... | |Program |Foundation in Science | |Unit code |FHSB1214 | |Unit description |Biology I | |Year and trimester of study |2015, Trimester 1 | |Title of lab report |Investigation of the effects of different catalytic conditions on hydrogen peroxide | | |decomposition | |Lecturer’s name |Ms.Ting Jen Ching...
Words: 1476 - Pages: 6
...head: LAB 5: INVESTIGATING AN ENZYME-CATALYZED REACTION Lab 5: Investigating an Enzyme-Catalyzed Reaction September 24, 2014 Principles of Biology 120.601 Mrs. Annemarie Duncan Abstract: (Burmania) This experiment was performed in order to examine ways in which a potato catalase enzyme reacts to various assays with differing variables. To do so a baseline assay (undiluted extract and room temperature H2O2) was used within the experiment with only one other variable changed in the other assays. These variables included a boiled, frozen and then thawed, and frozen potato extract and dH2O instead of the potato extract. It was noted that the temperature and or way the potato extract was prepared effects how the enzyme with the potato will react. Therefore the results of each assay varied, suggesting there is more than one way that a catalyzed reaction can occur. Introduction: (Burmania) The main purpose for this experiment was to explore how an enzyme catalase caused a reaction to catalyze through doing various assays using potato extracts. Enzymes are catalysts that are crucial in helping to speed up reactions, and catalase is a common enzyme found in almost every living organism that is exposed to oxygen. For this experiment, potatoes were used because they were previously known to have significant catalase activity. The potato catalase was mixed with hydrogen peroxide because the catalase helps to breakdown the hydrogen peroxide which helps determine how long...
Words: 1565 - Pages: 7
...variety of enzymes which involved in different metabolic reaction. Peroximoses were named because of its enzyme contains that usually remove hydrogen atoms from particular organic substrates with molecular oxygen. This oxidative reaction will produce hydrogen peroxide. [pic] However, during “peroxidative” reaction (H2O2 + R′ H2 → R′ + 2H2O), catalase (an enzyme in peroxisomes) will capitalize on the H2O2 produced by other enzymes in the organelle, in order to oxidize other substrates such as phenols, formic acid, formaldehyde, and alcohol. These reaction were quite important in kidney and liver cells, because the peroxisomes responsible to detoxify different toxic molecules that enter the bloodstream. In addition, when excess H2O2 was generated in the cell, catalase will converts it to H2O through the reaction: [pic] Pulping the liver will increase the total surface area of the liver. This means the production rate of catalase has been raised because more particles have been exposed to the other reactant, which lead to a higher rate of collision between the particles of reactants. Thus, there’s a higher chance to gain the activation energy in order to carry out chemical reaction. Rate of reaction increased. Catalase was a biological catalyst (enzyme) which made of protein and will denature in high temperature due to the breakage of bond between molecule. In this case, boiling the liver will cause the enzyme inside the peroxisomes to be denature. When the enzyme was denature...
Words: 713 - Pages: 3
...TYPE YOUR FULL NAME: Ericka Burton TYPE YOUR FULL NAME: Ericka Burton UMUC Biology 102/103 Lab 4: Enzymes Experiment 1: Effect of Enzyme Concentration Table 1: Effect of Enzyme Concentration on the Production of Gas Tube | Amount of yeast | Balloon circumference (cm) After 1 minute | Balloon circumference (cm) After 3 minutes | Balloon circumference (cm) After 5 minutes | Final Circumference (cm) | Time Required to Complete | 1 | 0.05 g | 15.5 cm | 17.2 cm | 20.5 cm | 21.9 cm | 11 mins | 2 | 0.005 g | 13.8 cm | 15.1 cm | 19.6 cm | 20.1 cm | 12 mins | 3 | 0.0005 g | 8.8 cm | 10.5 cm | 13.1 cm | 13.1 cm | 9 mins | Questions 1. What is the enzyme in this experiment? What is the substrate? Yeast is the enzyme. Sugar as the substrate. 2. Did you notice a difference in the rate of reaction in the tubes with different concentrations of enzymes? Why or why not? It is yes, since there is change in balloon size. More the concentration of the enzyme more will be the consumption of substrate. That indicates the rate of reaction is more. 3. What was the effect of using less enzyme on your experiment? There is less size of the balloon for less enzyme concentration. There is less production in the gas. 4. Do you expect more enzyme activity if the substrate concentration is increased or decreased? Draw a graph to illustrate this relationship. If you increase the substrate concentration the rate will also increase up to a...
