...Assignment On Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment Course Title Development Economics Course Code F-210 Submitted To AlfarunnaharRuma Lecturer Dept. of Economics Submitted By Group- 01 Session: 2010-2011 Finance & Banking JatiyaKabiKaziNazrul Islam University Trishal, Mymensingh Submission Date: 24 January 2013 Members of group one Serial No. | Name | ID Number | 01 | Md.DelowerHossain | 11132601 | 02 | MahimaAkter | 11132602 | 03 | PankazePadaBhoumik | 11132603 | 04 | MahmudulHasan | 11132604 | 05 | SadiqurSattarAkand | 11132605 | Globalization and its impact on women rights and empowerment INTRODUCTION In the 21st century, globalization has become the ‘Zeitgeist’ re-shaping different dimensions in life. Globalization also affects women’s rights and its overall impact on women has become a critical agenda in gender-related studies. In an attempt to empirically investigate this argument, much of the literature focuses on the effects of economic integration on women’s economic activities. These studies look into the impact of globalization on women through an angle of traditional trade theory, comparative advantage and competition, thus analyzing whether economic integration could create more employment opportunities for women and increase their wages. This focus on economic integration and women’s employment raises the question of how certain types of economic reform affect particular forms of women’s rights and welfare. It is not...
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...Globalization, the Feminization of Labor, and Women’s Resistance: Convergence and Divergence in the Global North and the Global South Globalization is considered to be one of the most important forces of change in contemporary society, ushering in greater integration and interdependency within countries and facilitating the unprecedented expansion of the global economy. However, globalization also creates uneven outcomes and widens the gap between the global North and South. A key-defining feature of globalization is the restructuring of production, made contingent by the increased competition between firms and corporations. The global restructuring process of production has a tremendous impact on labor relations within countries and directly affects women’s work. For one, the restructuring of production to reflect a global division of labor reflect and reinforce economic disparities between the global North and the global South through the changing nature of employment and labor force requirements. Likewise, global restructuring inevitably result in patterns of flexibilization and feminization of labor (Gills, 2002, p. 107). In particular, the tendency towards the feminization of labor in the new global economy has resulted in “the devaluing of jobs, the shift from full time to part time, the shift from jobs with upward mobility to dead end jobs, the increasing informality/casualization of the labor force” (Nagar, et. al., 2002, p. 263). The changes brought about by...
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...ASSESS THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON GENDER EQUALITY IN THE PHIILIPPINES Our world today is fast changing than ever and one of the greatest change we are experiencing is related to globalization. “The term globalization is widely used to describe a variety of economic, cultural, social and political change that have shaped the world over the last fifty (50) years (Guttal, 2010).” It is treated to be the product of fast phasing technological change, societal and economic progress. Song (2006) likewise claims that globalisation “encompasses myriad fluid networks of increased human communication and interaction, global consciousness, system of interdependence and societal restructuring with far reaching consequences” (Song 2006, cited by Metcalfe and Reese, 2010). But when doesglobalisation begun in the Philippines? Does it come during the Spaniard colonization, the American occupation or probably during the arrival in Manila of thosestately galleons from Mexico. According to O’Rourke and Williamson, globalisation existed even during the time of Columbus, but its dramatic change in almost all parts of the world has been felt only during the dawn of the nineteenth century (O'Rourke& Williamson,2004). As globalization progresses in the Philippines, it had brought both positive and negative impacts specifically on women. Women has always been considered in the context of globalization, since they are the ones who always suffers itsnegative impact. Hence...
