...more people who exist to fulfill a purpose and are interdependent or interact and influence each other, mutually accountable for achieving common goals, and perceive themselves as a social entity. Teams are groups, but groups are not the same as teams. Teams have task interdependence and some groups are just people gathered together. One example of a team is orchestra playing together at practice. They each have a specific role or musical piece they play, but the common task is getting the final musical piece mastered. Thus, who makes up teams and what type of teams are there. Many variations of teams exist such as, departmental teams, skunk works, which are small loosely structured corporate research and development units, or subsidiary formed to foster innovation. Some other types of teams include production/ service/ leadership teams, task force (project) teams, self-directed teams, virtual teams, advisory teams, and communities of practice. Some examples would include wound care teams in hospitals or unit practice counsels, infection control or any group of two people or more working toward the same task. Now, consider the members of the team. Individual members of a club, business, management department, or any other organization can come together to form a team. Now, consider the importance of teams and why it is important to rely on teams in the workforce. Teams provide valuable service for employers, employees, and customers/clients. When compared with individuals...
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...Today the practice has evolved into bull dodging, in which many of the traditional techniques of bullfighting are performed, but the bull is not killed. In Cathryn Bailey’s work in Ethics and the Environment (2007), when interviewing a protester in Spain about why bullfighting was still practiced, the protester asserted, “Bullfighting is as pervasive in Spain as baseball in the U.S., and bullfighters claim the same celebrity status as do sports stars here. But Spain honors cruelties that are unthinkable in the U.S.” In 2000, the Superior Court of Madrid affirmed this, ruling that bullfighting was both lawful and culturally significant, stating that it represents “the ancestral struggle between man and beast with deep roots in our country, a mix of courage, knowledge, and skill on the part of man against the spirit and fierce aggressiveness of the animal.” (Bailey,...
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...Ethical issues regarding the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports In the history of 20th century sports, specifically in the post World War 2 era, there has been an ever increasing use of performance enhancing drugs in all avenues of sport. Sports have become money making machine for both athletes and big business and the “win at all costs” attitude which has permeated itself into all aspects of professional and college level athletics. Winners make money, losers don’t. The temptation of fame, notoriety and million dollar contracts in all venues of sport is a lure for many athletes. Elite professional athletes are worshiped in today’s society. This paper will elaborate on the use of performance enhancing drugs in the sporting world and the associated sports ethical issues. It is a majority belief in all sporting circles that the “true” spirit of sportsmanship does not allow any aspect of performance enhancing drugs. There are several arguments both in favor and against the use of performance enhancing drugs which will be presented and discussed in this paper. While addressing this ethical issue, we need to define the term ethics. Ethics can be defined as the socially accepted norms and values. These norms and values are varied from society to society and are based on culture and tradition. Ethics also could be defined as the unsaid, un-written and understood laws that prevail in a society. Ethics also cover what is right and what is wrong in society and teaches...
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...that can easily be held accountable for the cultivation and spread of steroids. This “high-class” group can denote the contrary of ethics; that is, revealing actions which tend to expose a sense of narcissistic personal qualities that hinder our beliefs of what is right and what is wrong. At one point or another, performance enhancing substances outspokenly seem to enter every professional athlete’s mind. The issue of steroids or any performance enhancing drugs in this matter has significantly heightened recently and seems to be a legitimate issue within professional sports. In an attempt to meet expectations and standards, reduce the pressures to perform, and alleviate public scrutiny, many professional athletes are left quivering in fear whether or not to take the two-faced drug that’s so readily adhered to by many. In my attempt to explore the mainstream issue of steroids in professional sports, I wish to focus on three imperative aspects that will help assist in the configuration of such a prevailing concern. How do steroids operate in the body? The biological construction of steroids is essential and must be deconstructed in order to interpret and understand exactly what these drugs are, how they function, and their main objective. What drives athletes to such inhuman decisions to use performance enhancing drugs such as steroids? Every athlete who performs such a drug...
