...CHAPTER 21: THE FURNACE OF WAR Bull Run Ends the "Ninety Day War” Know: Bull Run, Stonewall Jackson 14. What effect did the Battle of Bull Run have on North and South? North (and South) expected a quick war – Union believed a quick move South to Richmond would end the war – South’s victory increased overconfidence • Soldiers deserted with trophies, many believed war was over • Enlistment rates decreased; preparations for long-term war slowed – North’s defeat was better (long-term) for the Union • Ended belief that war would be over quickly • Caused Northerners to prepare for long war "Tardy George" McClellan and the Peninsula Campaign Know: George McClellan, Peninsula Campaign, Robert E. Lee, "Jeb" Stuart, Seven Days' Battles, Anaconda Plan 15. Describe the grand strategy of the North for winning the war. Union turned to 6-part strategy of total war – Suffocate South by blockading its ports – Free the slave to undermine economy of South – Cut Confederacy in 1/2 by taking control of Mississippi River – Cut Confederacy into pieces by sending troops into Georgia and Carolinas – Take Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia – Engage the enemy everywhere and grind them into submission The War at Sea Know: Blockade, Continuous Voyage, Merrimac, Monitor 16. What was questionable about the blockade practices of the North? Why did Britain honor the blockade anyway? Blockade began with leaks and was strengthened was war went on ...
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...The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara was not just a fiction novel, it was a story of a man who actually saw the battlefield of Gettysburg and learned about the battle and its importance. When he returned from the battle sight he decided to write a novel based on his experience there. Instead of creating fictional characters he used the names and experiences he had directly with the main characters of the novel. Not only did Shaara study and review letters, documents and journal enteries of the men for the interpretation, he made it more realistic and personal by the portrayal of his characters. In the paper we will address four of those main characters with their background and how they were relevant to the war. Shaara, gave us a look at each...
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...Just two miles South of the town of Gettysburg, and standing at 650 feet above sea level stands the summit of Little Round Top. Little Round Top, which is the second highest hill in the Gettysburg area is less than a half mile across and at first glance to many tacticians looking at its terrain may be considered irrelevant and insignificant due to its restrictive nature for any type of ground maneuver force (Filled with portions of dense woods and large boulders). However, on the afternoon of July 2, 1863 the successful defense of this small hill by the Union Army decisively changed the outcome of the Gettysburg campaign. The Battle of Little Round Top was essentially a brigade level battle between the left flank of the Union Army occupying...
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...would argue that, the statement ‘generals win battles, logistics win wars’, is true to some extent. Throughout the Napoleonic era, Napoleon had won countless of battles that were against set the odds. To win a battle, it is prominently down to the leaders, and Napoleon is identified as being a very good leader, with his charisma, ruthlessness as well as his ability to motivate his men. Napoleon had used Guibertian warfare to his advantage, Austerlitz is one of the most significant battle for Napoleon, as it highlights him as a great leader. Although Napoleon was never innovative, he was great at implementing them, at the Battle of Austerlitz, the French were heavily outnumbered and were at a major disadvantage seeing as the Russians were on the high ground. However, despite this the French army had trust in Napoleon, and believed that he would find a way to defeat the Russians. The French skillfully tricked the Russians to abandon their high ground, and when they did they had seized the opportunity and attacked from the rear, and the point of contact was led by Davout, who had been following Napoleons plan. Leadership plays a prominent role in motivating men, even when the chances of victory seem unlikely. Napoleon maintained this position within his army, and inspired his soldiers to not see defeat as an option. This had help in many of their battles, having the morale high had maintained their goal and had won several battles against the odds. However, although Napoleon was...
