...against a financial standard, the investors’ required returns. The case gives internal rates of return (IRR) for the 7E7 project under base-case and alternative forecasts. The students must estimate a weighted-average cost of capital (WACC) for Boeing’s commercial-aircraft business segment in order to evaluate the IRRs. As a result of that analysis, the students identify the key value drivers and distinguish, on a qualitative basis, the key gambles that Boeing is making. The general objective of this case is to exercise students’ skills in estimating a weighted-average cost of capital and cost of equity. The need for students to estimate a segment WACC draws out their abilities to critique different estimates of beta and to manipulate the levered-beta formulas. Boeing competes in both the commercial aircraft and the defense business. Thus, deriving the appropriate benchmark WACC for the 7E7 project requires isolating the commercial aircraft component from Boeing’s overall corporate WACC. In doing so,...
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...against a financial standard, the investors’ required returns. The case gives internal rates of return (IRR) for the 7E7 project under base-case and alternative forecasts. The students must estimate a weighted-average cost of capital (WACC) for Boeing’s commercial-aircraft business segment in order to evaluate the IRRs. As a result of that analysis, the students identify the key value drivers and distinguish, on a qualitative basis, the key gambles that Boeing is making. The general objective of this case is to exercise students’ skills in estimating a weighted-average cost of capital and cost of equity. The need for students to estimate a segment WACC draws out their abilities to critique different estimates of beta and to manipulate the levered-beta formulas. Boeing competes in both the commercial aircraft and the defense business. Thus, deriving the appropriate benchmark WACC for the 7E7 project requires isolating the commercial aircraft component from Boeing’s overall corporate WACC. In doing so, students...
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...use to calculate the cost of equity? b. How did you measure Marriott’s cost of debt? 4. If Marriott used a single corporate hurdle rate for evaluating investment opportunities in each of its lines of business, what would happen to the company over time? 5. What is the cost of capital for the lodging and restaurant divisions of Marriott? a. What risk free rate and risk premium did you use in calculating the cost of equity for each division? Why did you choose these numbers? b. How did you measure the cost of debt for each division? Should the debt cost differ across divisions? Why? c. How did you measure the beta of each division? Case Hints and Suggestions The primary objective of this case is to show students how the CAPM is used to compute the cost of capital. Students learn to calculate beta based on comparable companies and to lever betas to adjust for capital structure. Students are asked to determine the appropriate risk-less rate and market risk premium. This case also encourages students to focus on the choice of time period to estimate expected returns and the difference between the geometric and the arithmetic average as a measure of expected returns. The cost of capital for Marriott as a whole The case provides an ideal opportunity to review the capital asset pricing model and the weighted average cost of capital through calculation of the cost of capital for Marriott as a whole. To calculate the WACC you will need information on the...
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...| Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus | | | | Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is rising at an alarming rate across all age groups in the United States and around the world. Because of the surge of new diagnoses of DM, medical journals are referring to this disorder as an epidemic and pandemic. According to Brass (2014), “diabetes kills one individual every six seconds across the globe, and it is expected to rise 55 percent in the next 20 years” (p. 6). The article goes on to state that according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), “about 26 million individuals in the U.S. or 83 percent of the population have had a diabetes diagnosis (p. 6). Unfortunately this number will only begin to keep climbing and affect future generations to come. Professor Nam Han Cho wrote in a report on diabetes that “if current demographic patterns continue, more than 592 million people (worldwide) will be affected with diabetes within a generation” (Brass, 2014, p.7). Diabetes can be divided up into four categories including the following: Type 1 DM, Type 2 DM, gestational diabetes, and pre-diabetes. This paper will discuss the aspects of Type 1 diabetes. Information from the article Primary and secondary prevention of Type 1 diabetes was obtained from the Wiley Online Library database using the search terms diabetes type 1, and prevention. The Wiley Online Library database was also used to obtain information from the article titled...
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... On the other end of the spectrum, day traders feel that if they aren't making dozens of trades a day, there is a problem. These people are risk lovers. When investing in stocks, bonds or any other investment instrument, there is a lot more risk than you'd think. In this section, we'll take a look at the different kind of risks that often threaten investors' returns, ways of measuring and calculating risk, and methods for managing risk. Expected Return, Variance and Standard Deviation of a Portfolio Expected return is calculated as the weighted average of the likely profits of the assets in the portfolio, weighted by the likely profits of each asset class. Expected return is calculated by using the following formula: | Written another way, the same formula is as follows: E(R) = w1R1 + w2Rq + ...+ wnRn Example: Expected Return For a simple portfolio of two mutual funds, one investing in stocks and the other in bonds, if we expect the stock fund to return 10% and the bond fund to return 6% and our allocation is 50% to each asset class, we have the following:...
