...Residential schools Residential schools represented the greatest form of abuse against the Indians by the government in the name of civilizing and assimilating them into Eurocentric values. This system of industrial schools was modeled along Carlisle Indian School in Pennsylvania whose intention was to alienate entire generations of Indian children from their language and culture. Indian children were taken away from their parents, relatives, friends, and communities to residential schools where they lost their culture and ability to communicate in the native tongue. This system of residential school has been equated to cultural genocide. The 1876 Indian Act gave the government the responsibility for native education and residential school...
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...Reconciliation Payments for All Indian Residential School Survivors CANADIAN BAR ASSOCIATION February 2005 PREFACE The Canadian Bar Association is a national association representing 38,000 jurists, including lawyers, notaries, law teachers and students across Canada. The Association’s primary objectives include improvement in the law and in the administration of justice. This submission was prepared by the National Aboriginal Law and the National Alternative Dispute Resolution Sections of the Canadian Bar Association, with assistance from the Legislation and Law Reform Directorate at the National Office. The submission has been reviewed by the Legislation and Law Reform Committee and approved as a public statement of the Canadian Bar Association. The Logical Next Step: Reconciliation Payments for All Indian Residential School Survivors Executive Summary At its Annual Meeting in August 2004, the Canadian Bar Association adopted a resolution1 calling for the government to go beyond the existing Indian Residential Schools Dispute Resolution process to provide a base payment to all survivors of Indian Residential Schools. The CBA recognizes the tragic legacy of Indian Residential Schools and the failure of the current options of either litigatio n or the dispute resolution process to resolve the situation. The harms caused by Indian Residential Schools are still profoundly felt by the individual students who attended the schools, as well as their families, communities...
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...of understanding how you fit into society. For most, understanding who you are is based on an understanding of where you come from (Wagamese, 1993). Many Aboriginal people identity themselves by their band, family, or nation which allows them to show historical roots and connection to their ancestral land. Others use their matrilineal or patrilineal genealogy to connect them to a nation or traditional territory. Regardless of the connection, this ability to identify with a community has deeper significance than merely labelling oneself, it serves as a reminder of one's spiritual connection to land, culture, and traditions, and helps to solidify one's self-concept (First Nations Studies Program [FNSP], 2009a). Many Aboriginal people in Canada have been disconnected from the opportunity to engage with the historical and cultural traditions that help shape their identities as Aboriginal peoples. This loss of cultural identity has left many Aboriginal people feeling as though they don't belong to either Aboriginal or mainstream society (Mehta, 2013). Furthermore, the negative stereotypes and racism toward Aboriginal people in society have caused, in some cases, a lack of respect for one's own Aboriginality. This lack of respect has many negative consequences: suicide and substance abuse among them (Jay, 2000). Research by Frideres (2008) suggests that, “Aboriginal identity today is about reclaiming suppressed culture and forging new identities, and projecting an Aboriginal identity...
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...Aboriginal Education: Has It Improved? Xiangli, Li (Bill) Student No. 214022362 AP/ESL 1450 R Thinking about the Contemporary Canada Mansour Safdari January 2015, Winter Outline Introduction: Ⅰ. Attention grabber: quotation back by the statistics. Ⅱ. Intro: With the progress of Canadian education, There is an increasing attention to the needs of Aboriginal children. Focusing on present-day Aboriginal education can reflect the status quo more precisely and will also bring benefits in overcoming the current obstacles for that Aboriginal students faced by native students. Ⅲ. Thesis: Through historical analysis and current situation, the paper will show that those some improvements have been made by the Canadian government, further changes are necessary to meet the requirements for the Aboriginal school-children. Body paragraph: Ⅰ. First and foremost, Along with the changes in Aboriginal education, I would like to ask “Has it improved?” And then I will start with the historical obstacles and gaps between Aboriginal children and native children. Ⅱ. Secondly, I would like to briefly show the difference between the past and present Aboriginal education and tell the readers what they are like. Like residential schools and educational system.More importantly, I would like to discuss the influences on the Aboriginal kids now. Ⅲ. Finally, I would like to demonstrate the progressions in education that the Aboriginal people...
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...UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: the role of languages and culture in the promotion and protection of the rights and identity of Indigenous peoples. The State of Indigenous Peoples’ Languages and Cultures in Canada Submission by Kontinónhstats - The Mohawk Language Custodians Submitted by: Kontinónhstats – The Mohawk Language Custodians 14A Sóse Onahsakenrat (Joseph Swan Road) Kanehsatà:ke, Quebec Canada J0N 1E0 Phone: 450-479-1651 Email: Ellen Gabriel kontinonhstats2@hotmail.com Hilda Nicholas kononkwe@inbox.com Table of Contents Page Executive Summary ………………………………………………………. 3 - 6 Introduction ……………………………………………………………….. 6 – 7 Current Situation ………………………………………………………..... 7 – 9 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………. 9 - 11 Recommendations ……………………………………………………….... 12 End Notes …………………………………………………………………...13 - 14 Annex 1………………………………………………………………………15 -16 Annex 2………………………………………………………………………17 Suggested Questions ………………………………………………………..18 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This submission on Indigenous languages, culture and identity demonstrates the manner in which Canada continues to practice institutionalized racial discrimination and assimilation against Indigenous peoples’ human rights and fundamental freedoms through the imposition of their policies and programs which are based upon the archaic legislation of...