Words: 1180 - Pages: 5
...Substrate Concentration affects a Catalase Enzyme Reaction RQ How does changing the substrate concentration affect the rate of a catalase reaction in an enzyme? Hydrogen peroxide was used as the substrate and the rate was measured by oxygen production. Hypothesis If the substrate concentration is increased then the rate of a catalase reaction will also increase until it reaches the optimal concentration or saturation point and will remain constant. This is because there will be more substrate molecules in a higher concentration therefore a higher frequency of collisions. This increases enzyme activity and more product will be formed. However at a certain concentration the enzymes will become saturated (all active sites are full), so an increase in substrate molecules will stop affecting the rate. Variables Independent Variable - Hydrogen peroxide concentration Dependent Variable – rate of catalase reaction by measuring the volume of oxygen produced after five minutes Controlled Variables – performed at room temperature (21 Celsius), catalase used (potato), weight of potato (1g) in each trial, time given for reaction to take place (5 minutes), method & apparatus Apparatus 1. Safety goggles & apron 2. Measuring cylinder, 100 cm3 (+/- 0.5cm3) 3. Large plastic tub 4. Access to sink/water 5. Clamp stand, boss and clamp 6. Rubber bung and delivery tube 7. 9 large test tubes 8. Stopwatch (+/- 0.01s) 9. Hydrogen Peroxide, range of concentration: 1%, 3%, 6% 10. Potatoes...
Words: 1540 - Pages: 7
...ST ANDREW’S JUNIOR COLLEGE JC 2 Preliminary Examination CHEMISTRY Higher 2 Paper 3 Free Response Candidates answer on separate paper. Additional Materials: Answer paper, Graph Paper, Data Booklet 9647/03 13 September 2010 2 hours READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your name and civics group on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer any four questions. A Data Booklet is provided. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. 2 This question paper consists of 10 printed pages. SAJC 2010 P3 – Answer any four questions. 1 (a) Hydrolysis of a lipid (containing multiple ester linkages) produced the following fatty acids. Structure I Structure II CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH (i) In an experiment, hot acidified potassium manganate(VII) was used to oxidise Structure I. Write the structural formulae of all organic products formed during the oxidation. (ii) What is meant by the term cis-trans isomerism? How many cis-trans isomers are present in Structure I? Draw any 2 possible cis-trans isomers. (iii) State the physical state of this lipid...
Words: 1740 - Pages: 7
...First, we prepared and treated our potatoes by cutting them with a French fry cutter. We made sure no skin remained and they were cut into pieces that were 2 cm in length. The pieces were then put in different solutions of pH to soak. We then labeled medium sized test tubes with the pHs and marked a line at 6 cm high on each tube. The tubes must be the same size and be able to fit the potatoes in there. Next, we labeled paper towels with the appropriate pHs (pH 4, pH 5, pH 6, pH 7, pH 8, pH 10, pH 12). Then we filled each tube with hydrogen peroxide to the 6 cm line. It was then time to get the potatoes out of the solutions they were soaking in and put them on the correct labeled paper towels. Then we dropped the pieces of potatoes in the test tubes as close to the same time as possible. Using the key, we observed the fizziness and recorded it into our tables. Based off the results we gave the amount of fizz a value. If there wad no to very little fizzing the value was 0, some fizzing was 1, good fizzing was 2, and a great deal of fizzing was...
