...EDU 225 Instructional Technology Benchmark Assessment and Rubric Targeted Essential Learning Students study and utilize a variety of technologies such as computer software and hardware and will develop a personal technology philosophy and classroom technology plan designed to enhance and shape their teaching skills and knowledge to better utilize emerging technology. (APTS 3, INTASC 6) Assessment Tool Selected 1) Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan 2) Reflection Essay Specific Performance/Task(s) Select and implement appropriate technology and resources. (APTS 3.11) Select and use research-based strategies to engage learners. (APTS 3.12) Relevancy of Task to Teacher Candidate Demonstrate the effective use of technology to foster active inquiry, promote collaboration, and support interaction in the classroom. Assessment: Student Prompts/Teacher Directions Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan (e-Portfolio Assignment) In Modules 2-6 you will be drafting the component parts of a Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan for use in a 21st century classroom. The Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan will include the sections listed below. Drafts of these sections will be submitted throughout the course for instructor feedback and will be revised for inclusion in the Benchmark Assessment, due in Module 7. A Reflection Essay will also be prepared to accompany the plan. The plan is composed of the following components: * Section One: Mission and Vision...
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...Running head: ENGLISH-ONLY DEBATE PAPER English-Only Debate Paper Anne-Cecile Grundy Grand Canyon University ESL 523N September 26, 2010 Abstract English language learners are a very heterogeneous and complex group of children, with diverse gifts, educational needs, backgrounds, languages, and goals. They are the fastest growing section of the student population in schools and offer challenges and opportunities to the American education. In this study, the writer will explore the arguments of both sides of the English-only issue, which started decades ago and is still very active today. Emphasis will be placed on the comparison and contrast of the positions presented by advocates and opponents of the English-only debate and will be supported with state’ voter-driven initiatives and laws relating to English language learners. English-Only Debate Paper In the eighteen century, education in the United States was provided in different languages: German, Dutch, French or Swedish. After World War I, when German was a proscribed language, the American population started to think about an education solely in English. However, until 1968, the language policies were left to the discretion of the school, church, city, or state. At this time, the federal government dictated how the non-English-speaking students should be taught, and therefore, started a very controversial debate in the public education sector (Porter, 1998). “In September 1995, Representative John T. Doolittle...
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...#60 The English- Only Debate by Alejandro Portes • Immigration has brought a growth of foreign language → English language may lose predominance→ cultural unity may be undermined • High immigration rates give rise to nativist movements New Threats to English • 1990 census found that 92% of the US spoke only English • Survey shows 94% spoke English fluently by the age of 14 and the figure rose to 98% 3 years later • People preferred English over their native tongue Losing Mother Tongues • Few retain their parental tongues • If one defines fluency as the ability to speak, understand, read, and write well , no 2nd generation group was fluent in the mother tongue by the age of 17 • English-Spanish bilingualism was the most common, but 65% lost their parental language • 90% of children lacked fluency Is Complete Language Assimilation Desirable? • These trends raise the question of whether complete language assimilation (acquisition of fluent English and abandonment of native languages) is desirable • Madorah Smith declared bilingualism to be a hardship devoid of any advantage • Study did not distinguish between fluent bilinguals and limited bilinguals whose command of one language or the other was poor Are Bilingual Students Better? • Bilinguals outperformed their monolingual counterparts in almost all cognitive tests • Bilingualism at an early age influenced subsequent cognitive development • Bilinguals’ enhanced cognitive performance is explained by their having...
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...active learning process because students will learn more through a process of constructing and creating, working in a group and also sharing the knowledge. In general, debate is one of the speaking classroom activities which requires two teams consisting of two or more speakers speak out their arguments and oppose the opponent’s arguments in terms of the topic or motion given. It is supported by Dobson (1987) who asserts that there are some instructional techniques in improving students’ speaking skill, such as: dialogues, small-group discussion, debate, song, and games. Additionally, Hasibuan & Batubara (2012) also reveal that debate is a method of language learning which is applied to improve speaking ability as well as critical thinking (p.19). Hence, debate is a method of language learning which is applicable not only to improve the students’ speaking skill but also critical thinking. In addition, debate is potential to develop students’ critical thinking and speaking skill. This statement is supported by Walker and Warhust (2000) who claim that debates in the classroom have been effective in increasing critical thinking by letting students connect as they learn subject...