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...Corporate Finance, 9/e Stephen A. Ross, Massachussetts Institute of Technology Randolph W. Westerfield, University of Southern California Jeffrey F. Jaffe, University of Pennsylvania ISBN: 0073382337 Copyright year: 2010 Table of Contents PART I: Overview 1 Introduction to Corporate Finance 1 1.1 | What Is Corporate Finance? | 1 | | The Balance Sheet Model of the Firm | 1 | | The Financial Manager | 3 | 1.2 | The Corporate Firm | 4 | | The Sole Proprietorship | 4 | | The Partnership | 4 | | The Corporation | 5 | | A Corporation by Another Name . . . | 7 | 1.3 | The Importance of Cash Flows | 7 | 1.4 | The Goal of Financial Management | 10 | | Possible Goals | 11 | | The Goal of Financial Management | 11 | | A More General Goal | 12 | 1.5 | The Agency Problem and Control of the Corporation | 13 | | Agency Relationships | 13 | | Management Goals | 14 | | Do Managers Act in the Stockholders' Interests? | 14 | | Stakeholders | 15 | 1.6 | Regulation | 16 | | The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 | 16 | | Sarbanes-Oxley | 17 | | Summary and Conclusions | 18 | | Concept Questions | 18 | | S&P Problems | 19 | 2 Financial Statements and Cash Flow 20 2.1 | The Balance Sheet | 20 | | Liquidity | 21 | | Debt versus Equity | 22 | | Value versus Cost | 22 | 2.2 | The Income Statement | 23 | | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles | 24 | | Noncash Items | 25...
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...CORPORATE FINANCE DEMYSTIFIED TROY A. ADAIR, Jr. McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2006 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-148678-X The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-145910-3. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted...
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...out there sometimes it is difficult as a consumer to pick a favorite. However, as an investor one must be careful and perform a financial analysis of the company one wishes to invest in. This paper focuses on the financials of Dr. Pepper Snapple, a leading CSD brand in north America. A brief introduction of the company and its business operations is followed by detailed financial analysis. Income statement and balance sheet analysis explains the company's health while the cash flow gives a clearer picture of the firms activities. Ratio analysis provides a tool to judge the firm performance over time including against its competitors and the industry. Comparison to competitors and the industry is can also be done by stock price, EPS and beta analysis. In conclusion, DPS is a stable and healthy firm as it will be shown in this paper. Company Overview Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. is a leading integrated brand owner, manufacturer and distributor of non-alcoholic beverages non carbonated beverages and carbonated soft drinks in the United States, Canada and Mexico. Its product line also includes ready-to-drink teas, juices, juice drinks, water and mixers. some of its famous brands in the US are Dr. pepper, Schweppes, Sunkist, Snapple, Motts, crush etc. (Dr. Pepper Snapple Group Inc, 2014) according to what is reported, some of the keys to the company's success are : 1.Strong portfolio of leading, consumer-preferred brands. 2.Strong customer relationships. 3.Attractive...
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...Investment Summary An Analysis of Hotel and Tourism Industry Tajamouat for Touristic Projects vs. Zara Investment Holding (ZARA) Prepared By: Rasha Alazzeh Khaled Al-Shareef Marwa Jarkas Kamal Odeh May Hirzallah Nedal Khouri Valuation results | Tajamouat for Touristic Projects | Zara Investment Holding (ZARA) | Risk Characteristic | | | Beta | 0.7 | 0.02 | Jensen Alpha | -0.45% | -1.34% | R squared | 0.0873 | 0.0011 | Investment Performance | | | ROE – COE | -153.40% | -1.14% | ROC – WACC | -338.02% | -190.75% | EVA (Millions) | 91952595 | 166466611 | Capital Structure | | | Current Debt ratio | 48.07% | 38.62% | Optimal Debt Ratio | 92.57% | 62.91% | Change in WACC | N\A | N\A | Dividend Policy | | | Dividends (Millions) | 0 | 0 | FCFE (Millions) | -19678413.00 | -75373182.24 | Valuations | | | Value/share | 0.92 | 1.332 | Price/Share | 0.59 | 1.05 | Table of Contents Introduction: 3 Overview of Performance, Corporate Governance: 3 Tajamouat Business: 3 Zara Investment Business: 4 Corporate Governance: 5 Risk Profile: 6 Investment Return Analysis: 7 Investment Returns: 8 Dividends Policy: 11 Cash flow choice: 12 Growth pattern choice: 13 Valuation: 14 Weighted Average Cost of Capital – WACC: 14 Value enhancement:...
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...McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructor is solely responsible for the editorial content of such materials. 111 FINAGEN ISBN: 0−390−55204−6 Finance Contents Ross−Westerfield−Jaffe • Corporate Finance, Seventh Edition I. Overview 1 1 20 34 34 35 70 98 130 152 152 193 219 219 241 241 275 1. Introduction to Corporate Finance 2. Accounting Statements and Cash Flow II. Value and Capital Budgeting Introduction 4. Net Present Value 5. How to Value Bonds and Stocks 7. Net Present Value and Capital Budgeting 8. Risk Analysis, Real Options, and Capital Budgeting III: Risk 10. Return and Risk: The Capital−Asset−Pricing Model (CAPM) 12. Risk, Cost of Capital, and Capital Budgeting VII. Short−Term Finance 27. Cash Management VIII. Special Topics 29. Mergers and Acquisitions 31. International Corporate Finance Harvard Business School Entrepreneurship Cases JAFCO American Ventures, Inc.: Building a Venture Capital Firm 299 299 Case Harvard Business School Finance Cases Pioneer...
