...As the cries of “Je Suis Charlie” erupted in France following the 2015 terrorist attack on Charlie Hebdo in Paris, France, the world echoed questions regarding the interpretation of freedom, the limitations of rights, and the roles placed to guard those targeted when freedoms are exercised (A Nation). Nevertheless, the attack sparked a rise in political polarization which tightened tensions between the people of France as the country divided ideologically while attempting to answer the difficult question, “what is free speech?” Gaining insight from American politics, whose constitution was heavily influenced by French political values of freedom and liberty, the First Amendment of the United States Constitution guarantees its people the right to express their opinions and beliefs through writing, demonstrations, and other forms of expression without government restraint unless the direct (words) and symbolic (actions) conflict with federal law (“What Does”). From a legal standpoint, the First Amendment of the...
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...speaking freely about and opinions, even if they do oppose those of the government. However, this does not mean that Americans are free to say whatever they want at any time they want to say it. There are situations where some types of speech is illegal. This is where self-awareness comes to play. If people aren’t careful in the way we choose to express our opinions then of course they will be in trouble. An example of this is the burning of the American flag because there are other forms of protest people can use to show displeasure of the government. “If we didn’t defend the perimeter, there can be no center.” (Spiegelman 1) It is up to us to decide whether or not what we are expressing is justified. I believe the cartoons made by Charlie Hebdo were justified because it stood as a sign that the free world isn’t and shouldn’t be afraid or intimidated by extremists. However, the “contests” that followed weren’t justified and had no purpose, but to ridicule the prophet Muhammad. There’s a difference between peaceful protest and making a mockery of someone because they are different. Unfortunately, the AFDI didn’t distinguish this in the proper manner because all they did was mock a religion figure and its followers. If the opposition would have made inappropriate drawings of Jesus or even of Obama for that matter. We would also be upset, we would not seeing as a sign of free...
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...What’s interesting is that these three cases all involved public protest against the use of violence toward freedom of speech (except Martin’s case but which the same involved basic rights and individual safety) and they all eventually lead to public protest with symbolic item or phrase. Beside Martin’s “Million Hoodie March”, where people dressed in hoodies to support Martin and protested against the racism stereotype of “non-white in hoodie” and the so-called “self-defence” law; Charlie Hebdo received the support through Je Suis Charlie, which meant “I am Charlie” to support the free speech and freedom of expression, to speak for the victims killed at the attacks, and to resist to armed threats (Yavuz, 2015); and Yousafzai, more significantly,...
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...1. Introduction: The event that shooked the world 2015 has started very tragic in France, but also in journalistic and political satire profession. On January 7th two armed men entered the famous political satire newsroom Charlie Hebdo in center of french capital and killed twelve people. Reason was simple drawings of prophet Muhammad A week later come another editorial which was sold in five million copies. The second example happened Ten years earlier in Denmark police avert attack on another newsrooom. At that time target was Jyllands Posten . In both cases, the authors have joked with the extremity of the Muslim faith, joking with the Prophet Muhammad. As is known, they (Muslims) appear his appear not even in the Koran. But what is actually political satire in this topic and why is important? Acording to Oxford dictonary political satire is the use of humor, irony, exaggetion or ridicule to expose and criticitze people stupidaty in the context political. Political satire is usually connected with social commentary. It is has been a spoken or written act of rebellion toward an individual or group; commentary on social issues or society. Political satire is allround us. It can be usually be found in popular culture like books, movies, web pages , cartoons, television shows, caricature, foto montages ect. One of good example of it is famous book Animal Farm by George Orwell, where author critisise political system and moral values begin to fail . On the other...
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...Waterboarding, sleep deprivation, and dietary manipulation. Those three techniques is just a few examples of a long list of ways people have been tortured, or in some cases interrogated. The use of torture, or enhanced interrogation techniques have been a big controversy in the United States. It does not change the way society and economic powers in the world basically encourage the use of these techniques, no matter how many people say that it is terrible or unjust. About 3,000 casualties happened on 9/11 (9/11 Attacks), 12 deaths during the Charlie Hebdo shooting (Hebdo Shooting), and there were 31 victims and at least 100 other people wounded in an attack in Turkey (CNN). Thus being capable to catch, capture, or do away with said government’s hateful groups dead set against them is needed. Torture to some people is a means of preventing terrorism....
