...John A. Moretta's biased biography of William Penn is easily a great contribution to the historiography of early Pennsylvania. “William Penn and the Quaker Legacy”, complements two earlier biographies in the Longman's Library of American Biography series, (Edmund S. Morgan's Puritan Dilemma: The Story of John Winthrop and Alden T. Vaughan's American Genesis: Captain John Smith and the Founding of Virginia) by telling the story of Penn's life and career. The beginning of this book concentrates on Penn's religion, from converting to Quakerism while attending Oxford to his persistence to spread his faith across Europe. Penn had chose to follow a career as a religious leader, Despite Admiral Penn's (Father) efforts to provide his oldest son with...
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...Joint-stock company: A joint-stock company was a group of people that, through a system of exchanging capital and shares, were able to finance the colonies. In the system, if one company bought ten shares out of a hundred from another company, then the company that bought those shares would get 10 percent of the other’s profit. The same goes for losses. Charter: A charter is an official granting of permission to do something like an expedition. In colonial times, the charter issued by King James I acted as the first and closest thing to a constitution for the two Virginia Companies’ proposed colonies. This is because it gave them granted them the right to settle in North America (by the Atlantic Coast) and gave them the rights and privileges that English people in England would have....
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...Voices of Freedom Week Two William Penn, Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges and Liberties (1701) 1) What are Penn’s arguments in favor of religious liberty? William Penn argument was to hold the spirit of God to make a live within all people, not just elect. It was also about the Bible, and the teachings of the clergy to offer the guidance in spiritual matters. Thus, the government could not enforce in religious worship in the colony. Penn principled the religious toleration, although office holding to Christians was limited. 2) Why does the document refer to “the right of the free born subjects of England? “Free born subjects of England” was the right where promises would be enjoyed by the colonists. For the well governing of the colonial territories and provinces, there was an Assembly yearly chosen by the freemen. The Assembly should have a power to choose Speakers and officers, prepare Bills in order to pass the Laws. It should have all powers and privileges for an Assembly, according to the rights of the free born subjects of England. Nathaniel Bacon on Bacon's Rebellion (1676) 1) What are the rebel's complaints against the government of Virginia? The government wasn't caring about the settlers welfare when it came to attacks brought on by the Native American's, and that was the complaint the rebel's had against the government of Virginia. 2) Do Bacon and his followers envision any place for Indians in Virginia society? In Bacon and his followers eyes they...
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...shortly after arriving to the region. The area was renamed New York, and it became the final puzzle piece in connecting England’s empire from New England down the coast to the Carolinas. Society of Friends/”Quakers” The Society of Friends, better known as Quakers, were a religious group who emphasized tolerance and peace. Quakers were unusually kind to natives, and their settlement in Pennsylvania became well known as being a haven for peaceful settler-native relations. The Quakers left England to get away from the Church of England and to avoid persecution. The Quakers refused military service and opposed violence in all forms. As a result, Pennsylvania had no military and was one of the most peaceful and tolerant American colonies. William...
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...the early 1600’s, the British joined the ranks of the French and Spanish by establishing their first American colony in Jamestown, Virginia. As time progressed, so did the numbers of colonies and their respective populations. Initially, the English were hoping to discover gold, but had no success. So the colonies became a means of gathering natural resources and an extension of British trade. Though conditions were harsh and the mortality rate was high, still, colonists were willing to risk their lives for the opportunities the new land promised. These privileges included land, religious freedom, and a political voice. Ideas of individualism and reason from the Enlightenment movement became the fundamental basis and driving factor for...
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...the New World. In one case, Anne Hutchinson and her followers could confirm to being expelled from the colony for introducing the concepts of God having decided one faith before birth which the equivalent of the Puritan clerics interpretation of the Bible being challenged by her is God wanting to be pleased by his followers by working and joining his church guidelines. However, not all colonies were emulating the Puritans harsh routine, in Roger Williams situation, who was a prior Puritan settler, helped to find Rhode Island colony where he fitted church and state separation because he notice the harm that Puritans society was making its citizens not question their idea of Gods teaching and the Church minister applying their ideas into civil courts or in legislative divisions of Boston. Plus, Lord Baltimore in Maryland and William Penn made religious toleration part of the basic law in their colonies. These three colonies placed The Rhode Island Charter of 1663, The Maryland Toleration Act of 1649, and the Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges of 1701in their own territory, which avowed religious toleration. In more detail, Pennsylvania gave security only to those who believed in God, therefore, only Christians could engage in government activities. The purpose of these religion tolerance policies were to increase population in the colonies, and as time elapse more religion toleration started to develop in the colonies. In an alternative universe, if King George the Third were to instill...
