...Lab 4: Edge Detection in Images A. Background Information Edge detection is a common, but very important method for analyzing images. It can be used to help identify objects in a scene or features of an object. It is widely used in biometrics security applications to identify facial features or fingerprints. The example below shows the process of edge detection applied to a picture of a bike next to a brick wall. As can be seen, edge detection easily shows the outline of the bike, the bricks in the wall, and even the writing on the bike. | | Edge Detection Example: Original Image (left) and Edge Detected Image (right) | So how does edge detection work? The first step in understanding the process is to understand what an edge is in an image. If you were to look at the values of in an image along a single row or column, you would see something that looks like this: Bricks Bricks Grout Lines Grout Lines This is actually the graph of the pixel values from the first row of the original picture shown above. What you are seeing here are the individual dark colored bricks that make up the top border of the image. The bricks themselves are the lower and relatively flat sections, while the lighter colored grout between the bricks is represented by the sharp peaks. With this understanding, we can see that an edge (a sharp change in color) is represented by a large change in the pixel value. In order to locate the areas that have these drastic changes...
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...Article 9: Keeping them on the edge of their seats (Classroom management). By: Ann Gazin In her article titles “Keeping them on the edge of their seats (Classroom Management), author Ann Gazin writes on the issue of having a well-managed class while keeping students engaged and not bored. She points out that having a perfectly silent classroom might not be what we should strive for, but rather a classroom where the children can, “…explore, create and experiment.” She gives 6 tips on how to have a well-managed, active classroom; Strike the balance, set the rules at the start, have consistency, keep your cool, set up your space, and seek outside help. Striking the balance between your control and the students’ control is a big line to draw. Gazin says, “…Too much stimulation can lead to chaos. But too much control rob youngsters of their innate curiosity and exuberance.” Let the kids see that you are passionate about your subject, and it will pass on to them. Setting your rules at the start is key to letting the students know exactly what is expected of them as soon as they come into the classroom. One interesting point that Gazin brings up is allowing the students help in the rule making process. She says, “When students feel they have helped to establish the rules, they are more invested in them.” Along with setting your rules is being consistent in enforcing them. Being consistent and fair in your discipline is a must. Gazin points out that you will have those students...
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...Edge detection using Fuzzy Logic and Automata Theory Title Page By Takkar Mohit Supervisor A Thesis Submitted to In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Electronics & Communication December 2014 . Table of Contents Title Page i CERTIFICATE ii COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATE iii THESIS APPROVAL CERTIFICATE iv DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY v Acknowledgment vi Table of Contents vii List of Figures x Abstract xiii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Edge Detection: Analysis 3 1.1.1 Fuzzy Logic in Image Processing 4 1.1.2 Fuzzy Logic for Edge Detection 5 1.1.3 Cellular Learning Automata 6 Chapter 2 Literature Review 7 2.1 Edge Detection: Methodology 7 2.1.1 First Order Derivative Edge Detection 7 2.1.1.1 Prewitts Operator 7 2.1.1.2 [pic] Sobel Operator 8 2.1.1.3 Roberts Cross Operator 11 2.1.1.4 Threshold Selection 11 2.1.2 Second Order Derivative Edge Detection 11 2.1.2.1 Marr-Hildreth Edge Detector 11 2.1.2.2 Canny Edge Detector 12 2.1.3 Soft Computing Approaches to Edge Detection 13 2.1.3.1 Fuzzy Based Approach 14 2.1.3.2 Genetic Algorithm Approach 14 2.1.4 Cellular Learning Automata 15 Chapter 3 Fuzzy Image Processing 18 3.1 Need for Fuzzy Image Processing 19 3.2 Introduction to Fuzzy sets and Crisp sets 20 3.2.1 Classical sets (Crisp sets) 20 3.2.2 Fuzzy sets 21 3.3 Fuzzification 22 3.4 Membership Value Assignment 22 3.5...
