...The Iron Curtain The iron curtain was the name given to the Cold War confrontation in 1945-1989 which was between the two superpowers USA and the Soviet Union. A direct military confrontation between the two superpowers did not exist, but bitter economic, diplomatic and ideological struggles formed the basis of the confrontation. As far back as 1917 the Soviet Union was established when following outright hostility in Russia, the Communists took power, and the capitalist countries of the West declared ideological war. Between 1918 and 1920, the US intervened in the Soviet Union with about 10 000 soldiers and refused to accept the new state until recognition in 1993. During WW2, the two countries fought together against Germany, but as early as 1944, the first cracks were revealed. The Allies, led by the United States under Roosevelt failed to make agreements with the Soviet Union, who had nevertheless borne the brunt of the war, Post-war order was already becoming established in Europe. The Soviet Union sought in their interpretation of the 'Yalta Conference' to assert their legitimate security interests without consulting its allies. While US President Roosevelt had co-operated with the Soviet Union, his successor Truman, a strict anti-Soviet, put American an anti-Communist cause against the now soviet, Truman based his confidence on American economic superiority and, since 1945, on her nuclear monopoly. Truman`s concept was a free, united Europe and a free world under American...
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...Good Fences Do Make Good Neighbors Is it necessary to build a fence if we trust our neighbors? If a fence is necessary, it should be a good fence. Not meant to be a barricade, but to prevent our neighbors from invading our privacy. It is also used to give one the right to do what they please on their property without any disruption or interruption from their neighbors. This is what is being discussed in Robert Frost’s poem the “Mending Wall.” Having a good fence allows for privacy and is the right of a homeowner. “The central theme of "Mending Wall" is whether it is wise to erect walls and other types of barriers.” not this period (Cummings, 2008).this period is correct An immediate reading seems to suggest that walls or fences are obstacles and if you tear them down you can open up the door to friendship, unity, and better communication. Nevertheless, the one neighbor insists that “good fences make good neighbors.” same here (Davis and Lynn, 2006, p. 82). The destruction of the Berlin Wall in 1989 demonstrates the point that Frost is trying to make that walls or barriers are obstacles. The Berlin Wall, which had divided Berlin since 1961, "fell" on November 9. For almost 30 years, the Wall and the heavily fortified border between East and West Germany kept East Germans as prisoners in their own country, tore families apart, and caused many deaths when East Germans were shot trying to flee. I am not going continue to correct them as you get the point by...
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...In the 1980's, effective individuals on either side of the Iron Curtain framed occasions more than ever. By 1980, the world had clearly sunk into a collection request which MAD implemented strength. Détente would perhaps keep the world safe everlastingly by encouraging shared admiration for the inverse superpower's range of authority, prohibition direct fighting, and notwithstanding permitting either side to check the other's military abilities inside of the hobbies of trust. However Détente yielded monstrous segments of the world to dictatorship, neediness and enduring. Numerous people were unwilling to precede such a presence; furthermore the Communists thought that it was hard to control them and their supporters. The centerpiece of détente...
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...fate had not yet been decided but in the meantime it had been divided into four areas by the former Allies. The tension between the remaining post war Superpowers, the United States and The Soviet Union were ever increasing. Britain became economically and militarily dependant on the US as its empire floundered. British rhetoric and ‘scaremongering was born of Britain’s desire to keep America involved in Europe.’ Stalin began to consolidate the Soviet area and the anti-Western language of the Soviet regime became just as scathing as Churchill’s. The ‘Iron Curtain’ was now in place and America, Britain and Russia were coming to realise that their respective ideologies were for the most part irreconcilable. Although it is often said that nothing is inevitable, there are times when the consequences of decisions and policies gather momentum and become an unstoppable force. By considering their differences and how the individual iron willed leaders involved expressed their intentions and shaped their stances against each other it will become apparent that the consequences and the forces that the East and the West put in motion made the Cold War inevitable after 1945. By 1946-47 the Western leaders who ‘emerged on the winning side’ of World War Two had realised that what Lenin had said was true. ‘As long as Capitalism and Socialism exist, we cannot live in peace; in the end, one or the other will triumph. A funeral dirge will be sung either over the Soviet Republic or over Capitalism’...