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...The Colonies Names #18 10 points The first colony I researched the name on was Jamestown. This colony was named after King James I. The next colony is New Hampshire was named after the English Country of Hampshire. The colony of Virginia was named after Queen Elizabeth 1 that said she was married to England. The colony Georgia was named after King George. He was the king during this colony’s founding. Pennsylvania was named by William Penn supposedly named after him. Definitions #24 20 points Indentured Servants-The workers right above slaves on the social scale. This job is for very little pay. Plantation- This is a farm that grew crops had workers or slaves and supported colonists. Slaves were African Americans. Charter-This is a...
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...later written constitutions, this document was not a constitution at all. It was a simple agreement to form a crude government and to submit to the will of the majority under the regulations agreed upon. The pact was a promising step toward genuine self-government, for soon the adult male settlers were assembling to make their own laws in open-discussion town meetings In their new settlement, the Pilgrims struggled to survive The Pilgrims’ first winter of 1620–1621 took a grisly toll. Only 44 out of the 102 survived. The next autumn, that of 1621, brought bountiful harvests and with them the first Thanksgiving Day in New England. The Pilgrims remained strong and determined to live in the Americas under one of their prominent leaders, William Bradford, who was a self-taught scholar who read Hebrew, Greek, Latin, French, and Dutch Quiet and quaint, the little colony of Plymouth was never important economically or numerically. Its population numbered only seven thousand by 1691, when it merged with its giant neighbor, the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Bay Colony Bible Commonwealth In England non-Separatist Puritans began to play a big role non-Separatist Puritans were not as extreme as the Pilgrims who traveled to Plymouth Rock, so they began to try to change the church from within They gained power through Parliament, eventually, but King Charles I dismissed Parliament in 1629, ending all of the non-Separatist Puritans’ work The non-Separatist Puritans looked elsewhere for the...
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...HISTORY 1301 United States History: Discovery to 1876 Handout # The Folkways of the Distinct English Groups that Colonize America David Hacket Fisher author of Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (1989) wrote his book to answer the great questions: “Where do we come from” Who are we? [and] Where are we going?” (Fisher. p. 3) “The answers to these questions grow more puzzling the more one thinks about them. We Americans are a bundle of paradoxes. We are mixed in our origins, and yet we are one people. Nearly all of us support our republican system, but we argue passionately among ourselves about its meaning. We live in an open society which is organized on the principles of voluntary action, but the determinants of that system are exceptionally constraining. Our society is dynamic, changing profoundly in every period of American history; but it is also remarkably stable. The search for the origins of this system is the central problem in American history. It is the subject of this book.”( Fisher. p. 4) The answer is to be found in the “folkways” which four specific groups of Englishmen brought with them to the New World. These folkways provide an empirical measure of the differences in their societies which have blended to form the “American way.” “The interplay of” the folkways of the four English speaking immigrant groups, especially their “ ‘freedom ways’ has created an expansive pluralism which is” peculiarly American. “That is the central...
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...Cyberbullying Imagine coming home from school and sitting at the computer to get away from the stress of the day. Within a few minutes you're bombarded with messages like "You're ugly…We hate you…Why don't you make us all happy and end your miserable life". Welcome to a world too many teenagers are facing. A world where bullying no longer takes place in the hallways at school or on the way home. Bullying is now more likely to takes place in the murky, often anonymous world of the Internet. About a third (31%) of all students ages 12-14 have been bullied online according to a study by Opinion Research Corporation (2006). This research paper will examine some of the reasons for "cyberbullying," and what may be done about it. What is Cyberbullying? Bill Belsey, President of Bullying.org Canada says, "Cyberbullying involves the use of information and communication technologies such as e-mail, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging, defamatory personal Web sites, and defamatory online personal polling Web sites, to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to harm others". Nancy Willard, author of "An Educators Guide to Cyberbullying and Cyberthreats" breaks down cyberbullying into the following categories: -Flaming. Online fights using electronic messages with angry or vulgar language. -Harassment. Repeatedly sending nasty, mean, an insulting messages. -Denigration. "Dissing" someone online. Sending or posting...