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...Abstract Globalization is the buzzword of today. Globalization means bringing the world together, making the world interactive and effective. The economies of the world are being increasingly integrated. It is very debatable issue since it affects every single human being in this earth and plays a major role in every second and in every issue of the entire universe. Mobile phones and Internet have brought people closer. The world is becoming a smaller place. It brings the local market and the global market in a bond which creates new ideas and thoughts to both the market. Goods, which were once confined to western countries, are available across the globe. Work can be outsourced to any part of the world that has an Internet connection. Because of improvements in traffic infrastructure one is able to reach one’s destination in a relatively short span of time. This paper clearly speaks about the impact of globalization and the challenges faced by it in the world. It speaks about the impact in developed and developing countries of the world. Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 5 Definition of Globalization 5 Globalization trend in the past golden years 5 CHAPTER 2 8 Positive impact of Globalization 8 Challenges faced due to Globalization 9 Comparison between Benefits and Challenges 11 CHAPTER 3 13 Impact on developed countries 13 Impact on developing countries 14 Conclusion 15 Case Study 15 References 16 CHAPTER 1 Definition of Globalization As a term globalization...
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...Impact of Globalization On Trade & employment Globalization is the process by which the world is interconnected through technology and powerful infrastructure for the purpose of communicating and managing resources. Globalization seems to talk about several vibrant phenomena which ensure two major components. Firstly, they function across national boundaries and secondly, they result in higher incorporation or interdependence of human societies. It is therefore one aspect of development that affects the world in general, from every point of human view. There are numerous ways in which globalization has impacted the world today. Some of these include modification of worldwide environment in investment, management, machinery, policy-making, economics, and societal conditions, which shaped breaks aimed at the entrepreneurial initiatives to develop global trades at tremendous speed. These would encourage more trading and employment opportunities for individuals across the globe. Globalization offers a boundless opportunity for business endeavors to develop their trade all over the world. Ways in which trade can be linked to globalization. The first way may include the exceptional progress of foreign direct investment. This has been enabled by ease of internet accessibility all over the world. Secondly, there could be increased competitive advantage, through specialization and division of labor, as different countries can specialize on what they can produce best. The growth...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMAL SECTOR Submitted By: Ameen Gupta- 2009tt10774 Parvej- 2009tt10813 Siddarth Sachdeva- 2009ph10746 INTRODUCTION Globalization comes up with the process of more interconnection between various entities like nations, organizations, individuals, etc. This interaction creates the migration of human resources, technology transfer, capital flow, etc. Thereby, this process of globalization results in the increase in quality, quantity or production and thus makes various organizations profitable. In the race of survival, it enhances the competition level among various players in terms of their brand value set according to the needs of the people. This phenomenon of competition plays a crucial role for these existing service providing players as well as for the end consumer or public at large. For service providing players, it decides the cost benefit analysis and makes it less generally due to the presence of various other players simultaneously. For public, it makes things easily available and at comparatively low prices of varied varieties. The phenomenon of globalization also generates employment. These jobs are largely created in formal sectors. It also results in employment increase in the informal sector. The formal sector is directly visible in a country and is under scrutiny and supervision of the government through various trade and tax laws. This sector provides people the job security, standard working conditions and wage...
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...The impact of globalization on the economy Globalization is one of the main features of modern society. Today it covers almost all spheres of human activity, and its influence becomes more and more obvious. To talk about the effects of globalization, it is necessary to understand its nature and the factors, sources, which led to its emergence. Today majority of scientists agree that economic globalization “is the increasing economic interdependence of national economies across the world through a rapid increase in cross-border movement of goods, service, technology, and capital”. There are several sources of globalization. The first factor is technological advances. E-mail, the Internet, and the World Wide Web have significantly lowered the costs of transportation and communication in international trade and in doing business by and large. Next reason of globalization is trade liberalization that has led to more liberal world trading system. And finally source of globalization is creating globalized media, the arts, and popular culture with the widespread use of the English language for global communication. Of course there is not a complete list of the factors of globalization, but in my opinion, those mentioned sources are the most important. Globalization has significant impacts on all economies of the world, with various effects. There are heated debates around positive and negative effects of globalization. Leading pro-globalization arguments make a strong case that...