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...In a country as wealthy as Canada, close to one million people continue to rely on food banks to provide themselves with basic necessities each month. Food Banks are used by a wide variety of people within Canada, ranging from children and families, to single people, to even individuals who are employed. People tend to use food banks because they are not able to maintain a healthy lifestyle on their own. Whether it is because of economic, social, or cultural reasons, many people have no other option but to do so. I have determined that the main cause of an increase in food bank usage in Canada is poverty. Within Canada, poverty has been an ever-present issue for many years. Although Canada is rated eighth on the Human Development Index, there continues to be a growing number of impoverished people. Individuals who are not able to provide themselves with the basic necessities of life are at an incredible disadvantage when it comes to maintaining their health and well-being. They can be exposed to many illnesses and life threats because they are not able to provide themselves with the resources needed to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Things such as food, shelter, and warmth all become optional for an individual living in poverty as they have little opportunity to better their life or living situations. Factors such as housing, education, employment, and environment are all equally important in determining an individuals economic standing. Specific groups such as Aboriginals can...
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...indigenous populations compared to non-indigenous populations. The author uses the 2009 General Social Survey of Canada to examine the influence of indigenous status and the corresponding confidence in the police. The author beings by addressing the importance in a democratic society to have confidence in the police as it links citizens to institutions which are designed to protect and serve them. People’s confidence in the police has been showed to increase willingness to report a crime, compliance with the law and to share information regarding criminal activity. Confidence in the police is defined in the study as multidimensional; it considers citizens confidence in the dependability, competency and respectfulness of the police. The results from the research indicated a statistically significant difference between aboriginal and non-aboriginal in the item “the police are doing a good job of treating people fairly” (512) The other significant differences between...
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...Poverty increasing rates during the last 10 years have been an issue in Canada in general, and a huge one for aboriginal communities on the reservations and in their territories. This is brought to mind because of a recent surge in suicide attempts in the Cree community which has drown a national attention to the effects of poor living conditions on First Nation's children. The reality is that these children live in poverty, and the situation is getting worse. The most recent available data from the national household survey was last updated back in 2011, and it shows that child poverty rates in aboriginal communities living on the reserves rose to staggering 60% in 2010 (MacDonald, Wilson. 4) The indigenous child poverty at the reservations is structural and systematic: it reveals a history of racism that goes back to the time of colonization. Canada's long history of residential schools and the under-funding of basic services on reserves have left aboriginal communities experiencing living conditions many would expect to see only in developing countries, not in a rich nation such as Canada. Too many aboriginal children live in abject poverty, and in many cases, without hope of improved prospects in the future....
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...up without parental guidance involved in criminal offenses in the early years. On the one hand, the six justices of the Supreme Court of Canada know the reality that most of the Aboriginal people are ended up spending time in prison compared to other Canadians. In accession, their opinion was that aboriginal descent lives in an unjust environment since their birth, and the lower court must find out a creative solution when handling with their shells. Further, they alleged the judge must weigh the elements outlined in R. v. Gladue, [ 1999] CanLII 679(SCC),[1999] 1.S.C.R. 688 (Neil Boyd 43). On the other hand, one judge of the Supreme Court of Canada held a different view than the bulk ones. What he said the public safety must be of prime concern than rehabilitation or reintegration of the offender, when sentencing the offender who breached LTSO (Neil Boyd 44). He also said that violation of...
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...The Aboriginal people of Canada hold significant importance to Canadian history and our country today, yet as a whole, the Aboriginal people of Canada differ from non-aboriginals in access to health care and overall health outcomes. Although the overall health of Aboriginals has been improving over the past 20 years (Health Canada, 2013), as a group, Aboriginal people still have the shortest life expectancies and poorest health (HCC, 2012). Literature and antidotal research as cited several factors they negatively affect health outcomes. An important barrier that this paper will discuss the concept of cultural safety as a barrier to access health care by Canadian Aboriginals. It will then define cultural safety and discuss the evolution of...