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...1. According to Little’s law, under process 1, the average processing time would be 500 / 1000 = 0.5 month or 0.5*30 = 15 days. Under process 2, the average requests undergoing processing is LIR + LA + LB = 375. So, the average processing time is 375 / 1000 = 11.25 days. Therefore, the average processing time was reduced. For approved requests, we can calculate the average processing time as (200*0.25*0.7 + 200*0.25*0.10 + 25*0.7 + 150*0.10) / 200 = 0.3625 = 10.875 days. Hence, we see that the processing time for approved requests did improve. 2. According to the critical path method the first step should be to identify the different activities. In this case we have 15 weeks in the semester, to complete the whole 15 cases. Description Read Case Gather Data Search Literature Load in Data Run Computer Analysis Write/type case Time (days) 1 4 3 1 4 4 Precedence None Read case Read Case Gather Data Load in Data Search Literature & Run According to the critical path developed Task 1, 2 and 3 would take 3 week to finish, task 4 and 5 would take another week to finish and task 6 takes 1 more week to finish. In conclusion the whole project would take approximately, 14 weeks to finish...
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...“What can you see?” asked the person at the other end of the line. “I mean, really. Where are you?” Gloria hung up. You weren’t supposed to hang up. When Gloria went for the job at the call centre she was shy. She tried to make herself shrink. She wore a loose black top, a dark brown skirt and flat shoes. The call centre was a square box between roundabouts on the edge of a ring road just outside Newcastle. It was clever, she thought, the way it seemed to have no windows when in fact from the inside you could see out. If Gloria stood up she could see some bullocks in a narrow field. She liked the way they changed position, arranging themselves like compositions for her benefit, sometimes running up and down the field shaking their young wild heads. It was unusual to have a view in this kind of work. Most people sat in cubicles, boxed in by thin screens. The job interview had been hurried and officious. So many people didn’t stay, the interviewer said. What were her plans? “I’ve left school,” she said, “my family is here. I’ve got no plans to go anywhere.” The truth was she didn’t know. She had passed exams. She could go to university if she wanted, but she couldn’t imagine sleeping in a narrow bed in a strange town. Her parents told her to take things slowly, to take a year to think about what she wanted, to dream a little. Friends from school were going to Mexico, to dig ditches in China, build schools in Malawi, but Gloria had never been on an aeroplane, and she was...
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...added a lot of suspense for anyone who had been watching since The Governor was first introduced. Seeing him standing outside the prison, watching Rick, Carl, Hershel, and Michonne, left the audience questioning what was going to happen next. The next couple answered those answered through flashbacks then finally the final episode before the mid-season finale picked up with him outside the fences. Showing him not shoot Michonne or Rick immediately at the end of the fifth episode, then showing how he was abandoned and taken in by a family he seemed to grow attached to in the next two episodes led me to believe that perhaps The Governor had changed. I was certainly wrong by the end of the eighth episode but the way it was shown had me on the edge of my seat the whole...
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...Advertisements Sponsored Users IMI.NewDelhi 131 Posts • Follow misbpgpb 151 Posts • Follow (Photo credit: Orin Zebest) If it was so, it might be; and if it were so, it would be; but as it isn't, it ain't. That's logic. Tweedledee in Lewis Carolls Through the Looking Glass. If the above line confused you, trust me you are not alone. Even God can vanish in a puff of logic. To know how, you can probably jump to the end of this post. To those who choose not to skip let us discuss a few common types of Logical Reasoning problems. Type 1: Cube problems A cube is given with an edge of unit N. It is painted on all faces. It is cut into smaller cubes of edge of unit n. How many cubes will have x faces painted? In these types of questions, the first thing that we need to figure out is the number of smaller cubes. For this, we look at one particular edge of the big cube and figure out how many smaller cubes can fit into this. It will be N/n. So, the number of smaller cubes will be (N/n)3 A cube has 6 faces and none of the smaller cubes will have all faces painted. As a matter of fact, none of the smaller cubes will have even 5 or 4 faces painted. The maximum number of faces, which will be painted on a smaller cube, will be www.pagalguy.com/news/cubes-matchsticks-logical-reasoning-tricks-cat-2011-a-8786850 1/6 10/15/13 Of Cubes and Matchsticks - Logical Reasoning Tricks for CAT 2011 : PaGaLGuY News & Channels 3. This...