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...analyzing financial performance, customer satisfaction, employee/learning and growth, and internal process. Business Model Chipotle’s vision is to change the way people think about fast food. This is done by seeking the same quality and experience as a high end restaurant while maintaining the speed of fast food. Chipotle adopted the slogan, “Food with Integrity” which serves as their guiding objective for the ingredients. Our objective is to find the highest quality ingredients we can—ingredients that are grown or raised with respect for the environment, animals and people who grow or raise the food” (2012 Annual Report and Proxy Statment, 2012). Differentiation of Products and Services One way Chipotle maintains quality is with short line of products: burrito bowls, tacos, quesadillas, and salads. Each item can come with one of four meats or just vegetables. Each location serves soft drinks while some also serve beer and margaritas. There are no freezers, microwave ovens, or can openers at any location as the majority of the food is made on site. Chipotle ensures that all products served were, “raised without the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics or added hormones, and in accordance with criteria we’ve established in an...
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...Contents Part A Concept Questions ................................................................................................. A-1 Part B Chapter 2: Chapter 3: Chapter 4: Appendix 4A: Chapter 5: Appendix 5A: Chapter 6: Chapter 7: Chapter 8: Chapter 9: Chapter 10: Chapter 11: Chapter 12: Chapter 13: Chapter 14: Chapter 15: Chapter 16: Appendix 16B: Chapter 17: Chapter 18: Chapter 19: Chapter 20: Chapter 21: Chapter 22: Chapter 23: Chapter 24: Chapter 25: Chapter 26: Chapter 27: Chapter 28: Chapter 29: Chapter 30: Chapter 31: Answers to End-of-Chapter Problems Accounting Statements and Cash Flow ................................................................... Financial Planning and Growth ............................................................................... Net Present Value .................................................................................................... Net Present Value: First Principles of Finance ........................................................ How to Value Bonds and Stocks ............................................................................. The Term Structure of Interest Rates, Spot Rates, and Yields to Maturity ............. Some Alternative Investment Rules......................................................................... Net Present Value and Capital Budgeting ............................................................... Risk Analysis, Real Options, and Capital...
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...VALUATION Outline Page Valuation overview 1 DCF valuation 7 47 Comparable transactions analysis 59 LBO analysis 68 Appendix VALUATI O N Comparable companies analysis 74 VAIDYA NATHAN 1 Overview “Price is what you pay. Value is what you get” VALUATI O N O V E R VI EW Value ! Price Do not confuse Price and Value. They are not the same If the Price paid is less than the Value derived, it’s a good investment VAIDYA NATHAN 2 Overview Why valuation is important? Divestitures Acquisitions How much should we pay to buy the company? How much should we sell our company/division for? Fairness opinions Research Is the price offered for our company/division fair (from a financial point of view)? Should our clients buy, sell or hold positions in a given security? Valuation Public equity offerings Hostile defense For how much should we sell our company/division in the public market? Is our company undervalued/vulnerable to a raider VALUATI O N O V E R VI EW Debt offerings New business presentations Various applications What is the underlying value of the business/assets against which debt is being issued? VAIDYA NATHAN 3 Overview The valuation process Determining a final valuation recommendation is a process of triangulation using insight from each of the relevant valuation methodologies (1) Discounted Cash Flow VALUATI O N ...
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...Woko k rb o: Sm lQuso s n ap e et n ad i Eece xrss i September 2012 Level I Workbook: Sample Questions and Exercises Preface.......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Sample Exam Questions ............................................................................................................................. 2 Exercises ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 Errata Sheet................................................................................................................................................. 2 The Level II Examination and Completion of the Program ................................................................... 3 Topic 1: Professional Standards and Ethics ......................................................................................... 4 Topic 2: Introduction to Alternative Investments................................................................................ 6 Topic 3: Real Assets .............................................................................................................................. 20 Topic 4: Hedge Funds ........................................................................................................................... 29 Topic 5: Commodities ...............................
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...have to either sell new equity or borrow.This causes two different kinds of problems: 1) The plow back ratio? => Dividend policy 2) The proportions of debt and issue of equity? => Debt policy. • Net stock issue is negative = Company repurchases more stocks than issues them. Reasons for internally generated funds: a) avoid cost of issuing securities b) investors don’t get the message from lower future profits and higher risk. Recent years firms have issued more debt than equity. Still, there are many ways to calculate the Debt ratio of company: 1) Debt / total assets = ( Short + long term debt ) / Total assets, or 2) Proportion of debt in long term financing) = Long term liabilities Long term liabilities + stockholders’ equity The Debt Ratios has risen since 1950 because of the book value of the corporate assets falls as behind the actual value of those assets. This is caused the inflation. And the new tools for risk management have also improved the Debt Ratios. 14.2 The maximum number of shares that can be issued, without a special permission from the stockholders, is known as the authorized share capital. Shares which are already issued and held by the investors are said to be issued and outstanding. Repurchased stocks...
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