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...Battle of Vicksburg The United States Civil War separated our country, the war had Americans fighting Americans, brother against brother. During the Civil War over 600,000 Soldiers gave their lives for their side of the war from 1861-1865. More Soldiers gave their lives during their Civil War than any one war or conflict combined. Historians believe the American Civil War was fought over pressures and differences that coming to a head during the country’s early history. This friction built up over time and came down to five basic differences basically. Some of those differences were economic and social differences concerning the North and the South, the Northern financial budget was based more on factories and industry. Simply put the North was moving away from agriculture life, thus moving away from slavery. However, the Southern states moved from other crops to primarily cotton crops with the invention of the cotton gin. At the same time they increased the number of plantations which in turn made it vitally important for a greater need for cheap labor, i.e. slaves. Thus, the Southern economy turned out to be a one crop economy, dependent on cotton and consequently on slavery. The next thing that played part in the beginning of the Civil War was the state rights versus federal rights. The North was pushing for more federal government laws and regulation, but the South wanted laws and regulation, that were handle at the state level with less federal involvement. Last, but...
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...the leading power in Greece. The Athenians, along with the Delian League, built a navy in order to combat the Persian fleet and slowly became an empire. As this empire continued to grow, the Spartans began to grow jealous and afraid of the Athenians power and challenge to their authority. This led to a serious of quarrels in the 460’s BC which came to be known as the First Peloponnesian War. This ended in 445 with the Thirty Years’ Peace. Peace lasted for over a decade but in 431 Sparta’s ally Thebes attacked Athens’ ally Plataea. The following spring, a large Spartan army invaded Attica and cut down the Athenians’ grain, destroyed farmhouses, and country homes. Pericles, who was the leader of Athens, established a strategy in which land battles would be avoided and instead raids would be launched around the Peloponnesus. He waited for the Spartans to realize that they had no strategy that could lead them to a victory. This was difficult for him to do, however, because many of the Athenians wanted to go out and fight. Unfortunately for Athens, a plague hit which led to not only many physical deaths, but a defeated moral of the people as well. The Athenians attempted to ask for peace but Sparta refused and the war continued on. Pericles then died of the plague in 429 (Kagan,...
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...March 9, 2010 Robert E. Lee on Leadership Effective leadership involves creating direction in achieving the vision, aligning people through communication, and motivating and inspiring subordinates toward a shared vision. Direction helps in creating strategies that work toward a vision, or desirable future state. Alignment of people is achieved through communication of new directions and building a commitment to subordinating self interests in order to further the interests of the organization. The ability to motivate and inspire is what makes an exceptional leader. In H.W. Crocker’s, Robert E. Lee on Leadership, it is evident through General Robert E. Lee’s many leadership roles that he possessed the ability to motivate and inspire. Lee led as a businessman, as a warrior, and as an administrator. His actions in many circumstances throughout his life, exemplify some of the mainstream leadership theories of today. His style of leadership had a uniquely effective quality that is rarely observed. The lessons learned and qualities of leadership recognized from Lee’s experiences are beneficial for leaders of any organization today. Lee as a Businessman In the years before the War Between the States, Lee inherited the responsibility of running Arlington plantation, which was willed to his wife by her father. With the plantation, Lee inherited his father-in-law’s debts. Lee’s challenge was to run the plantation successfully enough to pay-off these debts and finance...
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...The Leadership of Abraham Lincoln Phillip Bullington High Performance Leadership Term Paper 2/12/15 Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Leader 4 Power & Influence 4 Ethics & Values 6 Attributes 6 Behavior 8 Followers 9 Motivation 9 Satisfaction & Performance 9 Groups 10 The Rocket Model 10 Situation 11 Situational Levels 11 Emancipation Proclamation 12 Death 13 Conclusion 13 References 14 Introduction Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States of America. Abraham was born on February 12, 1809 to Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. He grew up in both Kentucky and Indiana as the son of a farmer who preferred him to work on the farm rather than read books. Lincoln had an intellectual ambition however and was in constant pursuit of knowledge through his readings. Abraham set out for Illinois in 1831 and studied to become a lawyer which he eventually did in 1836 after passing the bar examination. He was then elected to the Illinois State Legislature in 1836, 1838, and 1840. After his retirement from legislature in 1841, Lincoln went on to marry Mary Todd Lincoln in 1842. He then began devoting the majority of his time to law practice until 1847 when he was elected and served in Congress (McPherson, 2000). Lincoln would continue to move in and out of politics for the next 14 years as was continually defeated in bids and elections for office. It wasn’t until 1861, after losing...