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...1. Who are the founders of kaingin? An English block (professor: Mr. Bing Polo) of Batch 1984. It was started in their first year of college (1981). Started as an immersion/exposure activity, initially as a requirement by Mr. Polo, then the insertions became a regular thing (not weekly initially, but intermittently) for some members of the class. The group that continued to go on insertions invited friends from other classes and the group grew. The following year, Mr. Polo required another exposure trip for his English class, and some people from that batch joined the upperclassmen who went regularly. Eventually it became a weekly thing (Saturdays). Midweek, we would have a prayer/sharing session, conducted by our Spiritual Advisor, Denny Toledo, who eventually became a Jesuit priest some time after we graduated. 2. Why was it started? What brought these people together? *see above 3. How did the idea of building an organization start? *see above 4. When did Kaingin officially become an org in ateneo? Not known--orgs were not official/formal during our time. 5. Roughly how many members did kaingin have when it was just started as an org? One English block during the required insertion; members of that class who stuck around and continued going were around 10 maybe. Then they were joined by friends. 6. How did the area insertions work during that time? Every Saturday morning, 3-4 hours (8-12nn). The kids would be there in one area (parang activity center ng barangay) and...
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...except Max Dyer. Max is a talented programmer, but he's terrible in the interpersonal skills department. So terrible, in fact, that three years ago Lynne reworked his job after employees complained that he was unengaged and even belligerent. Since then, he's been a solid worker, putting in extra hours and meriting good performance evaluations. But recently, Max's coworkers have noticed a change for the worse in him. True, everyone at MMI is on edge after a round of layoffs, but Max's behavior seems like more than a case of the jitters. To make matters worse, reports of a workplace shooting in Seattle are all over the news. Paige overhears Max shouting at someone on the phone. George finds Max pinning up a certificate from a shooting range in his cubicle, and Nicole, who worries they will all end up as statistics of office violence, wants to know how Lynne plans to ensure their safety. When Lynne tries to talk to Max, it's clear he thinks his coworkers are out to get him. And the truth is, they believe he fits the profile of a man on the edge. But what can Lynne do about an employee who has never made so much as a veiled threat to anyone? Commentators James Alan Fox, a professor of criminal justice at Northeastern University; Steve Kaufer, a cofounder of the Workplace Violence Research Institute; Christine Pearson, a management professor at Thunderbird; Christine Porath, a professor of management and organizational behavior at the University of Southern California's Marshall School...
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...Hot Sunny Day One Sunday morning, hot, and humid sunny day. I woke up, because the sun hits my eyes, and because of that, my window shade fall off. Clearly, I could see it was on my dirty floor. There was a rat sleeping on it. I didn't plan to move the rat, because I was so tried that I couldn't move. I was sitting on the edge of my bed. I stared out at the wall for at less an hour. Then I looked down. As I'm moving down with my eyes. My eyes were so slow that I felt that I'm like a robot. When I tried to get myself up, as I moved away from the edge of the bed. My boxer was like a glue, clinching onto my bed sheet. I would had to use some muscle in order to get it off. It was tricky because my body was sweaty and sticky. I got it off, then I found out that my bed sheet has a yellow mark where I just sat on. It was yellow and it smelled bad. It smelled like a dirty swamp. I almost punk but, I held in. I got into the bathroom. The moment I opened the door, I jumped because there was a girl who was half naked with her head sticking into the toilet. The floor was covered in blood and the sink as well. I had no idea what was going on. I closed the door awkwardly and said, “Please take your...
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...sunrise. Atop the highest of the Vilorian Mountains, the city of Astral stood silent against the ringing of silver trumpets from the north highlands. The travelers crossing the last of the mountains rocky crossings took in the scene from under the fruits of a Bombaly tree, standing colossal at one hundred meters in height. Petty fruits the size of a child’s fist lay strewn about under its goliath canopy, dripping with ruby red nectar. The morning wind was crisp and slightly harsh, a sign to all that the winter seasons were coming with quickness. The trail leading up to the city was a four day expedition from the coast, and it had been a taxing journey for all in company. From where he lingered on the edge of the vast mountain Cyril looked down upon the Port of Themme, twenty leagues off. The brilliant light of the day lit up the ocean and surrounded all with a dazzling view of the great maritime reefs that stretched as far as the eye could see. The vastness of the blue ocean always seemed to enlighten Cyril when it stared up at him from the deep, and like always, he treasured the view for a fleeting moment. But with great beauty comes great sorrow, and at that moment the reality of the daunting mission he was on got the better of him, turning his gaze southwards to his...
