...Ryanair – the low-fares airlines Case Study By Sid Hegde Ryanair – the low-fares airline Table of Contents Q1. Why has Ryanair been successful thus far?..................................................................3 Q2. Is Ryanair's strategy sustainable?..................................................................................4 Q3. Would you recommend any changes to Ryanair's approach?.......................................5 Q4. Should Ryanair continue to pursue the Aer Lingus bid?..............................................6 Q5. Evaluate the strategic leadership of Michael O'Leary..................................................7 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................8 Bibliography........................................................................................................................9 Appendix............................................................................................................................10 A1. PESTEL Analysis...............................................................................................................10 A2. 5-Forces Analysis...............................................................................................................11 A3. Ryanair SWOT Analysis.....................................................................................................12 A4. TOWS Matrix....................
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...Ryanair – the low-fares airlines Case Study By Sid Hegde Ryanair – the low-fares airline Table of Contents Q1. Why ha s Ryanair been successful thus far? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Q2. Is Ryanair's strategy sustainable? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Q3. Would you recommend any changes to Ryanair's approach? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Q4. Should Ryanair continue to pursue the Aer Lingus bid? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Q5. Evaluate the strategic leadership of Michael O'Leary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...Low Testosterone in Male's COM/156 Do you as a male feel more tired than usual? Do you have a lower libido than usual? Maybe, you just feel more depressed than in the past. These are only a few of the symptoms a male can experience if he has low testosterone. When most people talk about testosterone they mostly associate it with the male sex organ, but it is so much more than that. Testosterone is a hormone that is made by your body and is responsible for several different functions. This hormone regulates the development and distribution of male hair, changes in body mass and strength, fat distribution, sex drive and sexual function, mood and energy levels, and last bone strength. According to the Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week journal (2012) “Low testosterone is the most common cause behind many age-related ailments faced by men of all ages.” (p. 900). Additionally, many chronic diseases, such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol, are linked to and associated with low testosterone levels in men. Men with low testosterone levels should seek medical treatment, because low testosterone impacts a man's entire body and can be destructive to his overall health. Testosterone is the male hormone that is responsible for the development and maintenance of the male sexual function. The physiological effect of testosterone impacts muscle mass and strength, bone density, metabolic function, mood and cognitive function (Tartavoulle & Porche, 2012). Low testosterone is caused...
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...the town of Springfield. That is, they operate in a duopoly. Each doctor can charge either a high price or a low price for a standard medical visit. The accompanying matrix shows their payoffs, in profits per patient (in dollars), for any choice that the two doctors can make. [pic] 1. Suppose the two doctors play a one-shot game—that is, they interact only once and never again. What will be the Nash (non-cooperative) equilibrium in this one-shot game? 2. Now suppose the two doctors play this game twice. Also, suppose each doctor can play one of two strategies: it can play either “always charge the low price” or “tit for tat”— that is, it starts off charging the high price in the first period, and then in the second period it does whatever the other doctor did in the previous period. Write down the payoffs to Dr. Fine from the following four possibilities: a. Dr. Fine plays “always charge the low price” when Dr. Feelgood also plays “always charge the low price.” |FIRST Period |Payoffs |SECOND Period |Payoffs |TOTAL Payoffs | | |Charges | | |Charges | | | | |(high or low) | | |(high or low) | | | |Fine | | ...
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...Strategies to Fight Low-Cost Rivals * Nirmalya Kumar From the December 2006 Issue * Strategies to Fight Low-Cost Rivals Strategy & Execution HBR Article Executive Summary Reprint: R0612F Companies find it challenging and yet strangely reassuring to take on opponents whose strategies, strengths, and weaknesses resemble their own. Their obsession with familiar rivals, however, has blinded them to threats from disruptive, low-cost competitors. Successful price warriors, such as the German retailer Aldi, are changing the nature of competition by employing several tactics: focusing on just one or a few consumer segments, delivering the basic product or providing one benefit better than rivals do, and backing low prices with superefficient operations. Ignoring cut-price rivals is a mistake because they eventually force companies to vacate entire market segments. Price wars are not the answer, either: Slashing prices usually lowers profits for incumbents without driving the low-cost entrants out of business. Companies take various approaches to competing against cut-price players. Some differentiate their products—a strategy that works only in certain circumstances. Others launch low-cost businesses of their own, as many airlines did in the 1990s—a so-called dual strategy that succeeds only if companies can generate synergies between the existing businesses and the new ventures, as the financial service providers HSBC and ING did. Without synergies, corporations...