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...March 10, 2011 Michael Corp Schaefer (2006) wrote that “until the last 20 to 30 years there was an effort to devalue the Spanish language and to discourage Hispanics from using it in schools” (p. 242). In the 60s it was not any better, the school boards in Florida and in New York City enforced a “No Spanish” rule and up until 68’ it was illegal to teach in any other language than English in California. The program English as a second language or ELS tend to emphasize bilingual but not bicultural education (Schaefer, 2006) which help with multi-language teaching but did not interfere with their culture. Some Hispanics were strongly against bilingualism, they believe that English-only education, even for very young children is the key to success (S. Freedman 2004; H. Mason 2003). The growth of the Hispanic population has moved Congress toward recognizing the multilingual culture of the United States. The number of the Hispanic population is increasing yearly which will influence the government’s decisions on this topic, it is a federal law that bilingual ballots be provided where necessary. There is many reasons that immigrates come to the United States but one of the main reasons is education, most come here to...
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...Engelsk Årsprøve 2015 In the article “Cachau Bant: Mind Your Language” by Tom Law, is written about the oppression of the Welsh people that has been going on since the 1840’s. Tom Law talks about the way the English have oppressed the Welsh people, and robbed them of their language and their nationality. Tom Law is a Welsh writer and journalist, and has been raised in the reformed Wales, that is more English that Welsh nowadays. This article is written on the website Sabotage Times, which is known for its intent to create public debate. The fact that Tom Law is writing this article on a website like this shows us the intent with the article, to create a public debate about the oppression of Wales. Tom Law starts out the article by stating facts of the English language being superior to other languages in the world, and how the Language has helped civilize countries throughout the world. Tom Law then explains an unlikely scenario where the German language has become the main language in the European Union, and how English has become unnecessary. This is written in a way that will make the reader feel like the story could be true, and that way make the reader more alert for the following statements. In this article Tom Law uses repetition to get the reader to understand the context better, an example of this is “some bloke in Aberystwyth demanding a bi-lingual sign on his local fish and chip shop” and “some bloke in Altrincham moaning about the German signs on his local...
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...schools should go about teaching English language learners. There are supports of English-only instruction in the classroom, asking students to give up their native language in order to learn English more effectively. On the other side of the issue are the supporters of bilingual education programs. In this program students learn the content in their native language and through this gain competence in English. Both of these approaches have valid arguments behind them and can find statistics to prove that their approach is better in a certain area. It is left up to every state to decide which method is going to be best for their particular state. The demographic changes with every state and for this reason, it is crucial that a side of the debate is chosen. Some states have a much higher population of students that speak a certain language and that may be the determining factor when looking at the English-only issue. Most people agree that the main goal in the classroom is to educate ELL students in the mastery of English in academic areas. However, it has been a long debate on what is the best way to go about this. In Pennsylvania, they passed a law called “Pennsylvania regulation of English as a Second Language and bilingual instruction” (COP). This law ensures that every school district provides programs for students that have a dominant language other than English. These programs must help the student achieve proficiency in English and meet the academic standards...
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...English Cultural Studies 2014 Teacher’s Name: Mohammed A. Sahir Email: mohammed.sahir@educhina.com.cn Office Hours: 9am till 5pm - Monday to Friday Course Description: In this course, you will improve your Basic to intermediate English vocabulary skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing through the study of various cultures, mostly Western from European to American. You will learn about cultural differences in language, behaviours, the arts, and society. This class will provide a summary of different cultures, and you will participate in considerations, online forums, and written and verbal conversations on the subjects discussed. Rules & Procedures Attendance: Students are required to attend all classes. If students miss class, 1. They must first submit the EduChina Student Leave Request Form to the teacher at least two weeks in advance. 2. Students are required to complete all assignments missed upon return. 3. The teacher will decide the due date for these assignments. 4. Excessive absences and missing assignments will result in a failing grade for the course. Behaviour: Student behaviours show be positive in class at all time, 1. Student cannot be disrespectful towards to teacher. 2. Student cannot be disrespectful toward fellow classmates. 3. No bullying. 4. No foul languages in class at all time. 5. No speaking Chinese in class at all time. Cheating/Plagiarism: Copying other people’s work is not tolerated in...