Words: 1898 - Pages: 8
...Biology Studies X - Experiment Description Page Writing of Lab Reports Identification of Biomolecules 5 13 Identification of Unknown Carbohydrate Solutions and Investigation of Action of Saliva and HCl in Carbohydrate Solution at Two Different Temperatures Investigation of the Effects of Catalase Concentration on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition 20 Synthesis of Starch Using an Enzyme Extracted from Potato Tuber Investigation of the Effects of Different Catalytic Conditions on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microscopy 27 Practical 6 Cell studies II Practical 7 Cell studies III Extraction of Cell Organelles by Cell Fractionation Determination of Solute Potential of Potato Cell Sap 47 Practical 8 Cell studies IV Effects of Different Treatments on Stained Potato Cells 64 Practical 9 Energetics I Respiration of Germinating Beans 67 Microscopic Examination of Cells at Various Stages of Plant Mitosis and Meiosis DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis Modelling 71 Respiration of Yeast 93 Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 1) Optional: Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 2) Practical 4 Enzyme studies II Practical 5 Cell studies I - - Practical 10 Energetics II Lab manual version 6_201505 FHSB1214 Biology I & FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell...
Words: 22060 - Pages: 89
...Biology Studies X - Experiment Description Page Writing of Lab Reports Identification of Biomolecules 5 13 Identification of Unknown Carbohydrate Solutions and Investigation of Action of Saliva and HCl in Carbohydrate Solution at Two Different Temperatures Investigation of the Effects of Catalase Concentration on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition 20 Synthesis of Starch Using an Enzyme Extracted from Potato Tuber Investigation of the Effects of Different Catalytic Conditions on Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Microscopy 27 Practical 6 Cell studies II Practical 7 Cell studies III Extraction of Cell Organelles by Cell Fractionation Determination of Solute Potential of Potato Cell Sap 47 Practical 8 Cell studies IV Effects of Different Treatments on Stained Potato Cells 64 Practical 9 Energetics I Respiration of Germinating Beans 67 Microscopic Examination of Cells at Various Stages of Plant Mitosis and Meiosis DNA, Mitosis and Meiosis Modelling 71 Respiration of Yeast 93 Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 1) Optional: Practical 3 Enzyme studies I (Experiment 2) Practical 4 Enzyme studies II Practical 5 Cell studies I - - Practical 10 Energetics II Lab manual version 6_201505 FHSB1214 Biology I & FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell...
Words: 22060 - Pages: 89
...Year 11 Science Mentoring Task Booklet Things to remember when answering 6 mark exam questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Try and remember everything you can about what the question is asking before you start answering it Make at least 6 points Write in full sentences starting with capital letters and ending with full stops Try and answer the question in around five minutes Check your answer to make sure you have not left anything out Remember to use key words when appropriate Things to remember when marking 6 mark exam questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. Use a green pen Read through the science points at the bottom of the mark scheme first In the answer put ticks to show where the marks are coming from Mark for spelling and grammar by circling the word or part of the text and writing above it as follows: • • • • 5. 6. 7. 8. Spelling mistake (Sp) Missing full stop (Gr) Missing capital letter (Gr) Poor grammar (Gr) Cross out any bits that are irrelevant to the question Add up their total number of marks If there are more than three spelling or grammar errors minus one mark Leave constructive feedback Biology Cells Tissues & Organs Summary All living things are made up of cells. The structures of different types of cells are related to their functions. To get into or out of cells, dissolved substances have to cross the cell membranes. Cells Cells are the smallest unit of life. All living things are made of cells. Most human cells, like most other animal cells, have the following...
Words: 18368 - Pages: 74
...States of Matter Gases, liquids and solids are all made up of microscopic particles, but the behaviors of these particles differ in the three phases. The following figure illustrates the microscopic differences. | | | Microscopic view of a gas. | Microscopic view of a liquid. | Microscopic view of a solid. | Note that: * Particles in a: * gas are well separated with no regular arrangement. * liquid are close together with no regular arrangement. * solid are tightly packed, usually in a regular pattern. * Particles in a: * gas vibrate and move freely at high speeds. * liquid vibrate, move about, and slide past each other. * solid vibrate (jiggle) but generally do not move from place to place. Liquids and solids are often referred to as condensed phases because the particles are very close together. The following table summarizes properties of gases, liquids, and solids and identifies the microscopic behavior responsible for each property. Some Characteristics of Gases, Liquids and Solids and the Microscopic Explanation for the Behavior | gas | liquid | solid | assumes the shape and volume of its container particles can move past one another | assumes the shape of the part of the container which it occupies particles can move/slide past one another | retains a fixed volume and shape rigid - particles locked into place | compressible lots of free space between particles | not easily compressible little...
