...com/ ) Use the Internet, library, and unit resources to research each of the following four approaches for developing a presentation: a speech or lecture a workshop a discussion a group activity You are expected to do the following: Explain the reasons why or when you would use each of these approaches. Describe how the three attributes of the Rhetorical Triangle (speaker, audience, and situation) are utilized in each of the four approaches LAYOUT OF PAPER: Part 1: A speech or lecture - Begin this section of your paper by explaining how, why and/or when you would use a speech or lecture to develop a presentation. - Then you should explain how the three components of the Rhetorical Triangle (i.e., the speaker, the audience, and the situation) operate within the dynamics of a speech or lecture. Part 2: A workshop - Begin this section of your paper by explaining how, why and/or when you would use a workshop to develop a presentation. - Then you should explain how the three components of the Rhetorical Triangle (i.e., the speaker, the audience, and the situation) operate within the dynamics of a workshop. Part 3: A discussion - Begin this section of your paper by explaining how, why and/or when you would use a discussion to develop a presentation. - Then you should explain how the three components of the Rhetorical Triangle (i.e., TO Download Complete Tutorial Hit...
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...Rhetorical Analysis No matter what fields you are in, we as academic writers will be familiar with rhetorical choices. Rhetorical choices play an important role in writing. They’re the “key ingredients” in a paper in order to capture readers’ attention and achieve writers’ purposes. When I was in Human Resource Organization Behaviors 101 class, professor Thomas Shirley assigned an ethics case for each group. I joined a group of five people and we got together for several group meetings. Finally, I was assigned to compose the “Ethical Analysis” section. Toward to the paper deadline, we produced the paper called “Starbucks: Friend or Foe.” The purpose of the assignment was to argue that whether the company’s decision was ethical when Starbucks fired employees for supporting unions and applied the four-component model of ethical decision making to this case. Discourse community is an essential factor when composing a paper. According to “Students Writing Handbook”, discourse community is a unique communication tool which people use to communicate with their readers within their fields (30). Since the paper was written for a required upper division major core course, the discourse community is all business majors. The genre was a general business paper with three sections: case summary, ethical analysis, and recommendations. We are college students are trained to become more professional in our careers. As a result, my group paper’s intended audiences were only Professor Thomas Shirley...
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...Journal #3 A rhetorical situation has four constituents that are valuable to a discussion. Of these are the rhetors, exigence, audience, and constraints. The two most important elements of a rhetorical situation are the rhetors and the constraints. Without these there wouldn't be a conversation. In order for a conversation to take place, there needs to be exigence. Rhetorical exigence is defined as “the rhetor’s sense that a situation both calls for a discourse and might be resolved by discourse” (Grant-Davie 206). The exigence is what sparks the discussion on a topic. Something must have occurred to motivate a conversation that may resolve or start a debate. Exigence is tied together with the discourse, “what the discourse is about becomes…a...
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...Part I: Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation in Ronald Reagan’s Challenger Address. In this article, using the rhetorical situation, I will dissect the logical circumstance of the authentic discourse "The Challenger Address" conveyed by the 40th president of the United States, Ronald Reagan. The rhetorical situation is comprises of four components: audience, event, speaker and occasion, each one surveying the nature of discourse. Americans had elevated requirements of the space programs, which proposed to give the United States an extraordinary feeling of accomplishment. The importance of the space project lies basically in which symbolized American grandness in science and innovation (Lambright). Therefore, the gathering of people of Reagan's discourse was American open; the individuals who had encountered the shocking national misfortune of seven American space explorers came about because of the disappointment of space administration. Confirmations of Reagan continually including American subjects predominate...
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...Rhetorical analysis, according to Susan-miller Cochran, Roy Stamper, and Stacey Cochran, is a form genre that analyze the text’s rhetoric context (30). Susan-miller Cochran, Roy Stamper, and Stacey Cochran states “In a rhetorical analysis, the writer uses rhetorical framework to understand how the context of the text help create meaning,” (30). The rhetorical framework writers use is rhetorical context that is; the author, the audience, the topic and the purpose (21,30). This is a key component in success for college because analyzing the text to understand the essential elements in the text, helps identify and “create” meaning (30). Rhetoric analysis will allow students to achieve a deeper comprehension of the text, contributing to students...
