...The impacts of E-commence on international business and marketing: A literature review Name student: Tao Yi Student number: 1192930 Course name: Master thesis international track Course code: 2012-191880750-1A Assessor: Assistant Prof. Dr. E. Constantinides and Dr. Huub J.M. Ruel Hand in date: 15-09-2012 E-commerce and Web 2.0: An intensive literature review on their impacts on international business and marketing Table of content Managerial summary ............................................................................................ 2 1. Background and research objectives .............................................................. 3 2. Research problem and research questions...................................................... 4 3. Research methodology ................................................................................... 6 4. Key findings .................................................................................................. 8 4.1. 4.1.1. 4.1.2. 4.1.3. 4.2. 4.2.1. 4.2.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.4.1. 4.4.2. 4.4.3. 4.5. 4.5.1. 4.5.2. 4.5.3. 4.6. The impacts of Internet on International business and marketing .................................. 8 The impacts on international business ......................................................................... 8 The impacts on international entrepreneurship ............................................................ 9 The impacts on international companies‟ marketing ................................
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...degrees. The creation of the Associate Degree in Nursing according to Mahaffey, 2002 was the direct result of the nursing shortage in the 1950’s. The initial nursing shortage was brought about and propagated after World War II. The nurses of the military and those in civilian practice did not all stay in the work force after WWII. As a result of the shortage, there were substantial growths of associate degree nursing programs throughout the nation (Mahaffey, 2002). According to Haas 1990, as cited by Mahaffey, 2002, the nursing curricula reflected approximately half-general education courses and half-nursing courses. The nursing concept in these associate degree programs were patient centered and not disease centered. Donley & Flaherty 2008 reiterated this point and affirmed that during times of shortage, “there is usually a call to reduce educational requirements and to change licensing and accreditation standards.” The associates...
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...Azúcar 813 2 Irvine Clarke III, Theresa B., Flaherty, Newell D. Wright, Robert M. McMillen (2009) Student Intercultural Proficiency From Study Abroad Programs, Journal of Marketing Education Statement of the Problem The problem, which is related to study abroad programs (SAPs), is clearly stated in the article’s introduction. The problem stated is “that a deficiency exists, within marketing education, of empirical evidence on the explicit impact of SAPs on student attitudes and behavior. In particular, empirical evidence is absent which specifies the characteristics of intercultural growth that are an outcome of SAP” (Clarke, Flaherty, Newell, McMillen, 2009, p. 174). Purpose Statement The purpose is directly stated in the article as follows, “this study… attempts to extend the marketing education literature by empirically investigating the specific intercultural proficiencies that may advance while students study abroad” (Clarke III, et. al. 2009 p. 174). The purpose then specifically addresses the benefits for marketing educators from “expanded knowledge on the possible outcomes of a SAP” (p. 174). Background & Importance/Significance (literature review) In this study, the literature review serves three purposes. First, it defines the specific intercultural proficiencies that are likely to advance from the study abroad experience: intercultural proficiency, global mindedness, intercultural communication, openness to diversity, and intercultural sensitivity...
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...Reducing Airline Fuel Consumption and Cost Fuel costs have become a major percentage of total airline operating costs. Fuel accounts for roughly 40% of total operating expenses and for U.S. carriers it totaled $47.3 billion last year (Grose, 2013). In an attempt to reduce such high costs, airlines have implemented a variety of fuel saving strategies. Weight Reduction Weight reduction is a major concern for airline fuel savings. Every aspect of aircraft design is looked at from a weight/safety standpoint. Below are a few of the most novel approaches to weight reduction that airlines have implemented in the past few years. Phasing Out Paper In 2011, United and Continental pilots began using 1.5lb iPads as electronic flight bags to replace the traditional 38lb paper flight manuals. The projected fuel savings was calculated to be 326,000 gallons of jet fuel for a savings of $1.2 million per year (United Continental Holdings Inc., 2011). This year, American Airlines received regulatory approval for flight attendants to swap out their 5lb paper manuals for 1lb Samsung tablets for a fuel savings of $650,000 per year (Dastin, 2014). While there is a large upfront capital cost for the purchase of thousands of tablets, this is offset by no longer having to print millions of sheets of paper each year for manuals. As for in-flight magazines, Singapore Airlines has been experimenting with providing digitized content for its three magazines on long-haul flights....