Words: 2336 - Pages: 10
...COBSE. This is to establish a uniformity across the country keeping in view the relevance of different areas in Medical Education. PHYSICS S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. CLASS XI Physical world and measurement Kinematics Laws of Motion Work, Energy and Power Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body Gravitation Properties of Bulk Matter Thermodynamics Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory Oscillations and Waves CLASS XII Electrostatics Current Electricity Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents Electromagnetic Waves Optics Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation Atoms and Nuclei Electronic Devices CHEMISTRY S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. CLASS XI Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry Structure of Atom Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure States of Matter: Gases and Liquids Thermodynamics Equilibrium Redox Reactions Hydrogen s-Block Element (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals) Some p-Block Elements Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques Hydrocarbons Environmental Chemistry CLASS XII Solid State Solutions Electrochemistry Chemical Kinetics Surface Chemistry General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements p- Block Elements d and f Block Elements Coordination Compounds Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids Organic Compounds Containing...
Words: 5244 - Pages: 21
...Summer Project Report Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor. Submitted in partial fullfilement of the requirement for B.Tech. Biotechnology Semester VII AMITY INSTITUTE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AMITY UNIVERSITY RAJASTHAN JAIPUR 2011 Supervised by: Dr Ajit Kumar Sr. Research Officer S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur Submitted by: Ravi Pareek DECLARATION I hereby declare that the project report entitled “Study of MDA (malondialdehyde) as abiotic stress marker in CSV-17 variety of Sorghum bicolor” is a record of the work compiled by me under the supervision and guidance of Dr. Ajit Kumar, S.P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur as a part of my 45 days summer training. Ravi Pareek (B.TECH-BIOTECHNOLOGY) (AUR0821094) ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all with due regard to my respective god with whose kindness and blessing we could be able to accomplish the task of training. Mr. Sourabh Pareek, for his kind permission to allow me to undergo my major project at S. P. Institute of Biotechnology, Jaipur. I am overwhelmed with rejoice to take this opportunity to evince my profound sense of reverence and gratitude to my esteemed supervisor respective Dr. Ajit Kumar, for giving his regular advice and excellent suggestion which have helped us for completing the study. His regular assistance and guidance really helped me to bring formidable task in successful manner. Sincere thanks to Dr. Sonali Jana and Dr. Neha Upreti for their cooperation...
Words: 12095 - Pages: 49
...UTAR FHSC1214 Fundamentals of Cell Biology Trimester 1 How YOU can do well in BIOLOGY Follow the 4A’s and you can expect A’s. A ttitude • Attend ALL lectures, tutorials and practicals on time without fail. • Be attentive in class and revise your notes after class while the topic is still fresh in your mind. Why waste time re-reading 2-3 months later? • Do your assignments faithfully as they carry marks for the finals. • Come prepared for lessons (i.e. read up beforehand). • Read up beforehand before attending lectures so that you won’t be lost and wasted hours of your life week after week. • Why stress yourself out if you can avoid it? Do NOT count on last minute revision for tests and examinations, as it will be too late to catch up and seek help in areas where you may find confusing or unclear of. • Why panic before exams because you can’t find this or that? Keep separate files for lecture, tutorial and practical. File up the respective notes systematically so that you do not lose them along the semester. • Do you expect the lecturer/ tutor to be available all the time to answer your questions? It is YOUR responsibility to take the initiative to clear your doubts or satisfy your curiosity to understand certain scientific phenomena by reading up on the relevant topics. A Based on a true story… A professor at the National University of Singapore recounts how on one occasion a student consulted him days before the exam. Student:...
Words: 20923 - Pages: 84
...Major classes of synthetic dyes include azo, triphenylmethane and anthraquinone dyes, some of them are known to be very toxic and mutagenic to living organism. With the increasing use of wide variety of dyes pollution by dye-waste water is becoming increasingly alarming. Colour removal, in particular, has recently become a major scientific interest. Although several physicochemical methods have been used to eliminate the coloured effluents in waste water, these methods are rather costly and sometimes produce hazardous byproducts and therefore other alternatives such as microbial biodegradation have attracted interest. Microbial decolorization and degradation is an environmentally friendly and cost-competitive alternative to chemical decomposition...
Words: 7251 - Pages: 30