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...eighties. At the time The Hot Zone was conceived, free trade policies during President George H. W. Bush’s administration were still making an impact worldwide. Bush set forth global objectives, renewing an interest in globalization under the belief that a global market will alleviate America’s growing deficit. Furthermore, he spearheaded the construction of North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA. Later, the Internet made its debut under the supervision of the new administrations Vice President, Al Gore. The United States had become the sole superpower of the world and was empowered by economic growth that began in 1983 that continued for the next several decades. These actions, along with the disintegration of the Soviet Union and its Iron...
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...replaced those of Italy as the commercial centers of Europe. Rich merchants began to rival the nobles in wealth and power. A growing abundance of money permitted kings to hire officials and soldiers, gradually removing the need for feudal relationships. World known by Europeans in the 14th century This map shows how much of the world's lands and seas were known to Europeans by the A.D. 1300's. Areas that Europeans knew about included northern Africa, far northeastern North America, much of Asia, the Mediterranean Sea, and parts of the North Atlantic and Indian oceans. The 16th century brought the Reformation, when many Christians rejected the authority of the pope and the Protestant movement was begun. The 17th and 18th centuries formed a period of savage wars by which the various European monarchs sought to increase their territories. England became a limited monarchy and aspirations for political freedom appeared in other parts of Europe. Low Countries in the 16th century. The Low Countries, including most of present-day Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, came under Spanish rule in the 1500's. The north won independence in 1648. The Industrial Revolution, a term applied to the results of the factory system for producing goods with machinery, began in England in the 18th century. This economic change played a major role in shaping the development of modern Europe. It brought with it a new economic system—capitalism. The Industrial Revolution...
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...such websites as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram (Denyer, 2018). As of the moment, our Freedoms rooted in our democracy, prevent such strict censorship, to this degree, but the example of the danger that censorship can impose is fearful and eye-opening. The censorship in China is so strict, that many people have resorted in using VPNs (virtual private networks) in order to tunnel through the censorship and access the internet freedom that other countries hold (History, 2018). This shows that there is a cry for reform amongst China’s citizens. The safety and learning of others can also fall into jeopardy when nations withhold important information from other such nations. During the 1980’s, Russia was still closed off to most of the western/entire world, behind the “iron curtain”. In April of 1986, due to multiple complications, a large nuclear reactor exploded in Chernobyl, Ukraine, thus it caused enormous amounts of nuclear radiation to fly high into the atmosphere (Forsmark 2018). Due to the heavy censorship which the Soviet Union held from the outside world, Russia was not thrilled with revealing this information until, a nuclear power plant in Forsmark, Sweden picked up radiation readings from Chernobyl some 684 miles away (Forsmark 2018). Their discovery of the radiation pollution and the disaster itself twisted Russia’s arm into opening up about the event that affected other nations. This event led to the EU to devise and reform different policies about pollution...
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...Introduction The reorganization process of the European distribution systems which is changing from a national to an international network is still going on. The structural transformation in logistics once started with the creation of the Single European Market. Logistics providers began to create pan-European networks in line with the expansion of the European Union. The current adjustments reflect both eastern parts of Europe and the evolvement of a global distribution structure and the accession of the peripheral economies in the central. In addition to these geographic aspects, the logistics markets in European have been influenced by numerous factors dramatically in the technological, financial, and political environment (Europe Real Estate, 2012). Logistics property is targeted by international investors. The volume of total investment currently exceeds €10 billion. Logistics property helps to compensate the poor performance and diversify portfolios of other sectors. Networks of European distribution are still relying on large distribution warehouses, and growth is most likely in the further. ‘Although prime yields up to 13% for opportunistic investments in emerging clusters are rather attractive, yield compression is foreseeable in the near future’ (Europe Real Estate, 2012). In this paper, there is a case, which is talking about a central European decides to operate a privately importing and exporting logistics business in Hungary, will be analysis. The conditions which...
