... Martin & Malcolm & America, A Dream or A Nightmare, by James H. Cone and The Civil Rights Movement by Bruce J. Dierenfield. When we think back on the historical backdrop of America many events happened that are either disapproved of, or seen as the wonderfulness days. The occasions that are the magnificence days or the most astounding focuses in American life, for example, Independence from England served to make America what it is today. Those occasions that we think back on, that are not the best periods of time, for example, slavery and African Americans battle for Rights in the 1960's, likewise served to make the United States what it is today. Whether we agree it was right, it has had an effect. At the point when in the 1960's, pioneers, for example, Martin Luther King, Jr., and religious pioneers, for example, Malcolm X, remained forward to discuss the rights that were detracted from African Americans, they were look down upon. Even when society wanted to make it seems as Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X were battling one another rather than making a movement. In the book Martin & Malcolm & America, A Dream or A Nightmare, by James H. Cone, states “Although the media portrayed them as adversaries, Martin and Malcolm were actually fond of each other. There was no animosity between them. They saw each other as a fellow justice-fighter, struggling against the same evil- racism-and for the same goal- freedom for African Americans.” (Cone, pg 2) Today however, Martin...
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...The American Dream, something that every American has a chance at, the ideals of freedom, equality, and opportunity held to be available to everyone living in the U.S... But this was not the case in the 1960’s for African Americans. This chance was taken away from them because of racial prejudice. Slavery still did exist in a sense. Blacks had been discriminated against for generations and separated from whites by law. Segregation had oppressed blacks for so many years. Kathryn Stockett, the author of The Help, shows how racism and discrimination destroyed the chance for African Americans to achieve the American Dream. In her book, The Help, Kathryn Stockett writes a realistic fiction story about the life and roles of black maids in the 1960’s in Jackson Mississippi. Skeeter Phelan, Minny Jackson and Aiblieen narrate the story. Skeeter is a 23-year-old educated white woman who is coming home from college. She lives at home on her family's cotton plantation. She is different from most women in her town mainly because of the maid that raised her, Constantine. “All my life I'd been told what to believe about politics, coloreds, being a girl. But with Constantine's thumb pressed in my hand, I realized I actually had a choice in what I could believe.” She slowly realizes she does not to be a part of the racism her town holds. She loves to write, so she soon devotes herself, at a high risk, to write a book featuring the real stories of the black women who work for the white families...
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...prominent archeologist I have become, I have been summoned to a dig site where a time capsule from the 1960’s has been discovered. After carefully unearthing this delicate finding, my colleagues and I discover five significant things from the 1960’s. First brought out is an antiwar sign, obviously hand made. Second from the capsule is a portrait of our 35th President, President John F. Kennedy. Third is the Woman’s Movement of the 1960’s. Fourth is a portrait of Martin Luther King, Jr. The final, fifth item to be brought from the time capsule, is the Civil Rights Movement. Each item is a significant and defining factor of the 1960’s era; a part of history that remains embedded in the American people’s minds and hearts. The antiwar handheld sign was the first to come out of the time capsule. This sign is still legible. The sign is a wood stick with a thin flat 4X4 piece of wood stapled to it. The flat wood sign has “Stop the War” spray-painted in red on one side. On the other side of the flat wood board is a peace sign spray-painted in yellow. The wood stick had a thin scarf tied to it still. This piece of history has significant meaning to the antiwar era of the 1960’s. This sign most likely was held and waved through the air at many of the antiwar protest often held by the so-called hippies of the 60’s. Many individuals who were against the war in Vietnam during the 1960’s. Individuals voiced their opinions in protests that consisted of sit-ins, marches and radical...