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...Luke Martino Writing 102 12/9/15 Writing 102 Portfolio Throughout this semester of Writing 102, I have been assigned to write four essays that have stressed the course competencies of subject matter knowledge, writing process knowledge, rhetorical knowledge, genre knowledge, discourse community knowledge, and meta-cognition. Through the process of drafting, editing, and revising three out of the four papers, I think I have been effectively able to absorb three of those course competencies; subject matter knowledge, rhetorical knowledge, and writing process knowledge. The first paper I was assigned to write for Writing 102 was a literacy narrative. For this paper, I was told to write about a past experience that helped influence my current writing and reading qualities. The core competencies that were involved in this essay were writing process knowledge and subject matter knowledge. I used writing process knowledge when I was told to generate ideas for my essay. I began by thinking of five possible ideas and from there I created a brainstorming web out of the two topics I thought would be the most interesting. Shortly after starting, I realized I could only build an effective brainstorming web from one idea. I decided to use the first time I forgot my lines in a play as my main idea for the essay. After I completed the brainstorming web and finished taking notes on what I remembered from the incident I started to follow the writing process that consisted of prewriting...
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...make public policy civic virtue model vs. civil society model public sphere, society vs. community habitus transmission model of communication public sphere model of communication theory & practice Textbook Chapter 1: "Public Speaking & Public Sphere" transmission model, public sphere model, circulation Lecture 2: From Claim to Speech inherency - is a stock issue in policy debate that refers to a barrier that keeps a harm from being solved in the status quo. constraints (lecture 2 & textbook ch. 5) rightness of fit topic vs. claim a rhetorical claim vs. a philosophical claim components of a good claim Lecture 3: Audience Adaptation discursive identity - A state of identity defined by the descriptors used to define an individual social constitution vicious relativism speech event conditioning composite audience scopus - the object of a directed gaze, a 'target stasis theory - is a four-question, pre-writing (invention) process. stasis theory asks writers to investigate and try to determine: The facts (conjecture) The meaning or nature of the issue (definition) The seriousness of the issue (quality) The plan of action (policy). constitutive rhetoric - the capacity of language or symbols to create a collective identity for an audience, especially by means of condensation symbols, literature, and narratives. rhetoric as adaptation discourse community - groups that have goals or purposes, and use communication to achieve these...
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...Chapter 1: Introducing Public Speaking Four Characteristics of Public Speaking: 1. Public speaking features communication between a speaker and an audience 2. Public speaking is audience centered 3. Public speaking emphasizes the spoken word 4. Public speaking is usually a prepared presentation What is the historical tradition of public speaking? As far back as the fifth century B.C.E., all adult male citizens in the Greek city-state of Athens had a right to speak out in the assembly and vote on proposals relating to civic matters. The ancient Greeks were the first people to think formally about rhetoric as well as a subject. Many of Aristotle’s ideas influence the study of public speaking even today. What are the main components of the transactional model of communication? How is this model different than the linear model? The linear model process involves several key elements. Specifically a person with an idea to express is the source, and the idea, that he or she conveys to the audience constitute the message. Sources communicate their messages to one or more receivers, who try to make sense of the messages by decoding. In the transactional model, the participants in a public speaking exchange seek to create a shared meaning – a common understanding with little confusion and few misinterpretations. How does critical thinking influence public speaking? When you engage in critical thinking, you carefully evaluate the evidence and...
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...Rhetorical Analysis Many people believe hospitals are one of the safest place to be when sick, injured, or in need of care. This article suggests hospitals have many risk factors that are taken into consideration during the care of a patient. Post truth is defined as one's opinion with reasoning, instead of a pure fact. People will still consider a hospital a very safe place, even though the risk factors can be very high. Pathos and logos are the main rhetorical component I will be focusing on. Majority of this article is based on reasoning and opinions. Logical and Ethical components are combined in this article about risk factors in nursing. The set-up on this website is very different than most websites. It has seven different sections,...
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...MUET/RSQ800 MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH TEST (MUET) REGULATIONS, TEST SPECIFICATIONS, TEST FORMAT AND SAMPLE QUESTIONS The information in this booklet applies to the end-2008 MUET and thereafter until further notice. 1 MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA (MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL) CHIEF EXECUTIVE MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL BANGUNAN MPM, PERSIARAN 1 BANDAR BARU SELAYANG 68100 BATU CAVES SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN MALAYSIA Telephone: 03-6136 9663 Facsimile: 03-6136 1488 Email: ceo@mpm.edu.my Website: www.mpm.edu.my © Malaysian Examinations Council 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopied, recorded or otherwise without prior permission in writing to the Chief Executive, Malaysian Examinations Council. 2 NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a belief in and devotion to God. Such effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal wellbeing as well as being able to contribute to the betterment of the family, the society and...
