...The foundations of criminal law paper 484 5/4/2015 Dwayne Carr The foundations of criminal law paper With the safeguards that the Constitution gives with the fourth, fifth, also the sixth amendments, they depicted as the means to the value of the due process. The three laws are in place, to make sure that to make the environment society lives in protected. Within this paper, it will discuss these three rights, and the safeguards that come with them. That will help the adults as well, as the juvenile’s daily basis in the court process. Will show you how they keep both, of these courts setting fair and just to all that have to come through them with these amendments. With the fourth amendment made, in law to stop unfair searches and seizures of people’s property that he or she owns without any warrants. In addition, cause to do so however through the years court systems, like the Supreme Court has granted alterations to the fourth amendment. Like given law enforcement access search an individual who has in custody, from a criminal offensive also they view something that is illegal gives them permission. To search the person property, they feel that the environment of the suspect is unsafe, for them and to the law enforcement officers in there as well (pg.608, J. David Hirschel). With youth, offenders there are limitations on the fourth amendment. Youth that beneath the age of eighteen, which has already tried for doing a criminal offensive can use the fourth amendment...
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...Research and Terminology Paper Damon Walton CJA/334 June 15, 2015 Sharon Taylor Research and Terminology Paper The cornerstone to any discipline or field of study is the ability to conduct research in a competent manner. The criminal justice practioners needs a sound foundation in the research process and terminology to be effective. According to the Merriam-Webster, research is the studious inquiry or examination; especially : investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws ("Definition of Research", 2015). The research process is a strategy to solve a problem or to answer a basic question. The methodology being used must be accurate and verifiable so the results can be trusted. The terminology culled from this week reading was theory, objectivity, methodology, pure research, applied research and confidentiality. According to Hagan (2010), theory is the attempt to classify and organize events, and see a trend where events may occur, and to understand the underlying causality of these events. In the field of criminal justice a theory is a good starting block to understand the why and what of something especially when it involves crime. Theories being in used in this field can be fine tuned or even replaced as more information becomes available to the researcher. An example of this is the prevailing theory...
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...The paper on hypothesis justice examination 544 2/29/2016 Melba V. Pearson The paper on hypothesis justice examination Within some of the most flourishing societies, Justice is handled with an offender is obtaining punishment. So that the public, within society, can live and humanity and be safeguarded from the criminals. Although in actuality, the people that committed these crimes obtain punishments, which is below what justice demands which by doing that cheats people that are not criminals. In this paper, it will discuss what a few, of the standards of justice speculations, are. Clarify how the standards of these hypotheses vary from conventional utilitarianism, how is justice characterized by current criminal justice organizations and different entities included in the criminal justice framework, how can this change from security. Therefore, that it will help better identify, with the theory of justice analysis and it importances to society and the criminal justice system. The principles of justice theories “Rawls discussed in his theory that libertarianism, also fairness from justice (Souryal S.S, 2015).” He pays attention, to the theoretical model so that Rawls can explain his type of justice. Within the hypnotically from people are mandatory, to pick the primary beliefs of the essential institution of a given civilization. The outcomes options created; from the public within a civilization will each be just also equal...
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...Some people are breaking the law which causing their children's future. Trippett´s argument is that the foundations of social order are profoundly shaken when ordinary law-abiding citizens take to skirting the law. She continues by saying that people who lies on government are foolish and will never be succeed. The authors purpose is to convince the government that most people should be not trusted and checking everything on them in order to not ebay the laws. The author creates a sincere tone for the people who obeys the laws in America. The foundations of social order should not profoundly shaken when people are obeying the laws. In America there are many criminals that is happening everyday, and especially in government. For example, in the month of taxes, most people they play in the papers so they could get back more money. This shows that people who make these stuff, there children will do the same in the future. People do not know how hard it is to play with the government, life will be miserable if government finds out what most people are doing. Another example would be few people would burn their vehicles so that insurance company would give them about 10 to 20 thousand...