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...term that describes an era or movement in American culture marked by attitudes of skepticism which challenges many of the ideals of Modernism. As an opposition towards the modern era, Postmodernism can be identified in art through its related terms such as fragmentation, hyper-realism, deconstruction, pastiche and ambiguity. Specifically, postmodernism refutes such concepts as reality, the ability to reach perfection, absolute truth, the structures of capitalism, ideals represented within popular culture, political values and other core concepts related to the structures of American culture. The concept is often criticized as a truism for its ambiguity in its very definition. Ironically, ambiguity in relation to truth is as much a description of the term as it is a concept practiced within the cultural movement. For this reason, the term is perhaps most simplistically exemplified and defined through media texts which encode its ideologies. One such media text includes Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, a film adapted from Hunter Thompson’s 1972 novel. In the following essay, I will define the concept of postmodernism through Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. The media text uses humor to challenge modernistic ideas of one’s ability to achieve the Utopian “American dream,” which is often defined as the realization of ultimate happiness and success. Specifically, Fear and Loathing’s satirical refute of the existence of an American Dream is encoded throughout the film, a theme immediately...
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...I think that a movie, Rosemary’s Baby, directed by Roman Polanski in 1968, depicts the anxiety and fear of pregnancy which was based on actual social issues in the 1960s. Through this movie, I would like to talk about three remarkable subjects: Ira Levin, a hallucination scene, and Mia Farrow. Ira Levin is an American novelist who wrote a story of Rosemary’s Baby. He tends to write his novel based on an actual incident and social issue. For example, one of his works, the Stepford Wives in 1972, was based on Women's Liberation, the Counterculture of the 1960s in America. A story of this novel is that husbands, living in Stepford, are afraid of their wives to be assertive, so husbands kill their actual wives and create their own ideal obedient...
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...was not regulated, to name just a few of the now seemingly barbaric practices that were commonplace in that America. Knowing this, the contents of this capsule should hopefully shed some light on our ancestors, and the information contained within will most certainly be invaluable to historians studying the era of the 1960’s. Item #1: An intact and remarkably well preserved newspaper dated August 8, 1964 with the headline “Johnson Declares War!” The paper is of course referring to President Lyndon B. Johnson and his declaration of war on Vietnam with the Tonkin Gulf Resolution (Chambers, 2000). While the United States had been gradually entering into war with Vietnam for approximately a decade by this point (Britannica.com, 2013), it was the incidents in the Tonkin Gulf and Johnson’s resolution immediately following that solidified the war in America’s psyche. Before this, the Vietnam conflict was simply just that—a “minor conflict” to the majority of America, and as this was a far more preferable way of looking at it than calling it the war that it was the U.S. government was content to leave it described as such. However, that all changed when American ships were attacked by the North Vietnamese on two separate incidents in the Tonkin Gulf, basically forcing Johnson and Congress to declare war (G.Warner, Vietnam Veteran, personal communication, April 27, 2013). It was not long after...
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...10/13/06 American History Essence Harden 5/2/00 African-American Civil Rights “Struggle is a never ending process. Freedom is never really won. You earn it and win it in every generation.” –Coretta Scott King, page666 The 1960’s were a time of great turmoil in America and throughout the world. One of the main topics that arouse was black civil rights. In my essay I plan to compare the difference of opinion between these particular writers and directors, towards racism and the civil rights movement in the 1960’s The movement truly got underway with civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King jr. and Malcolm X in the early 1960’s. Students who wanted to bolt on the equality and protest bandwagon quickly followed. Most of the students went to the Southern states (Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, etc.), to stop the racism and hate crimes. The truth of the matter is that the violence and abhorrence would get worse before it got better. The Klan became stronger and more violent, committing many more lynching and gruesome murders. Bit by bit most of the Caucasian Americans came around to the idea of integration, and did not believe that the African Americans as a ‘threat’ anymore. The only reason that this great monumental change occurred was because of the great leadership of Malcolm X, Martin Luther King jr., and not to mention the thousands of other less famous civil rights leaders, that worked to change the views of their community. There also where lobbyist and protesters...