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...Driven by the thought of Manifest Destiny, the United States pushed westbound. Pioneers took after trails to the boondocks conditions of the Midwest, California, and Oregon, looking for a superior life and open doors for area possession. As the country extended its achieve, fringe debate emitted, and the fight over subjection escalated. On a global level, the United States obtained new terrains in the American Southwest through war with Mexico and picked up region in the Pacific Northwest in view of a settlement with Great Britain. Regardless of authoritative endeavors to battle with the servitude issue, every time another state was to be admitted to the Union, another discussion would eject. Authoritative endeavors, for example, the dubious Wilmot Proviso, the thought of mainstream sway, Clay's Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act-planned to strike a harmony between free states and slave states. Sectional clashes kept on heightenning, nonetheless, spelling inconvenience for the isolated country. Taking after the decision of Republican Abraham Lincoln, seven Southern states reacted by voting to withdraw from the Union, reporting the formation of the Confederate States of America. The Civil War would soon take...
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...Clausewitz: In Praise of Hate ACT 1, SCENE VIII. A field of battle. MARCIUS I'll fight with none but thee; for I do hate thee. AUFIDIUS We hate alike: Not Afric owns a serpent I abhor More than thy fame and envy. Fix thy foot. The Tragedy of Coriolanus William Shakespeare Over the last fifteen years, the U.S. government has wrestled continuously with how properly to approach the ongoing phenomena of burgeoning regional terrorism and global insurgency. In an effort to cognitively frame the rising power of ethnic and racial groups resident in formerly weak or powerless states that are the main sources of current conflict, it has settled upon characterizing the new operational environment as “complex.”1 To some, this characterization may seem to imply that the socio-political and socio-cultural operational environments in which military forces had to operate previously were not complex; that the operational environments in which such conflicts as the American Civil War, World War I or II, or Vietnam were fought were simpler. Irrespective, the reason the now somewhat voguish term complex may have gained its current ascendancy in the lexicon is that it expiates semantically the frustration strategists and policy makers feel toward pesky conflicts not only in Iraq and Afghanistan waged by resilient adversaries, but emerging conflagrations throughout the Middle East and Africa led by stateless entities such as Al Qaida and the Islamic State that they...
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...Defeating the Enemy’s Will: The Psychological Foundations of Maneuver Warfare DAVID A. GROSSMAN The will to fight is at the nub of all defeat mechanisms … One should always look for a way to break the enemy’s will and capacity to resist. Brig. Gen. Huba Wass de Czege Defeating the enemy’s will. That is the essence of maneuver warfare, that you defeat the enemy’s will to fight rather than his ability to fight. But how do you defeat a man’s mind? We can measure and precisely quantify the mechanics of defeating the enemy’s ability to fight, and it is this tangible, mathematical quality that makes attacking the enemy’s physical ability to fight so much more attractive than attacking the enemy’s psychological will to fight. At some level none of us can truly be comfortable when we dwell on the fact that our destiny as soldiers and military leaders ultimately depends on something as nebulous and unquantifiable as an enemy’s “will,” and we are tempted to ignore such aspects of warfare. But somewhere in the back of our minds, a still, small voice reminds us that ultimately the paths of victory run not through machinery and material, but through the hearts and minds of human beings. So what is the foundation of the will to fight and kill in combat and what are the vulnerable points in this foundation? In short: what are the psychological underpinnings of maneuver warfare? To answer these questions, students of maneuver warfare must truly understand, as we have never understood before...