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...Globalization Globalization is defined as the worldwide interdependence of resource flows, product markets and business competition that characterize our new economy. It is hardly unnoticeable how countries, organizations, people, resources, money, services and information are all interrelated globally. Thanks to the improvements in communication and transportation technologies, such interrelation is more and more achieved. There are many positive effects of globalization such as the rise of some developing nations through increased employment and technological advances. However, one can never underestimate the negative effects, such as the declining national sovereignty and shift of domestic jobs overseas where labor is much cheaper. There is an intense debate about the true effects of globalization. I believe in order to decide whether globalization is good or bad depends mainly on where you stand. I will discuss some examples where both positive and negative effects are evident. One of the major globalization success stories is that of Samsung. Only twenty years ago, Samsung was only a local Korean low-cost original equipment manufacturer. Now, the brand is more valuable than Pepsi, Nike or American Express, with 227.3 billion in revenue in 2010 and 315,000 employees worldwide[1]. In order for such a drastic transformation to occur, Samsung faced lots of challenges and had to employ radical strategies to become one of the most successful globalizers. In order to compete...
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...Globalization has indeed brought a lot changes in the International System which does constitute smaller actors like those from the third world countries especially Africa. Globalization can be said to be a unitarization factor of the world hence making the world look like one whole entity. Globalization has both positive and negative impacts to Africa as a continent. It is no doubt that globalization has promoted greater respect for human rights, democracy, liberalized trading, technology, and contributed to the development of African press. This has strongly opened African countries to far greater scrutiny than in the past, making life hard for African governments to get away with excessive and blatant abuses of democratic leadership governance and transparency. Moreover, the technological revolution presupposes the free movement of goods, information, and people across national boundaries. It has an effect on employment patterns worldwide by the contribution to a great deal of outsourcing which is one of the best organizational and industry structure shifts these changes the way business operates. Further, Globalization is changing organizational structures where expenses can move up or down as the business climate dictates. In terms of positive economic opportunities globalization is the establishment of new economic opportunities for corporations, small businesses, through the access to global markets. Kenya has benefited from globalization by increasing the share of exports...
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...Globalization has an important advantage of this world. The globalization has increased the incorporation of nations in different aspects which including economic, cultural, and political. This advantage of globalization has been clearer by the last 20 years. It has had effects on all countries. The United States is one of the countries, which has felt strongly the impacts of globalization. There is one side of globalization that the United States has experienced more that another, which is the rise of immigrants. Globalization has increased immigration by strengthening the free movement of people of different nations. The migration has involved most people from developing countries moving to Western and industry societies. The United States...
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...Globalization and Income Inequality in U.S. Globalization is the process of international integration, which the nation-states culturally, political, and economically interact with each other, creating a global society. Developing countries are modernizing, economies are constantly shifting, and technologies are advancing; however, as fascinating as globalization can be, it has several side effects. One of the key problems that is caused by globalization is income inequality between and within nations. The rich are getting richer and the lower class people are struggling to survive in this world. One example is the United States. Since the 1970s, its income inequality has been worsening, causing several major problems. This paper looks at US income inequality demonstrating the existence of this problem, the importance of addressing it, and the connection between such disparity and globalization, particularly economic and technological globalization. According to the data retrieved from the U.S. Census Bureau (See Appendix 2), it can be proved that income inequality exists. The real family data show that before 1975, all classes shared the prosperity, growing at a similar rate. Starting from 1973, the 95th Percentile (the level separating the 5 percent of the richest from the rest) rose at the same pace and increased approximately 60 percent; however, the growth of both the median (the level separating the half of the richer families from the other half) and the 20th Percentile...