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...Law Opinion The United States legal system developed a branch that has three divisions between state and federal law. The three government branch include legislative, executive, and then judicial. These three branches will all play an important role in both legal and creation system laws. The U.S law practices foundations were created based on the English common law. Although there are many factors that must be consider and acknowledge before lawmakers reviewed and executed in writing. The first branches are known as legislative, which has known to be established by an article 1 of the constitution, and full of consistent within the white house of representative and the senate. This branch has the authority by the constitution to pass the legislation and to be signed by the U.S President, which the bill must pass through the Senator and the House of Representative with the majority vote. However, the U.S President can anytime veto the bill to be overridden by passing it through the House of Representative and the Senator with at least two no less of the majority vote. Second branch is known as the executive, which includes the President who reacts as the state leadership and the chief commander of the army forces. Although this branch is part of the government law enforcement agencies, the President is responsible for all implementing and enforcing by all laws that is created by the Congress, federal agencies, and also the Cabinet. “The Cabinet and independent federal agencies...
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...English 121 I-Search paper Draft 2 November 17, 2009 Are community notification laws justified? Introduction & Research Questions Picture of Megan Kanka. Taken from Cal State, San Marcos’s University Police Department. Are community notification laws justified? When talking about such a controversial topic, we must ask ourselves why community notification laws were created. Richard and Maureen Kanka thought that their daughter Megan was safe. The Kankas had lived for fifteen years in quiet, suburban Hamilton Township, New Jersey. A family of five, they worked hard, paid their taxes, believed in God, charity, and the goodness of others. July 29, 1994 was a tragic day in history. First-grader Megan Kanka, Richard and Maureen’s daughter, was walking home from a friend’s house. As she was walking towards her front door, Jesse Timmendequas, a landscaper who had lived across the street for about a year, invited her over to pet his new puppy. When she followed him inside, he led her to an upstairs bedroom. That would become the last thing that she was free to do. For at that moment, Jesse stole her innocence. After he strangled her unconscious with his belt, he raped her and smothered her to death with a plastic bag. Timmendequas then placed Megan's body in a toolbox, drove to a soccer field a few miles from his house and dumped her body in some bushes. "Megan had a big heart; she was a great, great little girl," says her mother, Maureen Kanka, her voice rising...
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...Evolution of the Juvenile System This paper takes a brief look at the history and evolution of the juvenile justice system in the United States. In recent years there has been an increase of juvenile cases being transferred into the adult court system. This paper will also look at that process and the consequences of that trend. In the early nineteenth century juveniles were treated the same as adults when it came to the legal system. We did not have separate courts or jails for juveniles and they would often receive the same punishments as adults that had committed crimes. “At the beginning of the nineteenth century, delinquent, neglected, and runaway children in the United States were treated in the same way as adult criminal offenders” (Siegel & Welsh, 2011). Three key things that helped to develop a separate system for juveniles were the child-saving movement, the concept of parens patria, and the creation of institutions created specifically for the care of juveniles. The ‘child-savers’ movement began in New York in the early 1800’s. These early groups were concerned mainly with the moral education of children. They felt that private groups and families were not doing enough to properly educate young people and wanted more control to be given to the government. These groups were formed by prominent members of the community who could influence law makers. “Child-saving organizations influenced state legislatures to enact laws giving courts the power to commit...
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...Factors persuading criminal justice staff conduct paper University of Phoenix Factors persuading criminal justice staff conduct paper Many things play a role influencing how criminal justice officers will act and how the actions will affect the criminal justice system and the society that they have to protect and serve on a daily basis because of the influences of their actions. In the paper, it will be discussed the assess risk, responsibility, and financial effect working together with discretionary power worked out. By staff in the criminal justice system, and What part does a civilian oversight committee have in guaranteeing authoritative forces not manhandled as it applies to policies, procedures, risk, monetary elements, and discretion. Assess obligation, responsibility, and financial effect working together with discretionary power practiced by staff in the criminal justice system. Every organization to attain and maintain, a culture of honest a more efficient model with discipline has to apply also sustained. The administrators must embrace the new paradigm with self-accountability for each staff member one of them were head managers are not free from which means. The objectives should be to obtain self-accountability rather than just making officers liable following their act of indiscretion. Even though punishing staff members, for violating a policy that includes each tradition also common sense. There are more than numerous various approaches which could...