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...the media are embedded in this power structure, these discussions are less about tolerance or seperation, more the recognition of French individuals being the foundations on which he state is built.The hijab became a symbol of the “problem of ISlam” for the French Republic and media framing and vilification of Islam was reiterated through unbalanced coverage of the Charlie Hebdo attacks and the #jeportemonmaillotauparcleo trend on twitter, both which fail to distinguish between radical, fundamentalist and progressive Islam. ISlam ought to have a space for broadcasting within France to combat the secular ideologies, through presenting the diversity and positive aspects of Islam. THis emphasis on laïcité in France, a s illuminated by the controversy suggest that the politics of secularity are, in part about reinforcing a sense of nationhood. The term ‘cuius regio eius religio’, ‘the religion of the ruler is the religion of all of his subject’, applies in France's largely irreligious society in the sense that it suggests an absolute power, with a single political task; the care of its population, which in this case enforces secularity.The “crisis of laïcité ” is embedded in a political struggle over the model of France’s future, one which aims to maintain a secular personality of the French Republic. Anniversary of the French Revolution in 1989 - reiterates issue of universalism being a defining trait of republican France. However, as Casanova suggest the secular is a ‘central...
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...#MUSLIMLIVESMATTER The morning of February 10th when 23-year-old Deah Shaddy Barakat, his wife Yusor (21) and her sister Razon Muhammad Abu-Salha (19) woke up, I doubt they even exercised the slightest thought that it would be their last. However, later that afternoon they would be killed, gunned down “execution style”, by their 46-year-old neighbor Craig Stephen Hicks. (Alam, Monavvar) The question here, as in all murder cases, is why? In this particular case the motive of this murder is what has caused a media uproar. Whatever his reasons were, these killings shine a light on the sometimes subtle but very persistent “Islamophobia” that has become a huge part of American life since 9/11. By all reports, Brakat and Yusor were a lovely newly-married couple. Razon, Yusor’s sister is also reported to be a sweet girl who was concerned about the ever-growing hate among people of different faiths and religions across the globe. All the victims were good students and socially very conscious. Barakat was a second-year student in the graduate school of dentistry and his wife had planned to register there in the fall. Razon was also an undergraduate student; they were all students at the North Carolina State University. (Alam, Monavvar) In the wake of this horrendous incident, there has not been any protest, demonstration or marches held anywhere. This is partly due to how it is being reported in the news. After Craig Hicks turned himself in and was charged with three counts of first-degree...
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...Let’s all pity Netanyahu and the GOP: Israel, Iran, irrational thinking — and Thomas Friedman’s usual muddled nonsense A reactionary leader addressing a reactionary legislature will expose the creeping irrelevance of them both PATRICK L. SMITH Share 100 168 109 TOPICS: BENJAMIN NETANYAHU, NEW YORK TIMES, THOMAS FRIEDMAN, JOHN KERRY, ISRAEL, IRAN, EDITOR'S PICKS, NEWS, POLITICS NEWS Let's all pity Netanyahu and the GOP: Israel, Iran, irrational thinking -- and Thomas Friedman's usual muddled nonsense Thomas Friedman, Benjamin Netanyahu, John Kerry (Credit: Reuters/Lucas Jackson/AP/Pablo Martinez Monsivais/Michel Euler/Photo montage by Salon) Many readers will have seen Benjamin Netanyahu’s sentimentally charged but otherwise empty speech to Congress on Tuesday. If you missed it, you can watch it here or read the transcript here. There is a lot to consider in this presentation, even if—or partly because—it was a celebration of the nothing-new. To me, the key to the occasion lies in one especially revealing trick the Israeli leader tried. This was the staged presence of Elie Wiesel in the gallery. The novelist, Nobel-winner and concentration camp survivor was strategically placed in the speaker’s box next to Netanyahu’s wife, Sara. After a reference to “a nuclear-armed Iran whose unbridled aggression will inevitably lead to war,” Netanyahu played his card. “My friend, standing up to Iran is not easy,” he began this passage. “Standing up to dark and murderous...