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...assignment #1 Globalization is a worldwide trend, which generally refers to various phenomina that have elements such as cutting across national boundaries and resulting in higher intergration or interdependence of human societies. In terms of economic impacts, globalization provides benefits to individual economies by making markets more efficient, increasing competition, limiting military conflicts, and spreading wealth more equally around the world. However it also causes risks which tend to even outweigh the benefits. By outlining, some of the benefits of globalization include: * FDI (Foreign Direct Investment): boost technology transfer, industrial restructuring, and growth of global companies * Technological innovation: competition increased from stimulate technology, outputs improved by more efficient processes * Economies of scale: costs and prices reduced And some of the risks of globalization include: * Interdependence: regional or global instabilities from interdependence between nations * National sovereignty: rise of national states, multinational, global firms, and other international organisations * Equity distribution: national or international conflicts from inequalities of benefits The overall picture is that because of the world interconnectedness, what might have been considered to be a local problem can quickly become a global problem. Due to internaltional lending and trading, which has come as the result of globalization, the health...
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...Table of Contents: Pg #: Title Page 2 DECLARATION FORM 3 INTRODUCTION: 5 BACKGROUND: 6 Overview: 6 2.0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS – LITERATURE REVIEW 8 Public vs Private Sectors 8 Differentiate between formal & informal Sectors: 8 Private Sector Reforms: 9 Public Sector Reforms: 10 3.0 METHODOLOGY: 12 Primary Research: 12 Secondary Research: 12 POPULATION SAMPLING: 12 4.0 FINDINGS: DISCUSSION & ANALYSIS 12 Factors Contributing to the Change of Industrial Relations in the Region 12 Labor Reform Policies: 12 Globalization : 13 Economic integration 14 Change in Technology 14 Changes in Labor Law and Attitude towards Unions 15 Decentralization of Bargaining 15 Management Alteration 16 Conclusion: 17 The End . INTRODUCTION: Industrial relations today by many accounts, is in crisis. In academia, its traditional positions are threatened on one side by the dominance of mainstream economics and organizational behavior, and on the other by postmodernism. In policy-making circles, the industrial relations emphasis on institutional intervention is trumped by a neoliberal emphasis on the laissez faire promotion of free markets. In practice, labor unions are declining and fewer companies have industrial relations functions. The number of academic programs in industrial relations is therefore shrinking, and scholars are leaving the field for other areas, especially human resource management and organizational behavior. The importance...
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...paper is to assess the impact of globalization on the Caribbean business environment. Much has been written about globalization which is more accurately viewed as a process of change rather that an event which has already occurred. The impact of globalization on any environment can be both positive and negative and can be described as the enablers or the constraints which affect the decisions made by leaders, both government and business. It also refers to the way these choices affect the lives of all people. Scholars David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton developed a general framework for understanding the process and characteristics of globalization. The authors said that, “in its simplest sense globalization refers to the widening, deepening and speeding up of global interconnectedness. They also suggest that the process of Globalization does not only have one kind of impact or outcome but four different types namely Decisional, Institutional, Distributive and Structural: • Decisional impact. How does globalizing processes affect how individuals, corporations, organizations and governments make decisions? • Institutional impact. How does globalization change the agendas of organizations and individuals, structure their choices and influence their preferences? • Distributive impact. How does globalization change the way wealth and power are distributed within and among countries? • Structural impact. How does globalization structure patterns of...
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...Globalization has benefited developed countries more than developing countries. To what extend do you agree with this statement? Globalization is widely discussed subject. Therefore, it is not that easy to explain such a complicated term in simple words. The advancement in technology such as mobile phones, airplanes, telephones and the internet have made the growth of transport and communication networks possible and more convenient. This means that people and countries can exchange information and goods more quickly and in a less complicated way. This is called globalization. Since, there is an active trade among countries, the products that are manufactured are affordable. The products can be purchased by more people since they are priced cheap. However, the trade of economic goods and products are not only the matter that takes place, but also services, knowledge, cultural goods and even languages. Simply, globalization can be described as the borders being removed so that countries become economically, socially and politically interdependent on one another. There are both benefits and consequences to globalisation for developed and developing nations which impact aspects of society such as employment, level of foreign investment, brain drain/gain and aid (UNESCO, 2014). Globalization has helped countries to developed greatly in all the economy and society. Researchers from different parts of the world have gone through this topic and there are some of them who believe...
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