...African American women are in a great advantage because they are able to see the struggle between classes for dominance therefore, they can offer critical insights on the racial and social structures on the road to career the road to career advancement and leadership positions. From a feminist standpoint, if you look at the social world from a Marxist perspective, it has been found that African American women’s subordination is attributed to how their situation served the interests of the owners of production. Knowledge is socially situated in a way that causing African American women to be exploited, which includes getting paid less, being marginalized into low-paying occupations, and being employed less than men. African American women are being used as a cheap source of labor because they do not control the economic conditions in American institutions which makes them more aware of racial and social structures than it is for those who own the means of...
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...Occupied by Women in South Africa through Theatre This paper sets out to explore how processes of theatre making employed by The Mothertongue project, provide spaces for women to remap their personal narratives. Mothertongue works from the premise that the development and subsequent performance of stories in theatrical processes affords women the opportunity to re-write and remap their personal narratives and in so doing insert their voices into the landscape of South African Theatre. In an attempt to redress the gender imbalances and androcentricism prevalent in post-apartheid theatre, this paper speaks to the relationship between theatre, liminality and communitas. I am interested in unpacking how collaborative processes of theatre-making provide spaces for women to remap their personal narratives. Remapping in this instance refers to processes of transforming lived experience through story. I address how, through engaging in ritual activities that are central to the stories performed, actors, audiences and the owners of the source stories are invited to physically participate in remapping and transforming lived experience. Linked to this is the choice of form(s) and how this affects or impacts on the performed stories as well as on the construction of performed rituals and ultimately on the processes of remapping personal narratives. I focus specifically on Mothertongue’s 2004 production, Uhambo: pieces of a dream. The production was an integration of theatre and...
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... two people exchange views, but neither is changed by the interaction, you have literature. If two people have an enormous physical fight but their relationship remains unchanged, you have spectacle. But if one is altered by the other, then you have drama.” Johnston (1979). In every drama, there’s always a thing called elements of drama. The elements of drama is like an analysis of it, it tells us how the play goes on and how it will end. The elements of drama consist of four main parts and they are Plot, Character, Setting and Theme. Drama doesn’t mean vulgarity, it is a source to promote any society culture. A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots. Culture, then, is a study of perfection, and perfection which insists on becoming something rather than in having something, in an inward condition of the mind and spirit, not in an outward set of circumstances. 1.1: Culture Culture is a word for people’s way of life, meaning the way groups do things. Different groups of people may have different cultures. A culture is passed on to the next generation by learning, whereas genetics are passed on by heredity. Culture is seen in people's writing, religion, music, clothes, cooking, and in...
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...5 Types of Power A. Legitimate Power Legitimate or it is sometimes called authority or formal power, is that which is derived from the person's position in the organization. It exists because organizations find it advantageous to assign certain powers to individuals so that they can do their jobs effectively. All managers have some degree of legitimate power. It stems from the manager's position in the organization and the authority that lies in that position. Subordinates acknowledge the legitimate power that comes from being in a leadership position in an organization. The employees believe that the manager has the authority to direct their actions, and they are willingly to comply with those requests. Like most power, legitimate power is based upon perception and reality. It is based upon the reality that a person holds a particular position in an organization. It's also based on the perception of an employee that someone holding that position has authority to exert control over her. Legitimate power as a source of authority has one distinct advantage over many other sources of authority, which is that it is usually based upon some objective rule or law of the organization. For example, when an employee asks his/her manager to approve his/her personal time off, the employee knows that the manager has legitimate power to either approve or deny that request. Regardless of what is the manager decision, the employee must comply. B. Reward Power It is simply define...
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...896). Besides the war on America, there is a war happening at the heart of the country that Bradbury presents through main protagonist, Guy Montag, who burns books for a living. “Seemingly easy to hide, easy to carry around, books nonetheless have—or had, until the advent of the Internet— a particular vulnerability. They can be controlled at the point of production (by censoring their contents in advance), and can also readily be destroyed before, during, or after their distribution. Yet, ironically, the book burning (initiated in Nazi Germany in 1933 by students, not by the government) seen in newsreels emanating from Germany in the 1930s, itself played a part in the spread of libraries in the U.S” (Patai 43). Similarly to WWII and the book burnings in Germany, Fahrenheit 451 (being the temperature that book paper burns), contains the matter of censorship and a silencing of free thought. This war on free thought in the novel was one that Bradbury had fought in his own life. Patai goes on to say, “Writing less than a decade later, in the shadow of McCarthy and Stalin, Bradbury feared the suppression of independent thought in whatever form it might...
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...Steele- Moses Qualitative Nursing Research Critique Qualitative nursing research, has been building momentum in the health care arena for some time now. Qualitative nursing research is valuable to knowledge related to evidenced based practice. For instance, human responses are studied and questions related to potential or actual health problems or diseases are answered. Concepts and Phenomenon are studied and the results are interpretive. Qualitative nursing research is valuable but because outcomes and data aren’t precisely measured, as in quantitative research, critiques are more frequent. “There is a growing body of research to support the view that health care providers are biased in their approach to caring for obese patients” (Creel, 2012). I am providing a qualitative nursing research critique on the article, “Stigmatization of Overweight Patients by Nurses”. Purpose and Problem Identification The focus and purpose of this qualitative nursing research study is to investigate and explore the phenomenon of the stigmatization of overweight patients by their nurses or the nursing staff. The purpose of this qualitative nursing research study is clearly stated in the abstract and under the purpose subheading within the article. The problems that lead to the production of this article was that the increasing number of discrimination reports from obese persons in the United States of America. “Obese individuals are highly stigmatized and face multiple forms of prejudice...