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...trial of Socrates. He was tried for not acknowledging the gods of the city. The majority voted for conviction, but there were also some who voted against it. This was mostly due to the fact that they valued the right to freedom of speech as a part of their political system more than any harm. In the end Socrates was sentenced to death by drinking a poisonous liquid. (Kraut, R. 2015) As time progressed many other cases of violation of freedom of speech took place. Galileo Galilei, for example was one of the first scientists to claim that the sun does not revolve around the earth. Being one of the most renowned scientists of his time many of his findings were scrutinized by his peers, the Church and the public. This new finding was no exception. Galilei was hauled before the Inquisition in 1633 for his heliocentric views. The Inquisition was a Roman Catholic institution that persecuted people who had ideas that were removed from established beliefs and customs. Galilei was not judged in the end, but he was forced to give up his beliefs of heliocentrism. In this case Galilei was robbed of his right to freedom of speech. (Wudka, J. (1998)) On November 24, 1859 Charles Darwin published his book On the Origin of Species. In this work of literature he explained his theory of evolution and how he believed the human species descended from apes. This was a revolutionary theory at the time and naturally there were many people who disagreed with him. Especially the religious fundamentalists...
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...POLITICAL SCIENCE The Rise of Far Right in Europe An analysis based on the article “Far right on rise in Europe” published in “THE GUARDIAN” a study by Demos Thinktank. When thinking of the French presidential elections one may even disregard the fact that Mr.Hollande won and pay more attention to the significantly high score of Mrs.Marine Lepen. Indeed, the latter representing the Far Right Movement arrived third with 17.90%, just behind the Right Movement represented by Mr. Sarkozy with 27.18% and the Left Movement represented by the winner Mr. Hollande with 28.63%. This is extremely high when we know that generally in France, the winner party only scores on average 52%. Some people wonder why this extreme conservative party is gaining more and more credit among French citizens. wasn’t the idea of Human Rights born in France? Isn’t France known for its “liberty, equality, fraternity”? What happened to the country of freedom? In my opinion the three main events that led up to this delicate situation are: the recent economical crisis, the role of Media, and the carelessness of racist discourse. Before I begin my analysis, it is important to say that the support for the Far Right Movement is not exclusive to France but also to several European countries such as Austria, Germany or Switzerland as mentioned in the article. However, I will be essentially focusing on France since it is dear to my heart as I was born and raised there. First, the economic crisis...
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...Advertising in the press: an ethical issue In September 2012, the French newspaper Libération released a front page that produced controversies. Bernard Arnault, CEO of luxury firm LVMH, appeared above the statement “Casse-toi riche con”. The sentence refers to the Bernard Arnault’s application for Belgian citizenship. After few days of verbal struggle between the CEO and the newspaper, Liberation said LVMH and other firms cancelled for €700,000 in advertising, in response to the front page1. The loss of such a sum can threaten the financial health of the newspaper, whose global sales are around 60 million €. What should Libération have done? Avoid criticizing LVMH’s CEO, to ensure its advertising revenue and financial survival? To deal with the issue of advertising in the press, we need to check its economic weight. In France, the newspaper industry obtains almost 40% of its revenue from advertising2. This number is even bigger in the US (almost 70%). The other 60% are revenues from sales. At the same time, the press industry faces a grave crisis and its benefits are very low. Advertising is thus essential for newspapers survival. Moreover, newspapers have faced the rise of free newspaper for few years. Free newspaper, like the worldwide distributed Metro, find 100% of their revenues in advertising. In front of free news, it has become difficult to sell information. More and more citizens consider today information as a right, and refuse to pay anything for it. The economic...
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...SECURITY RESEARCH PAPER A PERSPECTIVE ON TERRORISM Piers Hutt piershutt@hotmail.com 1 March 2015 A PERSPECTIVE ON TERRORISM ABSTRACT Purpose: To critically examine the threat of modern terrorism to Western society. Design/methodology: An assessment was made of publically available documentation. The paper is then divided into a number of sections. It initially deals with the difficulties of defining terrorism, followed by its symbiotic relationship with the media. The next section looks at the modern Islamic Fundamentalist threat and the primarily neocon response since 9/11. Whilst the US has withdrawn combat forces from Iraq and Afghanistan, a bipartisan approach has been maintained to counterterrorism. The dangers of such an approach are examined along with emerging threats. Table of Contents * Abstract * Introduction * Define * Role of the Media * Psychology * Modern Terrorism * The Response * Counterview – The Dangers * Looking Ahead – The Next Potential Threats * Another Approach * Conclusion INTRODUCTION “Terrorism has become part of our daily news diet. Hardly a day goes by without news of an assassination, political kidnapping, hijacking or bombing somewhere in the world. As such, incidents of terrorism have increased in the past decade, the phenomenon of terrorism has become one of increasing concern to governments....” Introduction. With the recent high profile terrorist attacks in Sydney...