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...r Contents This revision guide is intended to guide you to the key essentials necessary for answering questions on Unit 3. You shouldn’t use at it a replacement for your class notes or your own revision notes, but as a way of supplementing them and ensuring you have a firm awareness of major events, individuals and ideas. 1. The seeds of conflict 2. Emergence of Cold War, 1944-53 3. The ‘Thaw’ & ‘Peaceful Co-existence’ 4. The arms impact of the arms race 5. Sin-Soviet relations 6. Détente 7. End of Cold War Reminder of the structure of Unit 3 • Unit 3 = 25% of total marks • Written exam: 2 hours • Answer ONE question from Section A (30 marks), and ONE from Section B (40 marks) - choice of 2 questions in both sections • Section A – discuss an historical issue • Section B – use source material & knowledge to discuss an historical event Section A – themes to explore in your revision: 1. The post-Stalin thaw and the bid for peaceful coexistence in 1950s: a) USSR: Khrushchev b) USA: the responses of Dulles, Eisenhower and Kennedy. • the continuation of the Cold War in the 1950s following the retirement of Truman & death of Stalin, despite the bid for improved relations on the part of the USSR in the form of unilateral cuts in the size of the Red Army and withdrawal from Austria and Finland. • the...
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...familiar diagonal ribbing identifiable on the reverse of the fabric, which distinguishes denim from cotton duck. It is a twill-weave woven fabric that uses different colors for the warp and weft. One color is predominant on the fabric surface. Because of this twill weave, it means the fabric is very strong. I believe Denim is the most amazing fabric out there it’s versatile, it’s tough, its durable,, its easy to work with, its fashionable, its warm I mean I can go one with how great denim is. I mean everyone owns denim. Once before it was only worn by workers and it was popular because of the durability and tough texture. In1800’s American gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. In 1930’s Cowboys often wore jeans in the movies. This made become very popular. In 1940’s fewer jeans were made due to WW2. In 1950’s Denim became very popular with young people. It was a symbol of teenage...
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...showed the class that none of the students had any idea of what china really was. In one instance there was an image of a traditional family and on the other a communist militarist dictatorship, this was only because there was very little information on China and that China was very much the unknown to many countries. The history of China is shown to display that this country has been a highly progressive country within the scope of law but also being one of the slowest countries to implement Intellectual Property Law which has sparked an interest into where the progression in the legal system relating to Intellectual Property Law went into disrepute and the arrival of Intellectual Property Law within the 1980s to the present day but was there a historical time before the 1980s where there was intellectual Property Law and why Mao Ze Dong's era just was not China. Firstly this halt within the legal system came about on the arrival of Mao Ze Dongs Communist party. Communist Mao Rule: The Mao Ze Dong Communist Party did very little in relation to the advancement of the Intellectual...
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...The Cold War and U.S. Diplomacy POL 300 January 31, 2012 The key problem for his presidency clearly would be the Vietnam War. It had driven his predecessor from office, and if it were not resolved in a way that could be turned to political advantage, it would drive him from office as well. Two months after Nixon assumed the presidency, American combat deaths exceeded thirty-six hundred, and there seemed no end in sight. Nixon was in a dilemma, for during the campaign he had said that he had a "secret plan" to end the war but could not divulge it because it might upset the Paris peace negotiations. If his plan involved escalation, Democrats could charge that he was abandoning attempts to reach a peaceful solution and could point to mounting American casualties and prisoners of war. If he negotiated a solution that led to the fall of the government in Saigon, Democrats could charge he had abandoned an ally. Nixon had to find a way to cut American commitments while preserving the non-Communist government in South Vietnam—at least for a "decent interval" so that the overthrow of the regime could not be blamed on the United States (Morgan 2002). Nixon, his national security adviser Henry Kissinger, and Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird settled on an approach with several elements. First, the Laird policy for "Vietnamization" was adopted. Responsibility for fighting would be turned over to the Vietnamese, in order to reduce American casualties. Gradually...
