...increasing number of abortion cases throughout the world. This scenario has been fuelled by among other factors social and economic factors. Abortion is the termination of pregnancy. It is the removal of the foetus before it is viable. It is usually done before the foetus gets to 25 weeks old. It is either spontaneous or induced abortion. Abortion refers to the induced type (Malcolm 1977 page 12). In developed countries, abortion is legal whereas most developing countries do not encourage and permit abortion. This brings about the differences in safe and unsafe abortions. Abortion accounts for over 70,000 maternal deaths worldwide. Abortion has a long history. In the past, it was done using crude tools such as sharpened tools, physical trauma and other traditional methods. With advancement in the field of medicine, contemporary methods are now used and involve the use of medication and surgical procedures (Nada 1998 page 61). Each country in the world has different legality, cultural and religious statuses and prevalence of abortion. The ethical principles towards abortion and removal of pregnancies also vary. Countries such as the United States of America and Britain have heated politics surrounding the issue of abortion in pro-life and pro-choice campaigns (Ted 1995 page 66). These are based on the argument that for one group, it should be legalized and for the other, abortion should not. Most governments in the developed countries have legalized abortion. Many developing...
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...kanilang fertility at reproductive health; at, ang kanilang kamalayan at pakikilahok sa mga gawaing panlipunan. Ilan sa mga rekomendasyon ay ang pagkakaroon ng pambansang sarbey sa mga bagong erya ng pag-aaaral kaakibat ang kwalitatibong pananaliksik, pananaliksik pampatakaran (policy research) at operations research. Ang artikulo ay isang pagtatangka sa paghahanap ng mga pamamaraan upang maimulat sa mga kabataan at sa lipunang Pilipino ang kahalagahan ng maturidad at pagbibigay ng mga safety nets sa ating mga kabataan bilang gabay sa transisyunal na panahong ito sa pagitan ng kanilang pagiging mamamayan na may sapat na gulang. * Director at the Population Institute, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines-Diliman. vol. 56 nos.1-4, jan-dec 1999 PHILIPPINE SOCIAL...
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...Human cloning is the process of somatic cell nuclear transfer to create a human embryo which has the potential to be implanted into a woman's uterus and develop into a child. http://search.proquest.com/docview/274730164?accountid=152046 Pro Con Intro. The debate is usually divided into two issues -- reproductive cloning (creating cloned human beings) and therapeutic cloning (creating cloned human embryos for research and destruction). For now, there is near-universal consensus that we should shun the first. The idea of mother-daughter twins or genetically-identical "daddy juniors" stirs horror in us. Our moral sense revolts at the prospect, because so many of our cherished principles would be violated: the principle that children should not be designed in advance; that newborns should be truly new, without the burden of a genetic identity already lived; that a society where cloning is easy (requiring a few cells from anywhere in the body) means anyone could be cloned without knowledge or consent; and that replacing lost loved ones with "copies" is an insult to the ones lost, since it denies the uniqueness and sacredness of their existence. For these reasons, Americans agree that human cloning should never happen -- not merely because the procedure is not yet "safe," but because it is wrong. http://search.proquest.com/docview/398885498?accountid=152046 Point 1 Many research advocates say that they, too, are against "reproductive cloning." But to protect their research,...
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...The society has begun to recognize serious concerns with issues that the youth have to deal with today. Some issues have always been a problem but are now coming to the eyes of the public to find solutions. In my essay I am going to discuss fully the meaning of sociological imagination, the difference between personal problems and the public issue that the youth of South Africa faces. I will also discuss about the measures that needs to be done in order reduce the challenges and problems that affect different individuals. 2. THE MEANING OF SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION. ‘‘Sociological Imagination is the capacity to see how sociological situations play out due to how people differ in terms of their places in given social and historical circumstances. It is a way of thinking about things in the society that have led to some sort of outcome, and understanding what causes to that outcome” (Mills, 1959:2). The things we do are shaped by the situation we are in, the values we have and the way we act around people. Sociological Imagination can be considered as a quality of mind around that understands the interplay of the individual and society. By developing a sociological imagination we are able to see that we are socialized, and we are able to view how social environment has an effect on decisions that we make. Social environment differ across many boundaries but not limited to race, ethnicity, gender and class. Social change happens all time it is debatable and considered but...
