTING

EVALUATION

RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES