...the reduced risk of breast cancer among women. Today, lecithin is taken mainly as an additional supplement to the diet to increase health benefits. Lecithin contains phosphatidylcholine, which particularly offers the health benefit. In the body, phosphatidylcholine is made into choline, an essential micronutrient, used by cells to help restore membrane walls and to aid in lipid synthesis. Although choline can be found in many foods, the typical American diet generally does not produce enough to maintain healthy cells. In fact, without enough choline in the diet, bodily cells cannot keep themselves alive, resulting in cell death and eventually carcinogenesis. To prevent this, it has been recommended that choline be supplemented to reach the RDA of 425mg/ day for adult women. In this study, 3101 cases were monitored of women with breast cancer from ages 25-74. They were then compared with another set of 3471 women without breast cancer of the same age. The women without breast cancer were asked a series of questions including risk factors, food intake, and food frequency. They were asked what foods were typically eaten, what supplements they took regularly, and how long they had been taking them for. It was discovered that the women in the control group whose diet included lecithin had a lower percentages of breast cancer, despite those who were in greater risk of developing it. Works Cited Boucher, Beatrice A.. "Lecithin Supplements and Breast Cancer Risk." Epidemiology:...
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...Every women needs to know the facts the facts when it comes to breast cancer, every women is at risk. “Breast cancer is a multi-dynamic disease which affects the patient, the patient’s family, and society in various ways.” People should care about breast cancer because it kills men and women. It takes your friends and family members away. Now that breast cancer is being detected at an earlier stage, women are able to be treated before the cancer gets worse. Learning how many women get breast cancer and how many women die each year from the terrible disease shows me that getting and mammogram early they can detect the cancer and ultimate save women and men lives. I will be discussing about how breast cancer affects the patient, the patient’s family and society. Breast cancer can affect people in many different ways. Finding out that you have breast cancer can cause you stress like uncertainly of your future, the unpredictability of the cancer, disability, and financial difficulties. You can also be stress out about your physical appearance after a mastectomy. Losing your hair after chemotherapy, and your skin changing from the radiation therapy. You feel that everybody is going to look at you differently because you have cancer. Common signs of stress are disturbed sleep, fatigue, body aches, pain, anxiety, irritability, tension, and headaches. You can reduce stress by keep a positive attitude, accept that there are events you cannot control, be assertive instead of aggressive...
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...“You have breast cancer”; four words a woman wished never to hear, and hopes no other woman ever has to hear as well. Breast cancer is a very scary thing; it not only affects women physically but can damage them in other ways. There can be many underlying long term effects to breast cancer such as: emotional changes, depression, lower self esteem, everyday lifestyle changes, and family changes. Everything for a woman changes- the instant she is diagnosed with cancer. She feels many emotions all at once. A women’s lifestyle completely takes a bug turn all together and so does the lives of her loved ones. Breast cancer has been around for quite a while now and has been affecting women for many years to this day. Breast cancer has been affecting women’s lives since the 17th century. Many physicians had different theories to the cause of breast cancer. Some believed that it was caused by a chemical process that transformed the lymphatic fluids from acidic to acrid. Another theory from a physician in Paris suggested it was caused from nerve and glandular tissue mixed with the lymph vessels. Many years later in the 19th and 20th century surgery was available to women with breast cancer. During this time antiseptic, anesthesia, and blood transfusions were developed, which made it possible for surgery. New technology has now made is possible for women to early diagnosis and have a bigger possibility for survival. Breast cancer is an extremely big issue in our society. There are many...
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...CANCER INFORMATION PAPER HCA/240 CANCER INFORMATION PAPER The paper will reflect on breast cancer, A breast is made up of three main parts: glands, ducts, and connective tissue. The glands produce milk. The ducts are passages that carry milk to the nipple. The connective tissue (which consists of fibrous and fatty tissue) connects and holds everything together I will talk about the cause and risk factors of breast cancer, ways to try to prevent and how to get early detection. I will be speaking about the effects of your health related to breast cancer as well as treatment options for breast cancer. Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women all over the world. Breast cancer does not discriminate of race or ethnics. In reading this paper, you will see that more than 502,000 women are killed in a year from breast cancer. In 2007, more than 47,000 women died from breast cancer. Unfortunately, there are some risk factors for breast cancer that are not under your control, but learning as much as you can about them is something that should be taken into consideration. Cause and Risk Factors for Breast Cancer While we do not yet know exactly what causes breast cancer, we do know that certain risk factors are linked to the disease. A risk factor is something that affects your chance of getting a disease such as cancer. Different cancers have different risk factors. Some risk factors, such as smoking, drinking, and diet are linked...