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...researching, planning and carrying out activities in order to obtain the best results. It also determines the most effective manner to communicate with an organization’s stakeholders. Strategies are guidelines consisting of planned actions and program components. Public relations practitioners have to analyze situations and conceptualize appropriate strategies to better the organization’s public relations position in the eyes of its stakeholders. In order to identify the appropriate strategy to use, public relations practitioners fall back on the four key theories of public relations – discourse, rhetorical, ethical and critical. These theories help in defining the public relations plan and strategy by assisting in evaluating, examining, planning and performing public relations activities such as gaining publicity, providing entertainment, disseminating information and developing national public information campaigns. Depending on the outcome the organization hopes to achieve and its current circumstances, professionals would seek to apply the most appropriate theory applicable to their situation. Rhetorical theory Rhetoric is defined as the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing. (Online Oxford Dictionaries, 2012) Rhetorical theory, examines the various methods in which language, signs or symbols are carefully selected and organized by the practitioner to produce persuasive and meaningful messages in order to better the organization’s position in the eyes of its publics...
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...Using Facebook to Teach Rhetorical Analysis Jane Mathison Fife The attraction of Facebook is a puzzle to many people over the age of thirtyfive, and that includes most college faculty. Yet students confess to spending significant amounts of time on Facebook, sometimes hours a day. If you teach in a computer classroom, you have probably observed students using Facebook when you walk in the room. Literacy practices that fall outside the realm of traditional academic writing, like Facebook, can easily be seen as a threat to print literacy by teachers, especially when they sneak into the classroom uninvited as students check their Facebook profiles instead of participating in class discussions and activities. This common reaction reflects James King and David O’Brien’s (2002: 42) characterization of the dichotomy teachers often perceive between school and nonschool literacy activities (although they are not referring to Facebook specifically): “From teachers’ perspectives, all of these presumably pleasurable experiences with multimedia detract from students’ engagement with their real work. Within the classroom economy technology work is time off task; it is classified as a sort of leisure recreational activity.” This dichotomy can be broken down, though; students’ enthusiasm for and immersion in these nonacademic literacies can be used to complement their learning of critical inquiry and traditional academic concepts like rhetorical analysis. Although they read these texts daily...
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...CHAP TER Rhetorical Modes 1. NARRATION L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S 10 1. Identify the purpose and structure of narrative writing. 2. Recognize how to write a narrative essay. Rhetorical modes simply mean the ways in which we can effectively communicate through language. This chapter covers nine common rhetorical modes. As you read about these nine modes, keep in mind that the rhetorical mode a writer chooses depends on his or her purpose for writing. Sometimes writers incorporate a variety of modes in one essay. In covering the nine rhetorical modes, this chapter also emphasizes these as a set of tools that will allow you greater flexibility and effectiveness in communicating with your audience and expressing your ideas. rhetorical modes The ways in which we effectively communicate through language. 1.1 The Purpose of Narrative Writing Narration means the art of storytelling, and the purpose of narrative writing is to tell stories. Any time you tell a story to a friend or family member about an event or incident in your day, you engage in a form of narration. In addition, a narrative can be factual or fictional. A factual story is one that is based on, and tries to be faithful to, actual events as they unfolded in real life. A fictional story is a made-up, or imagined, story; the writer of a fictional story can create characters and events as he or she sees fit. However, the big distinction between factual and fictional narratives is based on a writer’s purpose...
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...Introduction “Yesterday, December 7, 1941 – a date which will live in infamy – the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan” (Roosevelt, p.1). This was the opening statement of Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s address to the nation the day after Japan invaded American territory. Following the Pearl Harbor attacks, Roosevelt gave a powerful speech that was a call to arms and in his speech he expressed outrage towards Japan and confidence in the job of our armed forces. The speech was a request to declare war against Japan and to bring the United States into World War II. His use of rhetorical techniques effectively aided in grasping the attention of his audience and reminded the...
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...IMAGES IN ADVERTISING: THE NEED FOR A THEORY OF VISUAL RHETORIC In this article, we are dealing with a meaning and representative reality of pictures. In todays world there are many pictures, shown and done in many different ways. We have various kinds of pictures in rich colours and textures. The objective of this article is to reorient the study of advertising images by advocating the development of a theory of visual rhetoric. When we are taking about rhetorical theory, we say that it is an interpretative theory that frames a message as an interested party’s attempt to influence an audience. The sender’s message must be send as obvious one. It is also important how the message is sent – style of delivery. It is important that audience understand the message, therefore he uses shared knowledge of various vocabularies and conventions. Receiver/s use this same body of cultural knowledge to read the message, infer it, evaluate the argument and formulate a response. If we want to explain advertising images as a rhetoric one, we need to understand that visuals must have certain capabilities and characteristics. Visual elements are for representing concepts, abstractions, actions, etc. There must be an ability to guide the order of argumentation and visual elements need to carry meaningful variation in manner of delivery. To explain a visual communication complex we would need a symbol theory of pictures: one in which visuals signify by convention and not by resemblance to...
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