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...Revolution was an important theme throughout the Cold War. Revolutions begat, molded and then finally brought an end to the Cold War. In 1917, the Bolshevik Revolution forced Vladimir Lenin, the new communist leader, to withdraw from World War I on the side of the Western Allies and to sign a separate peace agreement with Germany. The suspicions that this aroused among the Allies were the seeds of the Cold War. In 1949, the New Democratic Revolution of China ended the Kuomintang (KMT) rule and established a communist government, thus guaranteeing the existence of the Cold War. Throughout its existence, the Cold War appeared to be something that was constantly present and unchanging. However, revolutions in Europe and Asia after 1953 continued to shape the Cold War until revolution inevitably destroyed in 1989. In 1954, after failing to contain communism in Korea, America involved itself in the Vietnam Conflict. At this time, France had just lost control of its colonial holdings in Vietnam. After the French were defeated by a communist contingent lead by Vo Nguyen Giap at Dien Bien Phu, the French decided that they could no longer retain their Indochinese colonies. In the summer of 1954, France and Vietnam signed the Geneva Peace Accords. It was agreed that Vietnam would be temporarily divided along the 17th parallel such that the north would be communist and the south would not be. As a result of this, the United States decided to intervene in the South Vietnamese affairs...
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...Letter of Transmittal 02 December, 2011. Dr. ABM Shahidul Islam Professor, Department of Marketing Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Sub: Request for acceptance of the term-paper Sir, We are very pleased to be able to submit our term-paper on “Volvo - an overview”. In developing the report we have followed the format and instructions given by you. In every sphere of our report, we have tried our level best to make a good combination of learning from the Integrated Marketing Communication Course. We also tried to match our theoretical knowledge and the direct experience gathered during the preparation of our term-paper. In this report, we have tried to be as descriptive as possible for the convenience for the reader. Any clarification required & query needed regarding our report will be gratefully acknowledged. Yours obediently Mudassar Mahmood Khan Md. Matiul Islam Md. Abdur Rahman Bhuiyan Md. Ehsanul Haque ID No. 41018003 ID No: 40609063 ID No: 40610059 ID No: 41018044 18th Batch 9th Batch 10th Batch 18th Batch EMBA EMBA EMBA EMBA Dept. of Marketing Dept. of Marketing Dept. of Marketing Dept. of Marketing University of Dhaka University of Dhaka University of Dhaka ...
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...Russian Federation Learning Team B COMM215 June 10, 2010 Nancy Erickson Russian Federation The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. At 6,592,800 square miles it covers more than a ninth of the Earth’s surface. It is a great and proud country. Up until the 1990’s it was the only surviving superpower in the globe after World War II along with the United States. The Russian Federation is located east of Europe and north of Asia. Russia has boundaries with fourteen other countries, like China in Asia, Kazakhstan in the Middle East, and Finland in Europe. In this country there are only two distinct seasons winter and summer. Spring and autumn are brief periods of change between extremely low and extremely high temperatures. The coldest month is usually in January. The warmest month is usually in July. Russia has a pretty broad population but mostly by Russians and the main language there is Russian. Russia is the ninth most populous nation in the world with 139 million people. The currency is the Ruble. One dollar is equivalent to 30 rubles. The capital city of Russia is Moscow. Russia is home to the famous St Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow which looks like a castle with onion shaped domes. The Kremlin is also located in Russia which is where government business is conducted. Some famous Russian ornament is the Fabergé Egg. Made by Peter Carl Fabergé o nly 65 eggs were ever made and they are worth millions. Russia is also famous...
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