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...covered in this research paper is abortion. This paper looks into the history of abortion, the pro-life view of abortion and the pro-choice view of abortion. Under history of abortion the information included is the time line of significant events of abortion such as becoming legal, also different ways in ancient times women would try to use abortions. The upgrading of technology making abortion safer and even if abortion was illegal women would still find a way to abort a baby are also covered under the history of abortion. Under pro-life choice for abortion looks into abortion murder, the rights of human and the rights of the unborn and that a women doesn't have a right to terminate her own fetus. Under pro- choice is the women's rights, and the rights to the women and also how abortion isn't murder due to the fact that fetuses cannot feel pain and how a women has a right to her own body and whether or not she decides she wants to carry a pregnancy to term. Pro-life people claim that abortion is an escape for people who are not responsible and don’t want to suffer the consequences of their actions. As a matter of fact, legal abortion will reduce morality and dignity of men and women in society according to some (Emmens 34-35). Doris Gordon, coordinator of Libertarians For Life, opposes abortion in her viewpoint, “Unborn children don’t cause women to become pregnant, but parents cause their children to be the womb, and as a result, they need parental care…[therefore], we...
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...COURT OF APPEAL FOR ONTARIO Constitutional law -- Charter of Rights -- Life, liberty and security of the person -- Fundamental justice -- Abortion -- Criminal Code prohibiting abortion except where life or health of woman endangered -- Whether or not abortion provisions infringe right to life, liberty and security of the person -- If so, whether or not such infringement in accord with fundamental justice -- Whether or not impugned legislation reasonable and demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society -- Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, ss. 1, 7 -- Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1970, c. C-34, s. 251. Constitutional law -- Jurisdiction -- Superior court powers and inter-delegation -- Whether or not therapeutic abortion committees exercising s. 96 court functions -- Whether or not abortion provisions improperly delegate criminal law powers -- Constitution Act, 1867, ss. 91(27), 96. Constitutional law -- Charter of Rights -- Whether or not Attorney General's right of appeal constitutional -- Costs -- Whether or not prohibition on costs constitutional -- Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1970, c. C-34, ss. 605, 610(3). Criminal law -- Abortion -- Criminal Code prohibiting abortion and procuring of abortion except where life or health of woman endangered -- Whether or not abortion provisions ultra vires Parliament -- Whether or not abortion provisions infringe right to life, liberty and security of the person -- If so, whether or not such infringement...
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...THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA SCHOOL OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT NAME : LIMPO NAMAKAU COMPUTER NO : 11053909 COURSE : CVE 3020 LECTURER : MR. CHIDONGO PHIRI TASK : ASSIGNMENT (1) ONE LENGTH : BETWEEN 12 and 30 TYPED PAGES DUE DATE : 30th JANUARY, 2014. QUESTION : Critically discuss how the study of Public Legal Education would help school managers analyse the following; i). Public Nuisance ii). Negligence of girl child iii). Abortion Practices iv). Examination Malpractice Without rules and regulations, society would be impossible to have because freedom without boundaries results in anarchy which means total confusion. From birth, human beings’ lives, safety, health and peace are controlled by law. It is for this reason that this piece of work seeks to critically discuss how the study of public legal education would help school managers analyze public nuisance, negligence of the girl child, abortion practices and examination malpractices. According to Johari (1989), law is a set of rules which society develops for itself to control the behaviours of its members towards one another. Migel et al (2005) defines public as something that is not owned privately but in common, while legal is a word used to refer to issues, things, activities or information to do with how or what the law requires (Cooper, 1978). For a rule to be recognized as a law there should be a way of compelling people to obey it and this is done...