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...Breast Cancer Genetic diseases are widespread. Cancer is a genetic disease and is a major cause of death. Cancer is caused by mutations within the genome that result in the development of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes which both cause the uncontrolled proliferation of cells in opposed ways. The oncogenes are mutated genes that in their pre-mutated state, promote cell replication. However, due to the mutation, these oncogenes cause either enhanced expression or altered nature of protein products. Tumor suppressor genes (‘TSG’) are mutant genes that normally restrain cell growth. It is the most common cause of death for women with statistics showing one in 13 Australian women who live to the age of 74 will be diagnosed with it sometime during their lifetime. This essay will discuss the nature of breast cancer, the factors causing breast cancer with an emphasis on familial inheritance, methods for testing for breast cancer and available treatments. The prevalence of breast cancer and the high mortality rate especially for women above the age of 70 signifies a need for increased awareness in the community both for prevention and support for those affected by this destructive disease. Cells make up many different parts of the body – skin, bones, brain, heart, and breasts. These cells are replaced when they become old or injured by replication at varying rates depending on the part of the body. The replication process is regulated by genes that code for proteins which increases...
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...Prevention of Breast Cancer Abstract Background Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American women according to the National Cancer Institute. Breast cancer research has found no cure and treatments vary in effectiveness. Objectives This paper will review some of the various conventional and natural prevention methods of breast cancer and evaluate the effectiveness and risks of each. Methods/Design Published studies on early detection , non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical activity and diet were reviewed. Opposing studies and risks of each were also sought and reviewed. Major Findings All methods were found to have a positive effect on reducing the risk of breast cancer except for early detection. All methods were also found to have a negative effect on breast cancer risk or have risks of other health problems except for physical activity and thermography. Conclusion Studies show that early detection does not prevent breast cancer and moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of breast cancer. All other methods have conflicting studies . Early Detection: Early detection is the most recommend method for the prevention of breast cancer, however it does not prevent breast cancer but studies show it can reduce the death rate of breast cancer. Mammography the most used and accurate form of non-evasive early detection will be examined in this paper as well as thermography, a new alternative to mammogram screenings. ...
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...Breast Cancer If a woman were to be diagnosed with breast cancer 15 years ago, it was most likely that she wouldn’t survive. There wasn’t much knowledge of the subject then leaving doctors clueless in how to treat the matter. With all of the technology of today, the medical world has made so much progress in treating breast cancer and looking for a cure. Breast cancer is a potentially fatal disease that affects many lives. It can impact the lives of not only the women who have contracted the disease, but also their friends and families. There are much technological advancement made every day in the fight to find a cure however, by educating women on the subject, utilizing tools for early detection, and improving treatments, the survival rate has increased and many cases have even been prevented from happening. Cancer is not just one disease but rather a group of diseases. All forms of cancer causes cells in the body to change and grow out of control. Most types of cancer cells form a lump or mass called a tumor. Cells from the tumor can break away and travel to other parts of the body where they can continue to grow, (American Cancer Society). When a woman gets breast cancer, it is a malignant tumor that has developed in the breast tissue. The cancer cells have the ability to spread to the underarm lymph nodes from which they are more likely to spread to other organs in the body. Benign tumors (non-cancerous), do not have the ability to spread and are not life...