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...Easy Jet and Ryanair; pricing strategies Flying high with low prices Introduction Easy jet and Ryanair and the two largest low cost airlines in Europe, they dominate the industry. They introduce low prices to entice customers; the earlier the customer’s book, the cheaper the price. By introducing these prices, Easy Jet and Ryanair have forced other airlines such as British Airways and Lufthansa to lower their prices. Both airlines have copied the American ‘South West airlines’ business model and introduced it to Europe. Easy Jet and Ryanair are able to provide the low prices by maintaining low costs. They cut costs in areas such as administration. With the online booking system, this saves them thousands of pounds every year. While cutting costs, the service given on board flights is not as good as the superior companies such as British Airways and Virgin Atlantic. It doesn’t have to be, as customers know that with the low prices comes low customer service. And for the cheap prices customers pay to fly with Easy Jet and Ryanair, they don’t mind. Ryanair Ryanair is the leading low cost airline in Europe. Founded in 1985 by the Ryan family they began with one flight and one aircraft flying between Waterford and Gatwick airport. Shortly after, they began flying regularly between Dublin airport and London Stanstead, competing with British Airways. ‘Carrying fewer than 700,000 passengers annually in its early years, the figures grew to 21.4 million years...
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...Two of the most popular diets are a low carbohydrate diet and a low calorie diet. A low carbohydrate diet removes almost all carbohydrates from one’s diet. Carbohydrates are a macronutrient that provide the body with energy. A low calorie diet lowers the amount of calories in one’s diet by lowering the amount of fats and the total amount of daily calories a person takes in. Low carbohydrate diets and low calorie diets are effective for weight loss but can be difficult to follow. Random, controlled studies show that both low carbohydrate diets and low calorie diets are effective for weight. In all of these studies participants were randomly assigned to either a low carbohydrate diet or a low calorie diet. Studies done by the New England Journal of Medicine have shown that low carbohydrate diets are more effective for weight loss in the first three months of following the diet than compared to low calorie diet (Foster & Wyatt, 2010). However, after twelve months, studies show that both groups of people that were being studied all lost weight. A study done by the New England Journal of Medicine shows that the low carbohydrate group lost an average of 12.76 pounds of body weight after six months, while the group on low calorie diets lost an average of 4.18 pounds of body weight during the same period (Foster & Watts, 2003). The group that was on a low carbohydrate diet were consuming thirty grams of carbohydrate a day, while the group on the low calorie diet were at a five hundred...
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...note of the (-1), (0), or (+1) score. | | Low Potential (-1) | Moderate Potential (0) | High Potential (+1) | 1. | Extent to which the idea: * Takes advantage of an environmental trend * Solves a problem * Addresses an unfilled gap in the marketplace | Weak | Moderate | Strong | 2. | Timeliness of entry to market | Not timely | Moderately timely | Very timely | 3. | Extent to which the idea “adds value” for its buyer or end user | Low | Medium | High | 4. | Extent to which the customer is satisfied by competing products that are already available | Very satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Not very satisfied or ambivalent | 5. | Degree to which the idea requires customers to change their basic practices or behaviors | Substantial changes required | Moderate changes required | Small to no changes required | Part 2: Industry-Related Issues | | Low Potential (-1) | Moderate Potential (0) | High Potential (+1) | 1. | Number of competitors | Many | Few | None | 2. | Stage of industry life cycle | Maturity phase or decline phase | Growth phase | Emergence phase | 3. | Growth rate of industry | Little or no growth | Moderate growth | Strong growth | 4. | Importance of industry’s products and/or services to customers | “Ambivalent” | “Would like to have” | “Must have” | 5. | Industry operating margins | Low | Moderate | High | Part 3: Target Market and Customer-Related Issues | | Low Potential (-1) | Moderate Potential (0) | High Potential...
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...was a randomized controlled trial of 148 participants with obesity, comparing a low-fat diet (< 30% calories from fat, 55% from carbs) to a low-carb diet (digestible carbs < 40 g/day). Over 1 year, those on the low-fat diet lost 1.8 kg and those in the low carb diet lost 5.3 kg, for a difference of 3.5 kg. Those on the low carb diet also had greater improvements in their cholesterol levels and their future risk for cardiovascular events. Released on the heels of this study, JAMA published a meta-analysis of 48 randomized trials of weight loss programs, incorporating over 7000 individuals with overweight or obesity; 25 of the studies examined weight loss at one year, which included over 5000 individuals. At one year, the effect of low fat diets (e.g., Ornish) and low carb diets (e.g., Atkins, South Beach) was similar with median weight loss of 7.27 kg and 7.25 kg, respectively, compared to individuals not on a diet. Both low fat and low carb diets led to somewhat more weight loss than balanced diets (e.g., Jenny Craig, Weight Watchers). At six months, low carb diets led to more weight loss than all other diets. What should people seeking to lose weight do with this conflicting information? There is some evidence that especially over the short-term, low carbohydrate diets might lead to more rapid weight loss than other diets. But, on balance, results for low carb and low fat diets are similar at one year. Ultimately, reality matters more than specific study outcomes. Weight loss...
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...entrance of new budget airlines? What opportunities and challenges are associated with that environment? The environment for new entrants into the budget or low cost carriers market in the Southeast Asian region has become very competitive in the last few years despite the fact that the low cost carrier industry is still young. One of the most appealing aspects for operating a low cast carrier in Southeast Asia is the size of the market. Moreover, the untapped potential for growth in many countries within the region is great. As stated in the case study, some government regulations have been adjusted, lifted or cancelled and this has brought about a flood of new entrants. While government deregulation is viewed as good news, there are some limitations to the potential of intra-Asia flights. “A major disadvantage of the LCCs in Asia is the smaller geographic areas of domestic economies. As LCCs turn their attention to international routes for expansion opportunities, they would confront regulatory constraints applying in international markets.” (Zhang, 2008). This is key to the development and continued growth of the low cost carriers in Southeast Asia. There are also many challenges and pitfalls when it comes to running an airline, especially if the profit margins are thin. With any airline, be it full service carrier or a low cost carrier, fuel cost is always going to be at the top of the list. Fuel costs for an airline, as a percentage of operating costs, typically runs from...