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... effects, and patterns of criminal behavior. The studies of such involve developing theories; this is the development of criminology. Scientific research is conducted to better understand individuals in societies. Criminology is the foundation of the justice system where crime is studied along with issues related to crime. This paper is intended to discuss the sociobiological theory that will explain the relationship between personality and criminal behavior, to compare key elements of sociobiological with biological and psychological theories, and finally, to identify the philosophical basis to each of these theories. The Relationship between Personality and Criminal Behavior Sociobiological theory is based on the combination of human behavior that occurs naturally with the effects of society. Researchers have thought of this theory by means of learning behaviors that are genetic compared to the environments that individuals are surrounded by. Founded by E.O. Wilson, the sociobiological theory used principles are Darwinism, in that human behaviors are evolutionary (Stanford, 2009). There are predisposition behaviors that will separate a criminal from an upstanding citizen. One example can be found among gang members as they have developed territorial traits which lead to violence. Criminal behavior is can be argued to be a learned behavior, however often times, the genetic line is often over looked. Those who have been labeled as criminals may have certain personality...
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... July 28, 2012 Court History and Purpose This paper will cover topics such as; what a court is and what the purpose of the court is. This paper will define the dual court system. In addition this paper will describe the role that early legal codes, the common law and the precedent played in the development of courts. And lastly this paper will identify the role of the courts in the criminal justice system today. The courts are a part of the judicial branch in the three branches of government. This means that in this branch the laws are interpreted. Like the other two branches, it works to keep the criminal justice system running as smoothly as possible. The laws are make in the legislative branch and is enforced in the executive branch. The police are a part of the executive branch. So when some one breaks a law, the job of the police, executive branch, is to arrest or ticked said offender. After an arrest or a citation or ticket is made, the next step is the court proceedings. In a case that an arrest is made, the offender is brought in front of a judge and bail is set. After that, if need be, the case is brought to prosecution. If the prosecution takes that case, then the case is put on trial. This is important because it shows just what the judicial part of government and the court part of the criminal justice system does, and why it is important. So the court systems job is to interpret the law and bring justice. The dual court system is a system...
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...Social Organized Crime Perspective Paper Natalie Strauss CJA/384 09/24/13 Jessica Vesey “Social Institution is defined as an organizational system which functions to satisfy basic social needs by providing an ordered framework linking the individual to the larger culture” ("Tom Cravens.com", n.d.). This paper will provide more information as to how social institutions apply to organized crime, also which empirical and speculative theories are most applicable when applied to organized crime and criminal behavior. Social institutions can be applied to organized crime in various ways. Examining the Mafia, top leaders of the Mafia are referred to as “Bosses”, which sole responsibility is to control their family, find was to gain revenue, and meet with other bosses to discuss what is best for the family. Gangs can be applied to social institutions because the majority of the members were born into the gang life. Generation to generation, gangs recruit young males and females that are loyal and have the ability to work the streets. Both the Mafia and gangs have various traits in common, some of those traits are: They both control their own territory; all members must get an approval before any action takes place (murders, robberies). They all follow certain codes and by laws such as (no snitching), no dating each other’s wives or main women, no stealing from each other, and no conducting on the side deals for extra money. If any of these codes are death becomes the next option...