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...1. American Sport Movies There are few countries in the world in which sports permeate national life to the degree that it does in the United States. Sports are a big part of the fabric of American life. The centrality of sports in American life is amply reflected in the American cinema. For decades movie makers have successfully mined sports to produce some of the most inspiring, poignant, exciting and memorable American movies ever made. The genre of ‘Sport Movies’ established in the Fifties and the Sixties. At the very beginning it was hard to see it as an independent genre because there was a lot of mixture. There have been propaganda movies as well as comedies, dramas, gangster movies or even westerns combined with some sport scenes. So the movie industry defined three categories of sport movies. Category 1: movies in which the main part of the narration is about sport or an athlete Category 2: movies which tell the life story of an athlete Category 3: movies which use sport scenes to describe a special milieu In addition to that there are a lot of movies of another genre which use sport scenes to dramatise the story or to create a good suspense. The first sport movies were all about the so called American Myth of victory and glory. Fair competitions and the better athletes defeating the weaken. The fascination of sport inspiring the people was used to lure the public. Then in the eighties and nineties there have been made a lot of biographical movies...
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...OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY OUTLINE OF OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY C O N T E N T S CHAPTER 1 Early America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHAPTER 2 The Colonial Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 CHAPTER 3 The Road to Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 CHAPTER 4 The Formation of a National Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 CHAPTER 5 Westward Expansion and Regional Differences . . . . . . . 110 CHAPTER 6 Sectional Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 CHAPTER 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CHAPTER 8 Growth and Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 CHAPTER 9 Discontent and Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 CHAPTER 10 War, Prosperity, and Depression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 CHAPTER 11 The New Deal and World War I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 CHAPTER 12 Postwar America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 CHAPTER 13 Decades of Change: 1960-1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 CHAPTER 14 The New Conservatism and a New World Order . . . . . . 304 CHAPTER 15 Bridge to the 21st Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 PICTURE PROFILES Becoming a Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...file:///F|/Business/Marketing/22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing.html The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing Al Ries and Jack Trout The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing Violate Them at Your Own Risk Al Ries and Jack Trout Dedicated to the elimination of myths and misconceptions from the marketing process A DF Books NERDs Release THE 22 IMMUTABLE LAWS OF MARKETING. Copyright © 1993 by Al Ries and Jack Trout. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission Contents Introduction 1. The Law of Leadership 2. The Law of the Category 3. The Law of the Mind 4. The Law of Perception 5. The Law of Focus 6. The Law of Exclusivity 7. The Law of the Ladder 8. The Law of Duality 9. The Law of the Opposite 10. The Law of Division 11. The Law of Perspective 12. The Law of Line Extension 13. The Law of Sacrifice 14. The Law of Attributes file:///F|/Business/Marketing/22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing.html 15. The Law of Candor 16. The Law of Singularity 17. The Law of Unpredictability 18. The...
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...SECRET LANGUAGE of • HOW LEADERS INSPIRE ACTION THROUGH NARRATIVE The LEADERSHIP STEPHEN DENNING John Wiley & Sons, Inc. More Praise for The Secret Language of Leadership “Out of the morass of strategies leaders are given to transform organizations, Denning plucks a powerful one—storytelling— and shows how and why it works.” —Dorothy Leonard, William J. Abernathy Professor of Business, Emerita, Harvard Business School, and author, Deep Smarts: How to Cultivate and Transfer Enduring Business Wisdom “The Secret Language of Leadership shows why narrative intelligence is central to transformational leadership and how to harness its power.” —Carol Pearson, director, James MacGregor Burns Academy of Leadership, University of Maryland, and coauthor, The Hero and the Outlaw “The Secret Language of Leadership is not only the best analysis I have seen of how and why leaders succeed or fail, it’s highly readable, as well as downright practical. It should be mandatory reading for anyone interested in engaging a company with big ideas who understands that leaders live and die by the quality of what they say.” —Richard Stone, story analytics master, i.d.e.a.s “A primary role of leaders is to create and maintain meaning for their organizations. Denning clearly demonstrates that meaningmaking comes from stories well told.” —Thomas Davenport, President’s Distinguished Professor of I.T. and Management, Babson College, and author, The Attention Economy “Steve...
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