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...Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a disease that is becoming more and more popular in this day of age. One in every eight women is diagnosed with breast cancer (Breast Cancer, 2010). Women and men who suffer from breast cancer not only are fighting cancer but are also fighting the psychological aspects of the disease. Breast Cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer among women in the United States right behind skin cancer. Women are now surviving breast cancer a lot more frequently because of the treatments out there to help. In 2008, the number of breast cancer survivors was 2.5 million (Breast Cancer, 2010). The numbers of survivors is an increasing state because the research and treatments are growing. There are many ways of becoming aware of breast cancer. It is very important for people to recognize that breast cancer is not just found in women. One percent of men are diagnosed with breast cancer. Even though men are diagnosed with breast cancer people consider it as the cancer for women. Men are often unaware of having breast cancer, but the men who are being diagnosed with breast cancer are wishing people would stop stereotyping it as a women’s disease. “It is not surprising that men are less than keen to be open about their diagnosis when the media and cancer charities concentrate their efforts on women,” said William Robertson Steele. Men have breast and are just as capable as having breast cancer, just not as common (Steele, 2009). This disease...
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...issue of cancer in the body, focusing mainly on breast cancer in women of any age. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer that is developed in women of all ages. The first being all types of skin cancers. It is estimated that one in eight women in America will develop an invasive form of breast cancer in their lifetime, but one in thirty-six women will die from the breast cancer. Breast cancer has the second highest death rate of cancers in women, besides lung cancer which is almost always fatal. According to the American Cancer Society, they predict that almost 40,000 women will die from breast cancer and about 230,000 new cases will be diagnosed in women this year alone. Scientists are continuing to search for a cure and prevention of this horrible disease because of these ridiculously high numbers. Although nobody has found a definite answer for the cause of breast cancer or any cancers in general, there are many risk factors that are thought to increase your chances of developing cancer. Some people are born with genetic mutations that cause the cells in your body to multiply faster and more aggressive than normal. It is also hereditary, meaning if a family member had breast cancer in the past, specifically one's mother or grandmother, you are more likely to get the cancer. Other people, however, acquire these gene mutations possibly by radiation or cancer causing chemicals. Age can also be a factor in who gets the cancer. Over 80% of all cases of breast cancer are...
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...studies through May 2005. Study Selection: Previous systematic reviews; randomized, controlled trials; and observational studies. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers. Data Synthesis: In addition to publications from the original mammography trials, 117 studies were included in the review. Metaanalyses of randomized, controlled trials demonstrate a 7% to 23% reduction in breast cancer mortality rates with screening mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age. Screening mammography is associated with an increased risk for mastectomy but a decreased risk for adjuvant chemotherapy and hormone therapy. The risk for death due to breast cancer from the radiation exposure involved in mammography screening is small and is outweighed by a reduction in breast cancer mortality rates from early detection. Rates of falsepositive results are high (20% to 56% after 10 mammograms), but false-positive results have little effect on psychological health or subsequent mammography adherence. Although many women report pain at the time of the mammography, few see pain as a deterrent to future screening. Evidence about the effect of negative screening mammography on...
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...old women named Libby contracts breast cancer for the second time. In Libby’s journey throughout her treatment she discovers many physical, social, psychological and spiritual issues which affect her overall well-being. This paper will discuss how important it is for nurses to give the best treatment possible; during, between and after therapy. It will also discuss the risks of developing this cancer and how important it is to find the condition early to promote a healthier recovery (Australian Government, 2012). Reducing Risks All women want to know what they can do to lower their risk of breast cancer. Some factors which contribute to breast cancer are your age, being a woman and your genetics. These factors cannot be changed but many other factors can, such as maintaining a healthy weight, not smoking, eating nutritious food and limiting alcohol consumption. By making healthier lifestyle choices the risk of breast cancer is decreased (National Breast Cancer Centre, 2006). In Australia, breast cancer is the most common cancer; one in nine women will be diagnosed with breast cancer by the age of 85. Just being a woman is the biggest risk factor for developing breast cancer. There are approximately 13,000 women diagnosed with breast cancer each year in Australia, and men may also develop breast cancer but it is extremely rare (Cancer Council Australia, 2007). Age is another important factor, the risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer increases as you get older. In...