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...Headright System – land for population – people spread out 1608: French establish colony at Quebec. 1609: United Provinces establish claims in North America. 1614: Tobacco cultivation introduced in Virginia. – by Rolfe 1619: First African slaves brought to British America. 15. Virginia begins representative assembly – House of Burgesses 1620: Plymouth Colony is founded. - Mayflower Compact signed – agreed rule by majority • 1624 – New York founded by Dutch 1629: Mass. Bay founded – “City Upon a Hill” - Gov. Winthrop - Bi-cameral legislature, schools 1630: The Puritan Migration 1632: Maryland – for profit – proprietorship 1634 – Roger Williams banished from Mass. Bay Colony 1635: Connecticut founded 1636: Rhode Island is founded – by Roger Williams 23. Harvard College is founded • 1638 – Delaware founded – 1st church, 1st school • 1649 – Maryland Toleration Act – for Christains – latter repealed 1650-1696: The Navigation Acts are enacted by Parliament. - limited trade, put tax on items 1660 – Half Way Covenant – get people back into...
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...GAME CHANGE OBAMA AND THE CLINTONS, MCCAIN AND PALIN, AND THE RACE OF A LIFETIME JOHN HEILEMANN AND MARK HALPERIN FOR DIANA AND KAREN Contents Cover Title Page Prologue Part I Chapter One – Her Time Chapter Two – The Alternative Chapter Three – The Ground Beneath Her Feet Chapter Four – Getting to Yes Chapter Five – The Inevitables Chapter Six – Barack in a Box Chapter Seven – “They Looooove Me!” Chapter Eight – The Turning Point Chapter Nine – The Fun Part Chapter Ten – Two For the Price of One Chapter Eleven – Fear and Loathing in the Lizard’s Thicket Chapter Twelve – Pulling Away and Falling Apart Chapter Thirteen – Obama Agonistes Chapter Fourteen – The Bitter End Game Part II Chapter Fifteen – The Maverick and His Meltdown Chapter Sixteen – Running Unopposed Chapter Seventeen – Slipping Nooses, Slaying Demons Part III Chapter Eighteen – Paris and Berlin Chapter Nineteen – The Mile-High Club Chapter Twenty – Sarahcuda Chapter Twenty-One – September Surprise Chapter Twenty-Two – Seconds in Command Chapter Twenty-Three – The Finish Line Epilogue – Together at Last Index Author’s Notes About the Authors Copyright About the Publisher Prologue BARACK OBAMA JERKED BOLT upright in bed at three o’clock in the morning. Darkness enveloped his low-rent room at the Des Moines Hampton Inn; the airport across the street was quiet in the hours before dawn. It was very late December 2007, a few days ahead of the Iowa caucuses. Obama had been sprinting flat out...
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...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS INTRODUCTION Why merge? Why sell? A division of a company might no longer fit into larger corp’s plans, so corp sells division Infighting between owners of corp. Sell and split proceeds Incompetent management or ownership Need money Business is declining (e.g. a buggywhip company) Industry-specific conditions Economies of scale BASIC DEFINITIONS: MERGER: Owners of separate, roughly equal sized firms pool their interests in a single firm. Surviving firm takes on the assets and liabilities of the selling firm. PURCHASE: Purchasing firm pays for all the assets or all the stock of the selling firm. Distinction between a purchase and a merger depends on the final position of the shareholders of the constituent firms. TAKEOVER: A stock purchase offer in which the acquiring firm buys a controlling block of stock in the target. This enables purchasers to elect the board of directors. Both hostile and friendly takeovers exist. FREEZE-OUTS (also SQUEEZE-OUTS or CASH-OUTS): Transactions that eliminate minority SH interests. HORIZONTAL MERGERS: Mergers between competitors. This may create monopolies. Government responds by enacting Sherman Act and Clayton Act VERTICAL MERGERS: Mergers between companies which operate at different phases of production (e.g. GM merger with Fisher Auto Body.) Vertical mergers prevents a company from being held up by a supplier or consumer of goods. LEVERAGED BUYOUTS (LBOs): A private...
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...THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES EDITED BY CHARLES W ELIOT LLD P F COLLIER & SON COMPANY, NEW YORK (1909) INTRODUCTORY NOTE BENJAMIN FRANKLIN was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son. His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who published the "New England Courant." To this journal he became a contributor, and later was for a time its nominal editor. But the brothers quarreled, and Benjamin ran away, going first to New York, and thence to Philadelphia, where he arrived in October, 1723. He soon obtained work as a printer, but after a few months he was induced by Governor Keith to go to London, where, finding Keith's promises empty, he again worked as a compositor till he was brought back to Philadelphia by a merchant named Denman, who gave him a position in his business. On Denman's death he returned to his former trade, and shortly set up a printing house of his own from which he published "The Pennsylvania Gazette," to which he contributed many essays, and which he made a medium for agitating a variety of local reforms. In 1732 he began to issue his famous "Poor Richard's Almanac" for the enrichment of which he borrowed or composed those pithy utterances of worldly wisdom which are the 1 basis of a large part of his popular reputation...
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