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...myself and my highly skilled archaeological team. This is such an amazing discovery. We have been taught over the years how important the 1960’s were and how they brought about many changes in our nation leading up to its present day success. Inside the time capsule we have found a newspaper article dated February 2nd, 1960 with the headline “A&T Students Launch ‘Sit-Down’ Demand for Service at Downtown Lunch Counter”. (International Civil Rights Center & Museum, 2014) The next item within the capsule was a small package labeled Enovid and appears to one of the first brands of oral contraceptives. Continuing to look further into the capsule we then found 2 tickets from the Washington Coliseum with a date of February 10th 1964 featuring The Beatles. Also included among these items was a flyer dated August 28th 1963 with the heading “March on Washington”. The last item we removed from the time capsule was a small patch with an eagle on it landing on what appears to be the moon with the words “Apollo 11”. I will now go onto write a little history on these items as well as their importance to us in the present day. In 1865 slavery ended and African-Americans were free to live their own lives. Although this was true African-American were still treated poorly. Segregation was used to separate the African-Americans from the white Americans. Coloreds or blacks were popular terms during this time and every public place including diners, schools transportation and restrooms were...
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...Gender Equality & the Women’s Movement SS310 – Exploring the 1960’s: An Interdisciplinary Approach Unit 6 Project March 12, 2013 A Brief Timeline of the Women’s Movement 1920 - 2009 Sources cited on the reference page. In the United States, women are allowed a certain level of luxury in having a large amount of control over the path their lives take. An American woman can be a business owner, a homeowner, a college graduate, a highly paid executive or a stay at home mother and wife. These are choices that we as individuals get to make with limited input from the men in our lives. We take guidance from our fathers, brothers and husbands but the ultimate decision lies with us. History has shown us that this was not always the case in our country. Early on women were not allowed to own property, be educated or make any major decisions. Power rested in the hands of the men and it took many years to wrench some away. In the late 1800’s American women were beginning to realize that there was more to life then mothering and keeping house. The Suffragette movement was born out of a palpable desire to be a voice for change in the world and to have a vote in the governance of the country. After many years of struggling, the 19th amendment was signed into law extending the right to vote so that it would not “be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex” (19th amendment). One step among many that leads...
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...Requiem and Deviant Intentions For A Dream” The 2000 film, Requiem for a Dream, by Director Darren Aronofsky is a chilling look into the realities of drug addiction, disappear, and hopelessness. If ever their was an anti-drug film or Public Services Announcement cautioning people about the dangers and ills of drug use, this could most certainly serve as one of the canonical texts. One viewing of this film would cause Nancy Regan’s 1980’s warnings of “Just saying No” to duck and hide their insufficient faces in shame for simply not hitting home hard enough. According to Farber, in The Age of Great Dreams: America in the 1960s, he contends that by the late 1960s, many young antiwar activities and others who were involved in a variety of social and political movements were in open revolt against what they considered “the American way of life,” believing that the “traditional” values of American life were what had produced the war in Vietnam, racism, and a lot of other ugliness. The shock troops in this “cultural war,” at least as most Americans saw it, were the longhaired “freaks” and “hippies” of what was then called the “counterculture.” It was the counterculture, more than the antiwar movement or Black Power groups, that seemed to many older Americans to be the most threatening to their family and loved ones. Far more young people would experiment with illegal drugs and counterculture lifestyles than would ever participate in the civil rights, antiwar,...
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...Luther King Jr. knew his impromptu speech alone would have a significant impact on the American people and on the soon to fallow political choices. Had this march not have gone the way it did things may have taken longer to move forward and the Civil Act Movement in my opinion may have been stunted and delayed. Body Between 1940’s and 1963 there had been two marches organized on Washington the first was led by A. Philip Randolph whom was the consummate black political organizer of his age. He labored unrelentingly to get individuals and groups to put aside their divisive, parochial, and often petty concerns and close ranks in the formation of a mass movement for the common good. The foremost architect of the modern Civil Rights movement, he urged boycotts in the South against Jim Crow trains, buses, schools, and businesses. “Nonviolent Good Will Direct Action” is what he labeled his movement to gain social equality decades before Martin Luther King, Jr., and others emerged on the 1960’s political scene. If not the man himself, then his influence and ideas were at home at the forefront of virtually every civil rights campaign from the 1930’s through the 1960’s, including desegregation of public accommodations and schools, ending of restrictive covenants, the Montgomery bus boycott, and the 1957 March on Washington. Randolph is to be credited for his role in passage of the 1957, 1960, and 1964 civil rights acts and the voting rights bill of 1965 as well as one award stated:...