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...ADOLESCENT AND EPRODUCTIVE YOUTH REPRODUCTIVE EALTH HEALTH IN PHILIPPINES Status, Issues, Policies, and Programs POLICY is funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development under Contract No. HRN-C-00-00-00006-00, beginning July 7, 2000. The project is implemented by Futures Group International in collaboration with Research Triangle Institute and the Centre for Development and Population Activities (CEDPA). Photos selected from M/MC Photoshare at www.jhuccp.org/mmc. Photographers (from top): Lauren Goodsmith, Tod Shapera, and Reproductive Health Association of Cambodia (RHAC). Adolescent Reproductive Health in the Philippines Status, Policies, Programs, and Issues C. A. Varga Consultant I. Zosa-Feranil POLICY Project January 2003 POLICY Project Table of Contents Acknowledgments ......................................................................................................................................iii Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................................iv 1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 1 Terminology and age categories............................................................................................................... 2 Data...........................................................................
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...pregnancy is one of the major problems affecting the United Kingdom’s not only the health sector but also all other sectors. The problem has slowly been increasing and through its associated negative impacts has affected the economic status of the country due to increased number of school drop-outs. Accessibility to health and contraception services has been one of the major causes of teenage pregnancy more in England than any other western European countries. Due to the severity of the associated effects of teenage pregnancies in the country, the government has developing ways to minimize or rather mitigate the increasing rate of teenage pregnancies in England. The paper addresses the extent of how government initiated strategies has impacted on the overall teenage pregnancies problem. DEDICATION (OPTIONAL) TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT 2 DEDICATION (OPTIONAL) 3 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 5 Introduction 5 Background 5 Problem statement 6 Research Question 6 Research Objective 7 Main Objective 7 Specific objectives 7 Research Justification 7 Literature search strategy 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 9 Introduction 9 Government role in addressing teenage pregnancy 9 Barriers towards teenage pregnancy reduction 10 Bibliography 12 APPENDICES 13 Appendix 1 13 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Introduction Teenage pregnancy is one of the most problematic issues in many states, but the UK remains...
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...pregnancy is one of the major problems affecting the United Kingdom’s not only the health sector but also all other sectors. The problem has slowly been increasing and through its associated negative impacts has affected the economic status of the country due to increased number of school drop-outs. Accessibility to health and contraception services has been one of the major causes of teenage pregnancy more in England than any other western European countries. Due to the severity of the associated effects of teenage pregnancies in the country, the government has developing ways to minimize or rather mitigate the increasing rate of teenage pregnancies in England. The paper addresses the extent of how government initiated strategies has impacted on the overall teenage pregnancies problem. DEDICATION (OPTIONAL) TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT 2 DEDICATION (OPTIONAL) 3 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 5 Introduction 5 Background 5 Problem statement 6 Research Question 6 Research Objective 7 Main Objective 7 Specific objectives 7 Research Justification 7 Literature search strategy 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 9 Introduction 9 Government role in addressing teenage pregnancy 9 Barriers towards teenage pregnancy reduction 10 Bibliography 12 APPENDICES 13 Appendix 1 13 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Introduction Teenage pregnancy is one of the most problematic issues in many states, but the UK remains...
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...harder for a teenager to get a good education. Some start to fail in school because they are hanging out with their boyfriend or girlfriend instead of doing their work. Throughout adolescence, teenagers are positively and negatively impacted by several relationships such as friends, family, and love relationships. Friends have a big influence on teenagers because they can say and do many of things to teenagers who think they were friends. They also start rumors and take their friends girlfriend or boyfriend and have them cheat on their friend. Some go out to drink, smoke, or to do drugs just to have fun but some think of driving home and most teenagers do not even make it to their driveways. Some teenagers who are so depressed about their social problems even think about committing suicide. Most start to hurt others turn into “goth’s” by dressing in all black. Many of depressed people show how they feel by dressing differently by acting out and hurting others in school. Parents have a big influence on teenagers because their children look up to them and 90% of them grow up to act and do things just like their parents did with them. Teenagers who have parents that are in jail, or do drugs do not always have a good education or a household. “Children who have experienced a family break-up may have lower...