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...Friedman Family Assessment The Friedman Family Assessment is a tool used to assess the “family as a whole, as part of the whole of society, and as an interaction system” (Lancaster & Stanhope, 2008, p. 569). The Friedman Family Assessment has certain assumptions for the families that are assessed with this tool. These assumptions include the families are “a social system with functional requirements, a small group possessing certain generic features common to all small groups, as a social system accomplishes functions that serve the individual and society, and individuals act in accordance with a set of internalized norms and values that are learned primarily in the family through socialization” (Lancaster & Stanhope, 2008, p. 569). The following is a Friedman Family Assessment of the Pedroza family. Identifying Data The Pedroza family resides in Temple City, California. The ethnicity of the family is that of mixed races that include Latin American and Hispanic. The family’s religious preference is Catholic. Their social class status is that of middle class. Their social class mobility recently changed as in the past two years, they have been recently renting a house in Temple City, California. Prior to residing in their rented house, they were living with a relative and sharing the property and household space. Developmental Stage and History of Family The Pedroza family is in Friedman’s Middle-Class North American Family Life Cycle stage three: Families with young...
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...play or want to play sports, I often find myself asking the question if being involved in sports beneficial to children. Some believe that the risk is not worth the reward. Sports are very physical and can potentially cause harm to children and their bodies. Many parents and coaches put a lot of emphasis on winning, which can lower a child’s self-esteem if they do not win. It would be safe to say that there are several negative aspects to children playing sports, but past experience and research shows that the positives of children playing sports far outweigh those negative aspects. Sports can have a positive impact on a child’s life and can help them grow as an athlete and a person, and a child that plays sports can benefit mentally, physically, academically, and socially. Playing team sports can provide mental and emotional benefits for a child in many ways. Playing sports as a child can build mental and emotional capacity through improving self-esteem, introducing teamwork, and teaching a child to be unselfish. Growing up as a person who played sports as both a child and adult, I have experienced these mental and emotional benefits and understand the value in playing sports. My mother once told me that it does not matter what you do in life as long as you are good at it, and it brings joy into your life. This quote has always stuck with me throughout my life, and I first used it when playing sports. The first team sport I started playing was baseball when I was seven years...
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...INTRODUCTION Sprinkles is a cupcake business based in Singapore that provides the best quality cupcakes you will ever taste. The mission of the business is to let you bite into one of our moist, divine cupcakes with sumptuous frosting & delicious toppings, such that one would think of Sprinkles when they think of cupcakes. Sprinkles create memorable cupcakes for special events in life. The business will provide catering service for events such as wedding, baby showers, graduation, birthday parties and more. Customers are able to customise decorations on the cupcakes to make it truly unique. Sprinkles will be situated at central region of Singapore as there is a huge volume of human traffic flow. Besides purchasing from the store, customers are able to order cupcakes through our online website, www.sprinkles.com.sg 2. Planning Porter’s Five Competitive Forces: 1) Rivalry Among Existing Firms This refers to the number of competitors, rate of industry growth, price competition. The number of competitors available in the market would be fairly low. This is due to the fact that the cupcake business is a relatively new concept in Singapore. The rate of industry growth would affect the business positively, as the cupcake industry is growing rapidly and has lots of potential. New product introduction would be done monthly to attract current and new customers. This would be a good way to assess and create new cupcake flavours to cater to the market. The factors...
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...Features of Weightlifting Introduction Religion has evolved from a belief of a spiritual being. Many aspects of life and activities can be considered a religion depending on the context. Several sports, such as baseball and football, have been analyzed and identified as a religion. However, no research has yet to determine whether weightlifting can correspond as a religion. Through peer reviewed sources, fitness articles, a self case study and qualitative research, it is possible to identify the religiousness of weightlifting. Key Definitions of Religion Gautheir (2004) examined the factors that make a contemporary religion using raving as the subject. Raving focuses on meaning, intensity and community, with the usage of psychedelics a sense of collective euphoria is associated with the sacred experiences ravers feel making it like a religion (Gautheir, 2004). Blazer (2012) correlates sports and religion, stating that sports are considered a religion when the definitions are of: communities, creed, code and cultuses. Similarly, Woodhead (2011) offers a comprehensive definition of religion by breaking it down to five categories: culture, identity, relationship, practice and power. Both sports and religion have concerns, social systems, traditions, symbols and gather communities together (Stuhlsatz, 1994). Blazer's (2012) explanation of communities: as groups of people either formally or informally bound together by the creed, code and cultus...