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...Anyone can speak English. Now it is your turn! To begin with, language is a tool of communication to transfer information. It has obviously distinguished mankind from the rest of the animal world (Barber, Beal, and Shaw: 2012). Learning a language is a matter of language acquisition. When we learn a language, it means we make an attempt to acquire a language. That is why you need to know how humans acquire languages. Language can be acquired by two ways, viz. spontaneous learning and guided learning (Kleine:1986). Since English is not our mother tongue, we need to take a great deal of effort to master it. Therefore English is acquired by guided learning for native Indonesians. English is a lingua franca in a lot of countries which means English has become a global language nowadays. What is a global language? Crystal (2012:3) describes, that a language achieves a genuinely global status when it develops a special role that is recognized in every country. Lingua franca can be described as a language for day-to-day public communication in a country whose official language is not English. ‘Sorry’, ‘thank you’, ‘bye’, etc. are commonly used everyday almost all over the world. It is an evident reality that through entertainment a language can influence local culture. Therefore you can also easily find quite a few English loanwords in our official language. Wherever you go, even in the countryside, you can easily find English signs and advertisements. Whenever you enter a restaurant...
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...test on American History in English. If that’s true, we do not have to create ballots in any other language except English," (2007). Mr. Gingrich also stated that to allow bilingualism will pose long term dangers to our nation and that bilingual education should be replaced with immersion in English. There is even debate as to whether legislation should be passed requiring that all drivers’ license test be given in English only. The argument is that with some road signs going digital, you need to be able to read what is being said and not just recognize the symbol. Advocates say that this is a matter of safety (Crist, 2011). While many non-Hispanic white Americans are opposed to bilingualism in schools - teaching a second language to students who already speak English, there are many organizations that favor it. According to The Preschool English Learners (2005) website, many children throughout the world learn to speak two languages and research indicates there are distinct cognitive, communicative, and cultural advantages to being bilingual. It also states that a key factor to mastering a second language is the age and extent of exposure to each language. The biggest debate in education is over whether non-English speaking students should be put into English immersion classes or bilingual classes that teach part of the subjects in their native language. While many feel that keeping these students separated is hindering them from learning English as quickly as they should...
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...Ashraf Shaikh English 711 Essay Assignment #3 Elizabeth Spencer 22nd April 2015 Bilingual Education or Not? The debate on whether United States should adopt the bilingual academic program whereby children speaking other languages are taught in two languages, in English and in a second, native language (Hayakawa, 1991). There have been studies and researches indicating the benefits of the bilingual academic program, particularly to the students – such as high academic scores, mental flexibility, improved personal identity etc. At the same time, there is evidence showing a number of downsides to the programs – such as double expense to the government, politicized aspects etc. The aim of this paper is to examine different aspects of the argument on the subject of bilingual programs in schools, and whether United States should make English as its official language. It also demonstrates the argumentative ability regarding the controversial issue of bilingual academic program in the United States. Honestly, I feel that the need to make English the official language of the country is preposterous. Only, because it practically is the main language of the country just unofficially. From a general point of view, the definition of bilingualism is whereby a person possesses the ability of easily and naturally speaking in two languages, without experiencing any problem whatsoever. However, from the context of United States of America, bilingualism has a controversial definition (Fallows...