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...Executive Summary This report explores the relationship between the art industry and the internet, as well as examining the way in which the internet has changed the way the art industry operates. A critical analysis and comparison of the e-marketing mix strategies of Etsy and DeviantART was also made. The research draws attention to the shift from an industry with a high barrier to entry which used traditional forms of discovering, exhibiting and selling artworks, for example, art galleries, to an industry with a lower barrier to entry, changed by online platforms that allowed a greater number of artists and artworks to enter the market and created new ways in which both artists could sell their works and buyers could buy those works. The analysis of the e-marketing mix strategies of Etsy and DeviantArt found that Etsy and DeviantART catered to their consumers’ needs by the development of a marketplace and social networking platform, respectively. The analysis of their pricing strategies found that Etsy and DeviantART both utilized elements of fixed pricing and personalized pricing, but only Etsy using dynamic segmented pricing. The distribution strategies of Etsy and DeviantART did not include the use of intermediaries and products were sold directly to the consumers through websites and mobile technology. The communication strategies of Etsy and DeviantART were strong with a focus on the building of communities through owned, paid and earned media. ...
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...Professional Development of Nursing Professionals Candace Tiley Grand Canyon University April 21, 2013 Professional Development of Nursing Professionals The nursing profession represents one of the largest work forces in the nation with more than 3 million members. In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) partnered with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and began 2 years of research to develop a thorough report on the future of nursing. As we move closer to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, nurses will be asked to take on the task of transforming the nursing workforce and expanding the delivery of nursing care. (Montalvo, 2010) We, as nurses, are in an important and unique position in that we are the segment of the healthcare field who addresses patient care both in a holistic realm as well as a contextual realm. The purpose of this paper is to look at three aspects of the IOM research and its implications. Nurses Scope of Practice is one of the key areas that the IOM put its focus upon. One of the ways the IOM anticipates changes imminently at hand is that nurses will be required to function to the full extent of their training and education no matter what level of education they currently have. The nursing profession is plagued by polices that are outdated. This is particularly true with regard to the policies regarding Scope of Practice. Much focus is being placed on APRN’s (Advanced Practice Registered Nurses) to act...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Module I - Assignment I Review Two Definitions of Culture A Paper Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Business Administration In Partial Fulfillment of Course Requirements For B7312- Cultural Marketing Access – Module I - Assignment 1 Spring II, 2013 For The Doctor of Business Administration Degree, D.B.A. David F. Black, B.A., M.B.A., C.D.P. Dr. Cliff Butler Argosy University/Seattle March 11, 2013 © Abstract This paper provides a summary review of B7312, Cultural Marketing Online Argosy Module I, a comparison of two different definitions of culture (Webster) (CARLA). An additional element of contrasting these two definitions is also provided. The overview provides discussion points for the classes of March 7th & 18th, 2013 or sooner as defined by Dr. Butler. Perspectives This paper is submitted in partial fulfillment of the B7312 Course Module I Assignment 1 for the Cultural Marketing Online Course Class on March 7, 2013, B7312, Spring II, 2013, Dr. Cliff Butler, AU-Seattle. Summary of Assignment This student is to write a talking-points paper for the selected definitions of culture as outlined in B7312 Cultural Marketing. After the two out of hundreds (Kluckholn) (CARLA) of cultural definitions are selected, this Doctoral candidate...