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...functions of sport such as feelings of belongingness and social identification, the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, and the role sport plays as a cultural element to bring meaning to life. Additional attention will be given to aspects of extra-sport character behavior and a determination of whether or not such behaviors support sport stereotypes and/or deviant characteristics. Through internet research, library study, and the use of periodical articles found in the ProQuest databases, I intend to apply the functionalist model of society to show that the fictional football team “The Miami Sharks” highlighted in the movie supports stability and equilibrium in the community of Miami based on common interests and convictions. The world of professional sports, especially professional football, is a world that most will only see on the television or through movies. “Any Given Sunday,” by Oliver Stone, is one such movie. It highlights a portion of a season for the fictional team The Miami Sharks with the interpersonal struggles on and off the field experienced by the characters related to the team. This paper explores the movie “Any Given Sunday” and attempts to discuss the movie in detail by focusing on the socially acceptable outlet for hostile and aggressive feelings, masculinity and gender roles, religion in sport, race in sports, character examples of the personal functions of sport such as feelings of belongingness and social identification...
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...Running head: Seminole People Phenomenological Community Phenomenological Community of the People of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma Shannyn Lincoln, Alice Dodoo Raji, Bayo Olaoye, and Andrea Pilkay Grand Canyon University: NRS-427V Concepts in Community and Public Health May 18, 2012 Phenomenological Community of the People of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma The phenomenological community of the people of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a community rich in culture and tradition that has been passed through teachings from generation to generation. The community is located in eastern Oklahoma and includes the members of the Seminole Nation as well as other tribes that live in the area and members of other races that have married into the families of the community members. The purpose of this assessment is to describe the community and provide an analysis of this community and their needs. Description of Boundaries The People The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma is a federally recognized Seminole tribe based in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest of the three federally recognized Seminole organizations. Its members are descendants of the majority of the Seminole in Florida in the 1830s, which were forcibly removed to Oklahoma. Native Americans make up 22% of the population of Seminole County (nso-nsn.gov). According to the Seminole Nation Tribal Enrollment Office the Seminole County service population is 5,315 Tribal citizens. The total...
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...their tourism industry through extensive marketing and development. Indeed, the start of the 21st century witnessed various growing tourism trends that other nations followed and applied. Among these are the developments observed in global tourism’s latest visitor attractions. Thus, in this brief essay, the different tourism trends worldwide will be described. How these trends had affected the latest visitor attractions will also be discussed. Latest Trends Sports Tourism Sports in general have been an important aspect of global culture; it is in the conduction of sports where language and cultural barriers are replaced by the universal eagerness for such activities. Recently, several sports activities are being held in different countries, which in turn attracted a number of tourists. Diving, golf and yachting are some of the latest activities under sports tourism that are attracting a significant travel market portion, particularly in Europe, Unites States and Japan. The growing interest of foreign travelers for sports attractions is further stressed by the results of a statistical report where 62% of international tourism...
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...complexion, light brown hair, tall, stout and broad shoulders like his paternal grandfather. Patrick is very friendly and outgoing like his mother, while Abigail is shy and reserved like her dad. Patrick, who likes to dance loves being the center of attention and whenever he enters a room all attention, must be on him. In contrast, you’ll hardly notice Abigail is in the very same room and she is quite content with that. “Slugs and snails and puppy-dogs' tails, that’s what little boys are made of?” I beg to differ. Abigail likes riding the lawnmower whenever my brother-in-law decides to mow the lawn. She shies away from shopping malls preferring to accompany her father and his buddies on fishing and hunting trips and she can play baseball better than any boy I know. I can recall when the children were younger that Abigail would take frogs out of a pond near their house to torment her brother. Patrick would run away from her screaming “like a girl,” she would say. She enjoys football and playing video games and probably has just as much male friends as her brother. It was nature which...