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...they were born in Canada. In fact, it is sometimes the occasion that even people from different races may tell you that they are "just" or "100%" Canadian, when you ask their background. On the other hand, it is somewhat important to look at some general stereotypes of Canadians such as living in igloos (Eskimos), hating wars (i.e. peacekeeping), loving hockey, eating at Tim Horton's, wearing fur hats, and having "free" healthcare. Of course, most of these stereotypes are frivolous and fallacious while some others are tolerable merely to extent. Nonetheless, some people in different countries of the world, especially the U.S, apparently choose to think of them as the main characteristics of Canadian people. When it comes to peacekeeping, most Canadians would think of Lester B. Pearson's actions for Canada, like establishing the United Nation Emergency Force, for solving the Suez Crisis, and the Policy of Bilingualism in Canada. Pearson's eloquent speech illustrates the peacekeeping nature exists in Canadians, particularly when he declares "I am grateful for the opportunities I have been given to participate in that work as a representative of my country, Canada, whose people have, I think, shown their devotion to peace." I remember the first day I set foot into Canada, on September 24th, 2009. Right after I entered the Lester Pearson International Airport, seeing people from different races had astonished me. Certainly, I did have some information about Canada (e.g. official...
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...conflict). High expectations of accountability in the formal legalities. The government must retain the confidence of the house (budget proposals) -legislative process: see above -party discipline: is linked to the idea of confidence, it operates through out the system. The general expectation is that members will vote along party lines. Pros: Accountability meaning that you know who is power and responsible for certain parts of the government, higher level of efficiency, fiscal and budgetary concerns, Cons: Can not always vote according to beliefs and values, inefficiency Federalism: Important driver of politics within Canada. To what extent are the types of different conflicts between the different levels of conflicts. Another reason why federalism exists is due in large part to the question of Quebec and the allocation of powers between french canada and the rest of the country. The Canadian State: Sovereignty 1867: Constitution Act, 1867 (BNA) 1926: The King-Byng Thing 1926: Nadan v. The King: criminal cases could be heard by the JCPC still The Balfour Declaration 1931: The statue of Westminster (formalize the separation of British and Canadian Government) 1949 Abolition of appeals to JCPC 1982: Constitution Act, 1982: Passed by the British Government (formally ammeter any requirement for the Canadian government to have to go to the British government for any...
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...The purpose of this literature review is to narrow my research as it relates to the overall health and well-being of Stó:lō communities, with intent to contribute to the literature and discourses around the importance of integrating Stó:lō Medicine and decolonization into the framework of Aboriginal Healthcare Policy as a means of preventative healthcare. Aboriginal health policy in Canada is a constantly evolving, diversifying and adapting to the needs of Aboriginal People. Additionally, the growth of the country has pushed policy to become more integrated with traditional Indigenous Medicines, and more understanding of the benefits of returning to traditional practices. Although there have been significant contributions to improving the relationship...
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...COLDWATER CANCER RATES 1 Community Project Proposal Investigation of Cancer Rates in Coldwater, British Columbia 9555093; 9555944; 9576304; T00044589 Thompson Rivers University NURS3500 Section 01 M. Taylor February 11, 2013 COLDWATER CANCER RATES Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 3 Purpose…………………………………………………………………………3 Importance of the Issue………………………………………………………...3 Assessment……………………………………………………………………...……...4 Determinants of Health ………………………………………………………………...5 Lifestyle Choices……………………………………………………………….5 Accessing Health Care………………………………………………………….6 Education ……………………………………………………………………….6 Literature Review……………………………………………………………………….6 Interventions……………………………………… …………………..………..………7 Creating Trusting Relationships……………………………………………….. 7 Increase Screening………………………………………………………………8 Education……………………………………..…………………………………9 Evaluation and Sustainability …………………………………………………………..9 References………………………………………………………………………………10 2 COLDWATER CANCER RATES Investigation of Cancer Rates in Coldwater, British Columbia Introduction The target population for this project is the band members of the Coldwater First Nations 3 Community (FNC), located 14 kilometers north of Merritt, British Columbia. There is a growing suspicion within the community that there is an increased prevalence of cancer which has been brought to the attention of the Scw’exmx Community Health Services Society (SCHSS). Purpose The purpose of this project is to collaborate with...
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...Chapter One Canadian Constitution * THE MOST IMPORTANT DOCUMENT IN CANADA!!!!!!!!!!! * Has the roles of ALL levels of the government and describes how they work together * Governor General * Executive * Legislative * Judicial * Also has things like ooooh, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms British Monarch * The governor general is the Queen’s representative here in Canada * They are the formal head of state * So no real power… * Considered part of the executive and legislative branch The Executive Branch * Prime Minister and the Cabinet are part of the executive * To become PM, you have to lead a political party and win the most seats in the HofC * The cabinet is chosen by the PM and they come from his political party * Makes most laws and goes through the process to enact them * Basically runs the government through the days * Cabinet ministers are given portfolios that they are responsible for * They research issues and help to propose laws from their portfolio * Ex. Agriculture, justice, foreign affairs are types of portfolios * Each cabinet runs their own affairs which is the day to day activity of the government. * Each cabinet minister has their own staff to help them Political Parties * Whoever has the most seats leads the government * Candidates run for election, party with most votes form government * Are considered organizations...
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