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...Topic 2 - Business Environment of UK PESTL Analysis of UK A PESTLE analysis provides and analysis of six of the key macro level factors which affect the country and the decision which it makes. Political There are a wide range of political factors which affects UK at present but also factors which may have an impact upon the country in the future. One key political decision which affects UK is the rate of tax levied by the government. At present, levels of corporation tax in the UK have been lowered in order to attempt to stimulate economic activity. However, given the continuing deficit, there is no guarantee that governments in the future will maintain the rate of corporation tax at its current level. Other key political decisions consider interest rates. At present, UK interest rates stand at an all-time low of 0.5%. This may be seen as a positive factor for firms such as Next who are effectively able to borrow large amounts of money for the purposes of capital expansion at much lower rates than have been previously seen. Such borrowing may take place in the form of long term borrowings from banks and financial institutions, alternatively the company may choose to issue corporate bonds. Other political issues relate to the governments relatively "arm's length" approach to Europe and remaining outside of the single currency area. For UK the international operations in the Euro Zone, this could be seen as negative with the prospect of foreign exchange rate risks being felt...
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...© Guillaume Herbaut © Guillaume Herbaut Feminism & FEMEN Abstract Through feminism protest, women have been trying to get equal rights to men for decades. Different movements have appeared through the years. Radical feminism is one of them. Where does it come from? What differences does it have from “classical” feminism? For a few years now, we can often see in the media pictures of those bare breasts women protesting, the FEMEN. Where do they come from? What are they fighting for, or against? In this paper, we will have a closer look at where from comes their movement and what defines their ideology in order to understand their message and what they protest against. Methodology For this work, I used what the FEMEN movement wrote, its manifesto and different articles, and tried to find feminist theories on radical feminism in order to understand the basis of the FEMEN movement. Table of content Abstract 2 Methodology 2 Introduction 4 What is radical feminism? 4 The notion of patriarchy 4 The Marxist feminism 5 The FEMEN movement 6 Brief history of the FEMEN movement 6 Bare breasts as a weapon 7 Manifesto 7 FEMEN 8 Ideology 8 Objective 8 Missions 8 Exigencies 8 Tactics: sextremism 8 Symbols 9 Structure and activity 9 Financing 9 Information 9 Controversy 9 Ethical points of view on feminism 10 Conclusion 10 Afterword 11 References 12 Introduction Already at the beginning of the 15th century, a woman, Christine...
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...GK Power Capsule – January 2015 (The Hindu Review) This GK Capsule has been prepared by Career Power Institute Delhi (Formerly Known as Bank Power). This has been prepared on the basis of news and events appeared in The Hindu Newspaper in the month of January 2015. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. RBI cut its benchmark rate by 25 basis points to 7.75 per cent. RBI’s growth estimate for 2014-15 is 5.5 per cent. a. Bank Rate – 8.75 % (0.25% Decreased) b. Cash Reserve Ratio – 4 % (Unchanged) c. Statutory Liquidity Ratio – 22 % (Unchanged) d. Repo Rate – 7.75 % (0.25% Decreased) e. Reverse Repo Rate – 6.75 % (0.25% Decreased) f. Marginal Standing Rate – 8.75 % (0.25% Decreased) United Nation Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appointed Indian sociologist Saraswathi Menon in peace-building panel. Filmmaker Pahlaj Nihalani was appointed as the Chairman of Central Board of Film Certification. Nihalani will succeed Leela Samson. Nepali Congress leader Deep Kumar Upadhyay was appointed as Nepal's ambassador to India. Hari Shankar Bramha was appointed as the new Chief Election Commissioner. Brahma succeeds V.S. Sampath. Anupam Shrivastava was appointed as CMD of BSNL. Arvind Panagariya took charge as Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog. He became the first vice-chairman of the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog, which replaced the Planning Commission on 1 January 2015. NITI Aayog comprises of Prime Minister as chairperson, one vice-chairman...
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