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...The 1960’s, full of questionable philosophies of activists expressing what they seemed to be their right of knowledge and ethics for others to follow but none were sure of to be the most senseful of the all. King believed in to be the most notable activist around the 1960’s along with Malcolm X. The two followed nearly complete opposite philosophies in which people sought out and followed along with their community for change and equality. Malcolm X a black nationalist, a devoted follower of Islam, Elijah Muhammad. X expressed and taught that white race brainwashed blacks to be patient while enduring injustice around their home and country, preaching anti-white rhetoric and change of America by any means necessary. Some expressed his thoughts on creating an all black society of their own throughout the civil rights era. King seemed as an opposite in most ways but with the same goal of respect and equality of the black community. Following the teachings of Gandhi, throughout his works even though King was a Christian priest. He pursued his vision through a philosophy of peaceful change through sit ins etc. to desegregate the nation. The philosophy of the two were nothing but opposites yet during the 60’s MLK’s ideology was the most suitable for America at that time....
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...This document is copyrighted by the American Psychological Association or one of its allied publishers. This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly. Dreaming, Vol. 1, No.4, 1991 The Effects of Dream Length on the Relationship Between Primary Process in Dreams and Creativity Glenn Livingston l and Ross Levin l ,2 The effects of dream length on the relationship between primaty process in dreams and a measure of creativity unconfounded by IQ was investigated in a sample of 93 graduate students using the Auld, Goldenberg, & Weiss (1968) Scale of Primary Process Thought (SPPT) and a modified Wallach-Kogan (1965) creativity batte/yo Consistent with previous research, total and mean primary process were found to correlate significantly with creativity (r = .28, P < .01 and r = .23, P < .05, respectively). Both significant relationships disappeared, however, once the effects of dream length were partialled out, confirming Wood, Sebba, & Domino's (1989-90) contention that this relationship may be artifactual. It is suggested that dream length as an individual difference in and of itself may thus be a more fruitful variable to examine in future research investigating the relationship between creativity and dreams. KEY WORDS: dreaming; dream length; primary process; creativity. The contention that creativity and dreaming may reflect similar psychological processes has long been maintained by...
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...The Movements of Women’s Rights Gender & Equality Barbara Bradford Sept. 9, 2015 Instructor: Jennifer Moore-Ambrosia Southern New Hampshire University In the United States, women are allowed a certain level of luxury in having a large amount of control over the path they have taken. An American woman can be a business owner, a homeowner, a college graduate, a highly paid executive or a stay at home mother and wife. These are choices that we as individuals get to make with limited input from the men in our lives. We take guidance from our fathers, brothers and husbands but the ultimate decision lies with us. History shows us that this was not always the case in our country. Early on women were not allowed to own property, be educated or make any major decisions. Power rested in the hands of the men and it took many years to wrench some away. In the late 1800’s American women were beginning to realize that there was more to life then mothering and keeping house. The Suffragette movement was born out of a palpable desire to be a voice for change in the world and to that they could vote in the governance of the country. After many years of struggling, the 19th amendment was signed into law extending the right to vote so that it would not “be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex”...
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...During the 1950’s African American migrated over to the United States to get jobs. Because we lived so close we picked up their style of music and mashed ours with theirs. Rock and Roll was born in the 1950’s by the overlapping of blues and rhythm. During the 1950’s many parents did not allow their children to listen to Rock and Roll because they thought it was going to cause teen rebellion. But because their parents did not want their kids listening to it, it only made them want to listen to it more. Many parents in the 1950’s feared that their children would start acting and dressing as if they were rockstars such as Elvis Presley. So, parents actually tried to ban this genre of music because of the rational fear of their children rebelling against them. But the Rock and...
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