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...OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER This chapter focuses upon the manager as a feeling, thinking human being. It opens with a description of enduring personality characteristics that influence how managers perform their jobs, as well as how they view other people, their organizations, and the world around them. It then discusses how managers’ values, attitudes, moods, and level of emotional intelligence can impact the way they perform their job. The chapter closes with a discussion of organizational culture and explains how managers both create and influence it. LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Describe the various personality traits that affect how managers think, feel, and behave. (LO1) 2. Explain what values and attitudes are and describe their impact on managerial action. (LO2) 3. Appreciate how moods and emotions influence all members of an organization. (LO3) 4. Describe the nature of emotional intelligence and its role in management. (LO4) 5. Define organizational culture and explain how managers both create, and are influenced by, organizational culture. (LO5) MANAGEMENT SNAPSHOT: PAETEC’S CULTURE OF CARE PAETAC Communications is a privately owned broadband telecommunications company that provides local, long distance, and Internet services in 27 markets across the U.S. In the face of its troubled industry, PAETAC has experienced a phenomenal growth rate. This earned the company the number two spot on Deloitte Technology’s Fast 100 list, which ranks the technology industry’s...
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...ARTICLES Sociology o Sport Journal, 1998, 15, 1-20 f O 1998 Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. "Disciplining the Body": HIV-Positive Male Athletes, Media Surveillance,and the Policing of Sexuality Shari Lee Dworkin and Faye Linda Wachs University of Southern California This paper analyzes how mainstream print media polices sexuality through framings of HIV-positive male athletes. We analyze the HN-positive announcements of Magic Johnson, Greg Louganis, and Tommy Morrison. Specifically, we discuss differences between the framing of gay men (Louganis) and self-identifiedheterosexual men (Johnson and Morrison). First, there is an extensive search for the ways Magic Johnson and Tommy Morrison contracted HIVIAIDS. Media coverage emphasizes that "straights can get it too" through promiscuity and a "fast lane" lifestyle. Consistent with the historically automatic conflation of HIVIAIDS with gay identity, the media pose no inquiries into the cause of Louganis' HIV transmission. We close our discussion by focusing on the meaning of extending the signifier of HIVIAIDS beyond gay bodies to include working class and black male bodies. Media surveillance of sexual identity and the body reinforces hegemonic masculinity in sport while feeding into the current sexual hierarchy in U.S. culture. Cette Ctude porte sur la f a ~ o n les mCdias Ccrits surveillent et contr6lent la sexualit6 par dont le biais de leur traitement des athlktes masculins skro-positifs.Nous analysons les annonces de skro-positivitk...
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...Social Stratification Classes and Castes. Class is the primary way in which people approach social stratification. The upper class (the landed gentry, the titled nobility, and members of the royal family) has roughly the same social position it has had since the nineteenth century, when the middle classes began to compete successfully with the landed interests for influence. However, the upper class lost official political influence (and credibility) in the twentieth century. The major change in England's social identity structure has been the shrinking number of workers in manufacturing and the increasing number of people who work in service industries. White-collar and other service workers have replaced blue-collar workers as England's economic backbone. Consequently, the middle class has increased in size and wealth, and home ownership has increased, while union membership has declined dramatically, along with the size of the traditional industrial working class. Most workers expect unemployment at some point in their careers, especially the unskilled and uneducated. In 1983, only 5 percent of non-manual workers were unemployed. In contrast, skilled manual workers experienced 12 percent and semi-skilled and unskilled manual workers 23 percent unemployment, and manual workers combined accounted for 84 percent of the unemployed. England is becoming a society of the included and the excluded. There has been a sharp rise in long-term unemployment. The nature of work in a fluid...
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