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The Prince and the Pauper

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The Prince and the Pauper
Mark Twain

The story of “The Prince and the Pauper” is a great American classic. The novel takes place in the city of London. While half of the story takes place in the grand palace, the other takes place in the “Offal Court” just off of Pudding Lane. Although published in 1881, the setting is that of 1547 England. This work of fiction details a “true story” that has been passed down through generations from fathers to sons. It tells of the historical events between King Henry VIII’s last days and the beginning of the rule of King Edward. There are only a few important characters throughout the course of the novel. None are more important than the ones for whom the novel is named! The crown prince as well as the only prince of England in this historical story is Prince Edward. He is the son of King Henry VIII and Jane Seymour. The pauper, Tom Canty, is the son of an abusive man who comes into play later on in the story. The story opens with the introduction of two boys, a prince and a pauper, who were born on the same day in the same city with the exception that one’s birth was celebrated throughout England while the other’s was cursed by his family. The book then fast-forwards fifteen years to detail the miserable life of Tom Canty. As poor as the poor come, Tom’s mannerisms, wish fullness to be royalty for a day, and unwillingness to beg or pickpocket as he is commanded to by his cruel father, leads people to call him “the little prince” of Offal Court. He would often have magnificent, splendid dreams of being clothed in royal robes and speaking in the highest manner, but would always wake up in a fit surrounded by his poverty. The royal, on the other hand, has lived the best life that any young prince could ever hope to live. Unlike Tom the Prince of Wales was well-read, articulate, and very athletic. The plot starts to roll as Tom Canty takes a long walk and ends up outside the palace gates. He is so intrigued by the sight of the royal prince that he doesn’t realize he’s staring until a palace guard shoves him roughly away and calls him derogatory names. Prince Edward witnesses this uncalled for treatment and immediately invites the pauper into his private quarters to have tea. During the chat they inquire about one another’s lives and even switch clothes. Problems arise when, not realizing how symmetrical they look, each one is mistaken for another! This is where their respective journeys begin as they weave through each other’s lives to try to get back to their own. The royal prince who has become a pauper is mistakenly thrown out of the palace into the streets of Tom Canty’s home. From there he embarks on an escapade of running away from Tom’s abusive father, being captured by a group of promiscuous men, befriending a sympathetic onlooker and trying to convince the cruel crowds along the way that he is really the crown prince of Wales. A “kindly”, but insane monk even tried to kill him during his sleep! At the same time, the pauper-turned-prince is making his way through the confusing and demanding life that was much different than his dreams. The palace finds him “troubled” and falls into a great panic of thinking the royal son has gone insane as he tells them that he is not, in fact, the crown prince. When King Henry dies and both “princes” show up to take the throne, everyone in the city of London is left staring. Although the real pauper is ready to give up his cumbersome title, the real prince was forced to prove his authenticity by revealing the hiding place of the king’s seal which had been lost for some time. At the end of the story, the people who did good to the prince clothed in rags were rewarded while the people who harmed him were punished severely. The universal theme present in “The Prince and the Pauper” is that of giving or treating people with kindness instead of having wickedness in your heart. In the book, when Miles Hendon befriends the poorly clothed prince he doesn’t actually believe his claims as the prince of Wales, but even so he humored the young boy. He thought of nothing in return, but was only genuinely concerned for his well-being. There were people that scoffed at him, but in the end it was Miles Hendon that gained a permanent seat in the palace. Likewise, the delinquents who chased and tortured the real prince on his journey back home were punished for their cruel deeds. The story is told in the third person. Mark Twain is the narrator relating the events. The story opens with Twain telling us that the following story has been passed down through many generations. He even states that the true history behind the events is a sort of “privy” knowledge long-forgotten. The tone behind his voice is one of insider knowledge with an air of mystery. I found this story to be one of my favorites and I understand why it has become an American classic. The story of two identical strangers who switch into opposite lives is so intriguing! There were some parts that made me scared to turn the page and there were others where I turned the pages with a smile on my face. I found this book to be a very good example of the author’s style of writing. Although there was some grief along the way, Mark Twain didn’t fail in giving the story a happy ending for the good-hearted and justice to the wicked. I have read this book a dozen times and I’d gladly read it a dozen more.

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