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...wings to beat the gray cub. Unfortunately, the gray cub had to give up for the food, and he left. He was walking beside a river, and then he decided to go to another side of the river. However, during his middle way of crossing the river, he was washed away by the strong flow. He could not do anything in river, but finally the water sent him to a shore side. After feeling better, he started walking again. He went through a jungle, and then found a small weasel. He beat the small weasel by using his claws, but when he wanted to try second time, the mom weasel jumped over and sticks her laws into the gray cub’s neck. In the first place, the gray cub wanted to fight back, but he could not. His roar turned out to become crying. He was in the edge of death, but finally his mother, the she wolf, showed up. The she-wolf had a big fight with the mom-weasel, but finally the mom-weasel...
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...Michael's son. All the children were playing on all the rides and having a good time. In the afternoon, Michael emphatically announced to all the children that the Fantasy Land was closed. After the hired attendants cleared the park of children and moved them to Michael’s home, the attendants all left. While other children and their parents were inside Michael's house eating cake and watching the birthday boy opening presents, Tommy sneaked out an unlocked the door leading to the amusement park. While Michael was in the kitchen getting more ice cream for the party, he looked out the window in the house and saw Tommy get on the Floaty Boat Ride. While Tommy was getting onto the ride, he stood up and fell into the water, hitting his head on the edge. Tommy sustained a large laceration to his head, and then sank below the surface of the water. Michael ran out and pulled Tommy out of the water. When Tommy arrived at the hospital, Doctor prescribed improper medication that resulted in some permanent brain damage to Tommy. Tommy, through an appointed guardian, has sued Michael. What legal claim and defenses should be asserted in the suit by Tommy against Michael? Against Doctor?...
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...The plot starts with a boy entering the alley with a gum in his mouth, he is a litter bug he was throwing stuff on the streets. he sees the sign DO NOT LITTER. “huh, do not litter. Doesn’t matter if I litter something this doesn’t make the whole city dirty. Stupid signs” He then sits on the bench and sticks his gum out under the chair. leaves his cap nd He while singing baby. Scene 2 An old women sits on the bench and waits for the bus. As she puts her hand on the sides to stand up she gets gum sticking on it. She gives some very convincing advices to audience and a few curse words, later sticking the gum only at the edge of the bin Scene 3 A man of 40 yo comes with the mug of coffee and is talking online on skype to his manager and as he is about to throw his mug at the bin the gum sticks his shirt sleeves. “OH my God” he than looks at his phone “Im sorry Roger give me a minute please.” He rubs the gum on the wall and looks at his phone again “ these people are illiterate this city is dirty, I am considering a transfer. It is very disappointing. Arghhh” Scene 4 2 girls enter talking with psters in their hands 1 “the world’s finest MBA’s are coming to our conference” 2nd “I know. This will be very amazing. We should distribute invitations. 1st “should we mail?” 2nd “ yea we should mail them today” They start putting posters on and one of the girl sees the gum “AHHH stupid boys!” They get the gum out with the help of the scale and cleans off at the bench and leave...
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...BallBounce: A simple game app In this tutorial, you will learn about animation in App Inventor by making a Ball (a sprite) bounce around on the screen (on a Canvas). Name the Project Call it something like "BallBounce". Remember, no spaces. But underscores are OK. Start a New Project If you have another project open, go to My Projects menu and choose New Project. Add a Canvas From the Drawing and Animation drawer, drag out a Canvas component and drop it onto the viewer. BallBounce: A simple game app - 1 BallBounce: A simple game app - 2 Set the Screen so that it does not scroll The default setting for App Inventor is that the screen of your app will be "scrollable", which means that the user interface can go beyond the limit of the screen and the user can scroll down by swiping their finger (like scrolling on a web page). When you are using a Canvas, you have to turn off the "Scrollable" setting (UNCHECK THE BOX) so that the screen does not scroll. This will allow you to make the Canvas to fill up the whole screen. Change the Height and Width of the Canvas to Fill Parent Make sure the Canvas component is selected (#1) so that its properties show up in the Properties Pane (#2). Down at the bottom, set the Height property to "Fill Parent". Do the same with the Width property. BallBounce: A simple game app - 3 BallBounce: A simple game app - 4 Add a Ball Now that we have a Canvas in place, we can add a Ball Sprite. This can also be found in...
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