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...often fail to recognise a mental health problem, because of this it could get progressively worse and they could become very unwell and have a low self-esteem. Marxism – Society structure that is based on economic power and how wealthy you are. This has two social classes, the rich and the poor. This links to This links to health as rich people get cared for quicker. This is because they have the money to be able to get private health care. For example a poor person would have to go to a standard hospital and will have to wait hours to be seen to where as a rich person with private health care will be seen to straight away as there are less people waiting. This links to ill health as the believe that if the doctors do not find an illness then there is not one there, this means that they could have a serious health problem which a doctor may not have spotted and because they believe that there is not one there they could develop a serious illness and become unwell. Feminism – Believe that society is structured in a way that leaves women at a disadvantage and argues that women deserve equal rights and opportunities to men. This links to This links to health as Interactionism – This is about shared meanings in social contexts and the use of symbols and language. People impose meaning on the world and communication enables meaning....
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...I chose to investigate sexual education because it is a policy area that hits close to home. Sexual Education is an issue with many facets, but it falls under the larger umbrella of reproductive freedom. Many people would consider themselves either pro-life or pro-choice, but there is also a middle section that is less defined. This section is present because of cases like rape, health difficulties, or future health of the baby. With education, it is less black and white in the eyes of the general populace. Further, sides are frequently taken due to religious beliefs. Education is typically a more local issue, but it has a large impact on the rate of pregnant teens, which ultimately funnels into the debate over abortion. More specifically, the federal government has to take action on both abortion and sexual education because of their inter-connectedness. With that said, the focus of my policy is primarily the need for comprehensive sexual education. I work for the American Civil Liberties Union, and within this I am a part of TACL. The point of this group is to focus on civil liberties for students. With the passage of the abstinence only bill in Tennessee, I feel as though my liberties have been taken. I believe that you cannot stop students from doing what is natural by not teaching them about it or teaching them about protection. Studies show that in states with abstinence only education laws, the pregnancy rate is much higher. I want to focus my research on...
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...lakes, streams, and babbling brooks, cows and horses basking in the full day sun in pastures filled with wild flowers, and some of the most amazingly detailed rolling hills carved by the glaciers one could ever lay their eyes upon. This is Wisconsin, clean air, friendly people, and wonderful schools and healthcare. One could only fall in love. Each place has its beauty, each its special place in the hearts of those who reside there. Even with a feeling of home, one wonders what challenges face each community. Just like with maintaining a home, if left in ill repair it will surely crumble to the ground, as is also true for the people who live within these communities. They too need up-keep via access to education and healthcare. This paper wishes to complete an assessment and diagnosis of healthcare needs in just one small community, Blair Wisconsin. Community Blair was originally founded in the 1850’s on the banks of the Trempealeau River. The majority of the population of Blair is as it was in the 1800’s, primarily Norwegian, with a small group of German’s. Farming is Wisconsin, but within city limits there are many dual income families, single household families, and retirees. Services available in Blair include the following. There is one long term care facility, one assisted living building with 8 apartments, two group homes for the mentally challenged, a clinic, 2 gas stations, 2 small restaurants, a used clothing store, an auto mechanics retailer, veterinary clinic,...
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...Evaluate Your Argument on the Issue In this chapter you will learn how to identify and overcome errors in reasoning. This is a special step that applies only to issues because resolving issues involves finding the most reasonable belief. Two broad kinds of errors are examined—errors affecting the truth of your ideas and errors affecting the quality of your reasoning. A step-by-step approach to evaluate arguments is also included. ecause your main objective in addressing an issue is not to find the most effective action but to determine the most reasonable belief, your main task in refining an issue is to evaluate your argument to be sure that it is free of error. Two broad kinds of error must be considered. The first affects the truth of the argument’s premises or assertions. The second affects the argument’s validity— that is, the legitimacy of the reasoning by which the conclusion was reached. A sound argument is both true and valid. B ■ ERRORS AFFECTING TRUTH Errors affecting truth are found by testing the accuracy of the premises and the conclusion as individual statements. The first and most common error in this category is simple factual inaccuracy. If we have investigated the issue properly and have taken care to verify our evidence whenever possible, such errors should not be present. We will therefore limit our consideration to the more subtle and common errors: ISBN 1-256-46689-1 • • • • Either/or thinking Avoiding the issue Overgeneralizing Oversimplifying ...
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