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...An estimated 905,000 children were victims of child abuse or neglect in 2006 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2008). While physical injuries may or may not be immediately visible, abuse and neglect can have consequences for children, families, and society that last lifetimes, if not generations. The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate them completely. Physical consequences, such as damage to a child's growing brain, can have psychological implications such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties. Psychological problems often manifest as high-risk behaviors. Depression and anxiety, for example, may make a person more likely to smoke, abuse alcohol or illicit drugs, or overeat. High-risk behaviors, in turn, can lead to long-term physical health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, and obesity. This factsheet provides an overview of some of the most common physical, psychological, behavioral, and societal consequences of child abuse and neglect, while acknowledging that much crossover among categories exists. Factors Affecting the Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect Physical Health Consequences Psychological Consequences Behavioral Consequences Societal Consequences Summary References The Federal Government has made a considerable investment in research regarding the causes and long-term...
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...Thieves, Thugs, and Neighborhood Poverty David Bjerk Robert Day School of Economics and Finance Claremont McKenna College 500 East Ninth Street, Claremont CA 91711 Ph: 909-607-4471 david.bjerk@cmc.edu April 25, 2010 Abstract This paper develops a model of crime analyzing how such behavior is associated with individual and neighborhood poverty. The model shows that even under relatively minimal assumptions, a connection between individual poverty and both property and violent crimes will arise, and moreover, "neighborhood" e¤ects can develop, but will di¤er substantially in nature across crime types. A key implication is that greater economic segregation in a city should have no e¤ect or a negative e¤ect on property crime, but a positive e¤ect on violent crime. Using IV methods, I show this implication to be consistent with the empirical evidence. Keywords: Crime; Segregation; Neighborhood E¤ects; Instrumental Variables; Poverty. 1 “I don’ care if I got money, or work Monday through Friday. I just go shoot a t motherf*@#er on the weekends. If that’ what need to be done to keep my hood s and my young ones around here safe, then that’ what to get done” (quoted by s Landesman, 2007). 1 Introduction High rates of crime and violence in poor neighborhoods have been described by numerous scholars and journalists (Wilson, 1987; Krivo and Peterson, 1996; Kotlowitz, 1991; Patterson, 1991; Messner and Tardi¤, 1986, to name just a few). However, the quote above from a man...
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...Consumer Attitude Towards Brand Extensions: An Integrative Model and Research Propositions Sandor Czellar1 University of Geneva 1 University of Geneva, Section HEC, 40, boulevard du Pont-d’Arve, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. 00 41 22 705 8114 (tel), 00 41 22 705 8104 (fax), czellars@hec.fr (email). 1 Consumer Attitude Towards Brand Extensions: An Integrative Model and Research Propositions The paper proposes an integrative model of the antecedents and consequences of brand extension attitude based on the dominant cognitive paradigm. The four key processes of the model are: (1) the perception of fit, (2) the formation of primary attitudes towards the extension, (3) the link between extension attitude and marketplace behaviour and (4) the reciprocal effect of brand extension attitude on parent brand/extension category attitude. Moderator and control variables of these processes are identified and classified into three groups: (1) consumer characteristics, (2) marketer-controlled factors and (3) external factors. This integrative model leads to the identification of missing links and variables in past research, resulting in a propositional inventory for future studies. The paper ends with a reflection on the long-term perspectives of scientific inquiry on brand extensions. Keywords: Brand extensions, Consumer Attitudes, Brand Associations, Brand Affect, Cognitive Psychology 2 Introduction Brand extension is the "use of established brand names to enter...
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...qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwer...