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...The English Revolution was a period of armed conflict and political turmoil between 1642 and 1660. This included the execution of the Charles 1st, the rise of the Commonwealth followed by the Protectorate under Cromwell and then the eventual restoration of the Monarchy. Richardson is correct to state that the events that occurred were “inherently controversial… momentous and far reaching” which are still debated today. This debate rages on whether these events can constitute a Revolution. It is dependent on what definition of the word Revolution is enacted. Historians such as Jeff Goodwin provide interpretations of what it means to have a Revolution, which shall be further explored, however what ultimately accounts is how the events and interpretations of the time fit into these interpretations. Ultimately there are two ways to look at Revolution, firstly there is the struggle or initial violent uprisings of the populous against the established state. The other way of looking at a revolution is to also examine the more long term changes or effects in the mind-set of the contemporise. In other words the changes in the way men think. Richardson pushes the idea of the initial struggle constituting a Revolution whereas others such as Hill believe that the long-term effects are more significant. Both arguments both valid against differing definitions of Revolution. Similarities between the French and English Revolutions will also provide a stark comparison of the English situation...
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...before the American Revolution knew the intensification of the political and cultural debate among the colonies. After the Treaty of Paris of 1763 the relations with England were quite complicated because of the new tax policy and administration of the motherland. The new laws clearly represented a change of direction in the management and especially in the conception of the colonies by the British government. The harsh protests and riots that started overseas showed that the colonists insinuated a doubt about the intentions of England, whose behavior was seen as a direct attack against their freedom. In the atmosphere of the colonial debate there were two main options on the positions to take regarding the facts. Many still supported the need for a reconciliation with England, either for the tradition that it bound the colonies or for the protection of trade and security of the American continent. So the fear and uncertainty to be an independent nation in the future restrained settlers' minds. More and more, on the other hand, were the voices, who courageously invoke the separation from the motherland as the only real alternative for the development and prosperity of the colonies. Therefore, the idea of independence had been circulating in the debates and private conversations, but before January 10, 1776 no one had publicly supported his needs, urging Americans to actively pursue it. The English radical Thomas Paine, with his Common Sense was in fact the first to propose the American...
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...1. Should non-standard varieties of English be used in education? Some educators believe that teaching students in the standard variety of their language is beneficial as it provides a universal mode of communication. Others believe that students are best served by education taught in their own variety of a language, even if it is non-standard. Choose and defend a position in this debate, making sure to explore the benefits and drawbacks of your choice. Focus on a single non-standard variety of English (e.g. AAVE), and evaluate specific benefits and drawbacks of your chosen position from the perspective of both speakers of this variety and educators. 2. Is bilingual acquisition beneficial? Some educators and other professionals believe that the simultaneous acquisition of two languages is confusing for an infant or young child and may delay acquisition of both languages. Others hold the view that not only is simultaneous language acquisition not confusing, the process of learning two languages at the same time is beneficial for the process of acquiring both. Review research on language acquisition with particular focus on bilingual acquisition. What are the advantages and disadvantages of early bilingual acquisition? Which position is more compelling? 3. Is language innate or just part of general cognition? The specific way that we acquire language is a contentious debate in the field of linguistics. Some researchers believe that humans are born with...
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...1 The Official Language Movement Your Name ETH/125 Date Instructor 2 The Official Language Movement When it comes to the constant debate over bilingual education there are many sources that can be reflected on . Part of all this is society personal attitudes when it comes to immigrants. (Rolf Kjolseth 2000). Many American, although not always conscious of their actions, often show a hypocritical double standard when it comes to bilingualism. On one side, they show pride and encourage a natural born American citizen that studies abroad learning a foreign language and becoming bilingual, at the same time they expect that all immigrants stop using their native languages and use only the English language to communicate. (Porter 1998) Much of the debate over bilingual education stems from an unrealistic expectation of immediate results. (Jim Cummins 2002). The public automatically believe that students should immerse themselves into the American culture and learn English and forget about their previous cultural background. Although many studies have shown that bilingual education provides a positive environment during the learning and social growth of many language-minority students, the opposition while mostly politically motivated has shown to have the upper hand when it come to most states debates. Many believe that being able to speak multiple languages in politics produces confusion among the citizens of a country. Any individual living in the United...
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