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...concept of interdependent nature, which are mutuality of dependence and level of dependence, contribute to the creation of power distance. When negotiators need to depend upon each other for the negotiation outcome, they are mutually dependent. Both of them have similar power in a negotiation. Power distance is relatively small. On the other hand, non-mutually dependent relationship occurs when one party is not able to use his or her own power to obtain a favorable outcome, rather he or she needs to rely heavily on the counterparty to obtain outcomes. Power distance exists in this situation. For the level of dependence, it refers to the degree to which one negotiator depends on the other party to obtain outcomes. Negotiators who have many alternatives (low dependence) are less dependent on their opponents. If negotiators only have a few or even no alternatives, they are highly relying on the others (high dependence). (Olekalns & Smith, 2009) Power distance will be created when there is a difference in the level of dependence between the negotiation parties. Assumed that it is one-to-one negotiation, if there is no difference in the level...
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...Writing and Other Cultures Effect of Social Economic Status Social economic status is often broken down into three categories of class (high SES, middle SES, and low SES) to represent the income an individual’s family or a specific individual may fall into. When talking about putting a family or person into one of these status’, one must look at three variables; income, education, and occupation. These variables play a huge role in how an individual would develop in as an child, view their health, and how they would ultimately value education. The environment that most low SES children are in result to less direct speech from parents, little time spent on reading books, and not seeing the doctor often because of no healthcare. These environments are sometimes small cramped apartments where the parents usually aren’t around because they either have to work or just don’t have the time. When comparing it to the environment to high SES children, the infants of these families experience more directed speech which leads to learning more words. As well as doing better in school, this goes along with having a better relationship with their parents. Parental roles in addressing their children may be linked to their position of their respective groups within society. The hard working class of individuals often has low power, small positions in their workforce. This positioning of social hierarchy requires a certain lifestyle and livelihood that is stable and capable of adapting to...
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...California, Florida and Georgia to introduce the Samurai. Problem Identification Which segment should the Samurai be positioned in so as to maximum utilize the brand equity which Suzuki already has? How should the Advertising budget be allocated among various media? Qualitative analysis Points of Parity and Points of Difference: SUV Feature 4Runner Suzuki Samurai Trooper Wagoneer Chevy S10 blazer Medium Medium Low Medium High Comfort Medium High High High Medium Quality High High Medium Low Low Styling High Medium Low High Medium Off-Road High Medium High Low High Gas mileage Marketing Management | 21/07/2010 Everyday Driving High Medium High medium Low Feature Pickup Trucks Suzuki Nissan(2) Toyota(2) Ford Samurai ranger(2) ChevyGMC s15(2) Nissan Toyota (4) (4) Ford ranger(4) ChevyGMC S10(4) Everyday Medium Driving High High Medium Low...
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...Low cost airlines Definition of low cost airlines Ryanair is a low cost carrier, well-known in Europe which started in 1991 as a ‘no-frills’ service airline between Ireland and the UK. By 1995, Ryanair spread to more European countries. Nine years later it carried 20 million passengers and 10 years after that, in 2010, the number of passengers doubled to 45 million. This low-fare short-haul airline was no\t the first airline was not the first airline with these characteristics. It was Southwest Airlines, an American airline which was introduced in 1967 and still going strong in 2016. (Quintano, 2015) Low cost airlines can be defined as being practical in a way that different low cost airlines offer different services. Some low cost airlines...
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...In early 2010, a young Malaysian financier named Jho Low began making some very expensive real estate deals in the United States. First, a shell company connected to Mr. Low, famous back home for partying with the likes of Paris Hilton, purchased a $23.98 million apartment in the Park Laurel condominiums in Manhattan. Three years later, that shell company sold the condo to another shell company, this one controlled by someone even more prominent in Malaysia: the film-producing stepson of the prime minister. A similar transaction was playing out on the other side of the country. Mr. Low bought a contemporary mansion in Beverly Hills for $17.5 million, then turned around and sold it, once again to the prime minister’s stepson. (Read a summary of this article in Malay.) Mr. Low also went shopping at the Time Warner Center condominiums overlooking Central Park. He toured a 76th-floor penthouse, once home to the celebrity couple Jay Z and Beyoncé, then in early 2011 used yet another shell company to buy it for $30.55 million, one of the highest prices ever in the building. At the time, Mr. Low said he represented a group of investors, according to two people with direct knowledge of the transaction. Mr. Low recently told The New York Times that he had not purchased the penthouse for investors, and that it was owned by his family’s trust. One thing is clear: As with nearly two-thirds of the apartments at the Time Warner Center, a dark-glass symbol of New York’s luxury...
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