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...NURSING AND HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT ISSUES Time management strategies in nursing practice Susan Waterworth New Zealand MSc RGN RNT Senior Lecturer, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, Submitted for publication 24 July 2002 Accepted for publication 20 April 2003 Correspondence: Susan Waterworth, School of Nursing, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. E-mail: susanpw@xtra.co.nz W A T E R W O R T H S . ( 2 0 0 3 ) Journal of Advanced Nursing 43(5), 432–440 Time management strategies in nursing practice Background. With the increasing emphasis on efficiency and effectiveness in health care, how a nurse manages her time is an important consideration. Whilst time management is recognized as an important component of work performance and professional nursing practice, the reality of this process in nursing practice has been subject to scant empirical investigation. Aim. To explore how nurses organize and manage their time. Methods. A qualitative study was carried out, incorporating narratives (22 nurses), focus groups (24 nurses) and semi-structured interviews (22 nurses). In my role as practitioner researcher I undertook observation and had informal conversations, which provided further data. Study sites were five health care organizations in the United Kingdom during 1995–1999. Findings. Time management is complex, with...
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...The Global Pharmaceutical Industry: Conduct an external analysis Introduction The pharmaceutical industry is described by high levels of risky and lengthy R&D process, tough competition for intellectual property, tighter government regulations and powerful pressures on buying power. (Johnson, 2006) In 2011, several blockbuster drugs patent like Lipitor will expire, possibly endangering the revenues of the pharmaceutical industry for the next three to five years. On the global level, the historical supremacy of the US was being challenged with the highest market growth rates recorded in emerging markets. The industry more than ever need to get a handle on the slippery business by offering a true step change in strategy. This case study will critically analyse the Global Pharmaceutical Industry with PESTEL, Porter’s five forces, SWOT analysis and plausible views of industry in the future. PESTLE PESTLE analysis used to help organisation to understand in depth that what is the current status of the organisation and the external factors which are effecting. It also helps to the Management to make strategy for the future and overcome the weak areas of the organization. PESTLE is comprises of political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors. Political The both policies (domestic and foreign) of government have a great effect on the industry innovation as compare to the other factors. To get the attentions of firms due to increase the economic...
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...INTRODUCTION Training and development is the main part in Human Resource Management (HRM). It is very significant for employees to enhance their performance and productivity, which leads to employee and customer satisfaction and an increase in the profitability of the organization.This report will be discussed by Australian public organization that named Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT)in several aspects. 1. Introduce the background of DFAT, including background of the organization, the organization goals and strategy; 2. Link with DFAT to analyze five theories about training and development, which are cross-culture training, training design, development and managing diversity; 3. Summarize the performance in training and development and make a result that whether DFAT has a good performance in HRM; 4. Make some recommendations to promote the organization. BACKGROUND Background of the organization The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade is a department of the government of Australia charged with advancing the Australian interests and the international representation of Australians. DFAT employs over 2000 permanent employees including 1140 of which were policy officers. In these policy offers, 49 per cent were working with the department in Australia, 35 per cent were overseas and 16 per cent were off-line (DFAT 2012, P4).In order to provide the Australian community and the government with the high quality foreign and trade policy results, the department...
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...Q5) International Monetary Fund (IMF) role is to stabilize the international exchange rates and promote liberal economic policies. IMF will also provide short-term loan to assist members to overcome short-term imbalance of payment problems. On the other hand, World Bank offers loans to members to finance productive investments as well as assisting developing countries in its economy so as to reduce poverty within the country. Singapore joins both IMF and World Bank under the Bretton Woods Agreements Acts in 1966, 3 August. Before we join to become IMF as a member, during the Singapore-Malaya separation, we had sought for their technical assistance and to act as a broker in the negotiation with Malaysia for a common currency and banking system. In order to so, IMF first conducted a preliminary study to identify the concerns of Singapore and Malaysia regarding the common currency issue. IMF then acts as a broker in the final round of negotiations between 10 June 1966 and 5 July 1966. Before joining World Bank as a member, Singapore had sought for 2 loans where the first loan of US$15 million was used for the construction of the first phase of the Pasir Panjang ‘B’ Power Station and the second loan of US$6.8 million was used to construct Johor River Water Project. As a pre-requisite for the loan, the World Bank then requested our government to set up statutory authority (Public Utilities Board [PUB]) to manage the utilization and repayment of the loan. The advantages...
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