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...August Vollmer Principles of Law Michelle Buckner Ned Watson April 9, 2013 August Vollmer August Vollmer was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Both of Vollmer’s parents were German immigrants. After the death of his father his mother took the family back to Germany. Two years later his family moved to San Francisco. When the Spanish- American war broke out Vollmer was old enough to enlist in the Army. He served one year. After he served in the war, Vollmer worked as a letter carrier. After years of working as a letter carrier Vollmer was approached to run for town marshal. He won the election. When Vollmer was elected the police department was is very poor condition. Crime was so bad that some trains refused to drive through. In 1908 Vollmer started the Berkley Police School. Police officers took courses to better educate them on how to be better officers. After Vollmer retired from the police department he continued to teach. As Vollmer got older he became very ill and decided to take his own life. August Vollmer August “Gus” Vollmer was born in New Orleans to German immigrant parents, John and Philopine Vollmer. His father was strict and saw to it that August learn to swim and box. His father died while he was young, leaving him with his mother and sibling. After the death of his father, Vollmer’s mother moved the family around several times. First they moved back to Germany. After just two years his mother moved the family back to New Orleans. Soon after that she...
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...Criminal Behavior Lorenzo Reid Virginia College Online Abstract The following paper will address the different areas of the Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior. Within this paper, every aspect from theories to what the law states when it comes to this state will be addressed. Criminal Behavior Doctor Leon Eisenberg once stated, "...persons who are seriously mentally ill are far more likely to be the victims of violence than its initiators." (Campbell) Yet how true is that? When it comes to mental illness, there have been several violent crimes that have been committed, and been blamed on mental illness. There are several shows for entertainment such as the show “Criminal Minds”, that attempts to bring a reality and understanding to mental illness and criminal behavior. This show gives a reality to the fact that people can be simply mentally ill and not simply criminals. In early society times, people simply did not take mental illness into account. It was thought that people, regardless of their mental state, should be accountable for their actions. Yet, in today’s society, this is not the case. Due to research and a better developed country, citizens are given an opportunity to show that their mental state was not steady when they committed a crime. So, what is it then, which motivated a person to kill or maim another? How can a person kill someone else, or a numerous amount of people, with no remorse? These questions and several...
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...Addiction Crime or Disease? Interim and Final Reports of the Joint Committee of the American Bar Association and the American Medical Association on Narcotic Drugs. INTERIM REPORT For the last half-century public authorities in the United States have been wrestling with the problem of controlling addiction to narcotic drugs. Since the twenties, legislation and enforcement policies have aimed at total repression, with criminal sanctions of notable severity attaching to every transaction connected with the non-medical use of drugs. Drug-law enforcement has become a major police activity of federal, state and local governments; the threat of long imprisonment, even of death penalties, hangs over not only the smuggler and the peddler, but the addict-victim of the illicit traffic. Addiction to narcotic substances has been recognized as a health problem for a long time and in many different countries. It has also in our times and in our national community, emerged as a criminal law problem of distressing magnitude and persistency. The fields of medicine and law are thus equally affected, and the Joint Committee which offers this report has undertaken its assignment with enthusiasm at the prospect of uniting its parent organizations in a common effort centered in an area where the concerns of each overlap and largely coincide. If the Joint Committee can contribute something towards mutual enlightenment and ultimate agreement between the medical and legal professions regarding the...
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...James Thomas, Senator for the State of Oklahoma To the Congress of the United States of America: When our Constitution was first drafted the Founding Fathers argued long and hard about the inclusion of a Bill of Rights .The key reason the Founders finally united and agreed to pass a Bill of Rights, even though the Federalists had initially argued that a piece of paper could not act to protect individual freedoms, was because they felt there had to be a way to “oblige the government to control itself,” (Postell). There are many searches of colonists’ private homes and their inability to protect themselves from such intrusions by the British Crown led the Founders to pass the Fourth Amendment (Flex Your Rights Foundation). At its core, the Fourth Amendment protects the right of the people to be free from an absolute government intrusion and from a government that has run wild with its own power. The Fourth Amendment says (Findlaw): The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. People have a right to feel safe in their houses and property cannot be lost to government action simply because the government has the power. To protect people from government intrusion and its...
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