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...Speaking Assignment 7 Breast Cancer Breast Cancer is the most common cancer among American women. One in every eight women in the United States develops breast cancer. There are many types of breast cancer that differ in their capability of spreading (metastasizing) to other body tissues. The causes of breast cancer are not yet fully known although a number of risk factors have been identified. There are many different types of breast cancer. They are Tubular Carcinoma, Medullary Carcinoma, Mucinous Carcinoma, Papillary Carcinoma, and Cribriform Carcinoma. Breast Cancer is diagnosed with physician and self-examination of the breasts, mammography, ultra sound testing, and biopsy. Treatments of breast cancer includes chemotherapy, and radiation. Depending on the stage your cancer is in will let the oncologist know what type of treatment you need. Your breast can be painful because of the lump, you may also notice a bloody discharge from your nipple. Over 200,000 new cases of invasive breast cancer are diagnosed each yearly nearly 40,000 women are expected to die of breast cancer in 2012. There are over 2.5 million breast cancer survivors in the United States. Hutchinson Center researchers are reducing breast cancer incidence and death by identifying risk factors for the disease. Developing new methods of detecting its presence and helping to predict health outcomes based on a woman’s genetics and other factors. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy...
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...Breast Cancer Diona Curtis SPEECH 200 October 21, 2013 Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that develops in the breast. It occurs when a malignant tumor starts in the cells of the breast. A malignant tumor is a group of cancer cells that invade surrounding tissues and can spread to other areas of the body. There are two forms of breast cancer, invasive and non-invasive. Invasive cancer is the serious form of breast cancer. Invasive cancer is when the cells break out of the breast area and begins to invade other tissue surrounding it. Eventually, the cells make their way to other parts of the body such as bone and organs; which is called metastasis. The abnormal cells can travel through the bloodstream and our lymph system early-on or later. Non-invasive cancer is when the cells have not left its place of origin yet. Non-invasive cancer can also be referred to as “pre-cancerous”. It can be referred to that because although it is has not left its origin, it can eventually develop into invasive cancer. Cancer can spread three different ways: tissue, lymph system, and the blood. The signs and symptoms of breast cancer vary depending on the body of the patient. The symptoms can only be felt by the patient and described to the doctor or nurse according to what they are feeling. A sign is when the patient and other people can detect a problem. Usually the first symptoms signs and symptoms of breast cancer are pain, headaches, and a lump. Other possible early signs...
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...Breast Cancer COM/172 September 3, 2013 Frank Nainoa, MA/Communications Breast Cancer Breast Cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers in women. According to “American Cancer Society” (2013) “one out of eight women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. For 2013, it is estimated about 232,340 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed and 39,620 women will die from this cancer” (2013). In this paper I plan to explain how early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are a prominent key to a woman’s survival. Early detection has proven helpful to many women in the fight against breast cancer. An important element in aiding women in finding abnormalities is self breast examinations. A self breast examination is an examination a woman conducts on herself by looking and examining her breast. Women should be aware of any change in size or shape, dimpling, or indentation in the breast. Any inversion of the nipple or discharge should be evaluated by a physician. Women typically start doing self breast examinations in their early twenties. Examinations are generally conducted once a month after a women’s menstrual cycle. Most women do these examinations in the shower or while getting dressed. Knowing what is normal is the first defense in finding abnormalities. The next helpful examination in early detection is a clinical breast examination. A clinical breast examination is much like a self breast examination a woman would do at home, the difference is the...
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...Breast Cancer There are different types of cancer one can be in risk of. The focus here today is on breast cancer. There are different factors that can contribute to your risk of breast cancer however there are also ways to avoid becoming one of those statistics. That is why women should not take breast cancer lite, but instead focus on ways to avoid this deadly disease. A risk factor is anything that effect one chances of getting a particular disease. Not all disease can be controlled. Those that are not controllable include genetics or family history, and environmental exposures or behaviors that have occurred in the past. Those that are controllable are the current and future environmental exposures, such as tobacco smoke or other chemicals. Those whom are at a risk for breast cancer are women age 20 to 39 with no family history of breast cancer, women between age 40 to 49 with no family history of breast cancer and women under age 50 with risk factors for breast cancer (such as family history) and women 50 to 70 and women over age 70. Each of these women ranging in different age groups is required to have a breast examination. Although cancer can often be treated, in most cases the treatment is only partially effective. Some even develop cancer after they have done everything right to avoid becoming one of the statistic....
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