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...child and into his adult life and how he came into discovery of the “flow” development. Discussions of his accomplishments as well as those who are inspired by him are given. Sometimes a person needs to know about a person’s background in order to appreciate the obstacles experienced for the realization that is possible for others to overcome ones past and realize the possibility of a more positive future. A view of how the “flow” has benefitted some. Csikszentmihalyi is known for his obsession for serenity, the man behind the “flow” and his life experiences getting there. On September 29, 1934 he was born in Fiume, Italy to his father a Hungarian diplomatic (Answers, 2006). He lived in various places growing up such as Rome and Florence. During his time as a child he spoke various languages from German, Hungarian, and Italian which proved to be an asset while living in an Italian prison camp during World War II. He lived through bombing throughout Rome as well as POW and refugee camps. It was during this time he learned how to play chess which became his way of escaping the world and the routines of the daily life activities of and from the war (Starr, 2008). The rules and guidelines of the game kept him focused rather than stressing over the war and the things he had experienced and seen. While he was still considered a refugee, he continued to study while working at various jobs such as photographer, travel agent, auditor, and a painter. While in Switzerland he attended...
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...the logistical field opposed to leaving this career. I like working in the logistical field because the economy needs logistics. The employment opportunities in the logistic field are widespread throughout the country and world. I have eleven years of experience in logistics; so I have knowledge advantage. When I earn my Bachelors degree, it will support and strengthen my logistical experience. For logistics I should continue to pursue a logistic career because the economy relies on logistics. The economy functions on supply and demand. Companies distribute and receive supplies to supply the economy of what it demands. It does not matter what type of business it is: military, agriculture, industrial, manufacturing, human resources, or financial. The logistical behavior never changes. Every supply and demand business model is requisite of logistics. Logistics is the reason for economic growth and technological advances. If it weren’t for the increasing demand for logistics to supply the economy quickly, then it wouldn’t have stimulated the advancement of technology to do so. Michael Porter, a business strategist, inferred that the increased logistical demand made business subsequently competitive. The competition through logistics sparked the technological industry into innovative equipment. In turn, this stimulates new businesses to grow and provide new employment for logisticians (Sheffi, Y 2012). Employment growth Advanced technology...
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...Invention of Photography Adam M. Bolenbaugh DeVry University Invention of Photography Photography, a nineteenth century scientific invention, has like many other technical innovations of the era “dramatically altered mankind’s perception and experience of the world, “an effect that continues to this day.” The invention of photographs defines the beginning of the modern era due to the effects it had on new systems of representation including graphic design and advertising. The photograph evolved and “it was this fertile and receptive soil” of the nineteenth century which saw its serious development. From the birth of lithography to the development of chromolithography, and the new systems of representation in graphic design and advertising on billboards, posters, and in magazines, its invention next to the printed word, is still the “widest form of communication” since the beginnings of the modern era. The ability and need to create and reproduce photographs ourselves has created a virtual reality that has Become an inescapable part of our modern era. The invention of photography as we know it in the modern world today is one which not one person can solely be praised for as many generations have been involved in its perfection. The concept behind photography is the “camera obscure” Latin for “dark chamber”, and was a room or box with a small opening or lens in one side which was known to the ancient world as early as Aristotle and Leonardo da Vinci...
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...growing clients in the Alternate Investment Market in which GT is the dominant accounting firm. Not having to concentrate on a particular industry at the start of my career will also give me a much more rounded business experience. GT is a leader in its field and will provide me with the opportunities and challenges that a Big 4 firm can offer but unlike the Big 4 GT can focus on, and support my personal development. I feel this is typified by the buddy system in place where an existing trainee is on hand to assist you. Finally GT has a reputation for being a leading employer that is wholly dedicated to the training of its employees; which is epitomized by the unique training experience available at Bradenham Manor. As well as being business focused, we also look for people who show a strong motivation to the business area they are applying to. Please tell us about your focus and knowledge of your chosen business area, and the relevant professional qualification? (Where applicable) A career in audit presents an unparalleled business education in addition to a highly valued professional qualification. I believe that audit provides the opportunity to completely understand the operations of businesses as well as to utilise the analytical skills and knowledge that I have developed during my degree. The foremost activity of the audit service line is the annual statutory audit, which is required by law for all large companies. An audit can be expressed as an independent check...
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...Possibility by Peter McLaren explains critical pedagogy as “a way of thinking about and negotiating through praxis the relationship among classroom teaching, the production of knowledge, the larger institutional structures of the school, and the social and material relations of the wider community, society, and nation-state” (p. 22). He further goes on states that critical pedagogy is an approach adopted by progressive teachers who are attempting to eliminate inequalities on the basis of social class and that it has also sparked a wide array of anti-sexist, anti-racist, and anti-homophobic classroom-based curricula and policy initiatives. The progressive teacher is one who rejects the “banking” concept of education in which, “Education thus becomes an act of depositing, in which the students are the depositories and the teacher is the depositor” (Freire 1970, p.53). Freire used the concept “banking education” to explain the framework for curriculum delivery that he believed existed in schools. In banking education, the teacher is the subject while the students are patient listening objects (p.52). In addition, students are mainly asked to memorize and regurgitate often meaningless facts, which hinders their ability to solve problems and think critically. and observe problems that exist in the world. With these ideas in mind, I’ve reflected on my personal educational experience in Korea and realized that I was trained under the “banking” education system. The teacher is the authority...
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...narratives enslavement of the following writer is as follow. This all started when the slaves were captured from west Africa and sold to north America. They were separated from their families, brothers, and sisters, sold to north American people where they used them for so many things. Most of them worked in cotton or tobacco production. Slaves were used for hard work, because they have no right and control over their situation. Slaves don’t have the right to talk or question their master. So, they are their master’s property. The narrative story of venture smith, David walker, Phillis Wheatley and Equiano are important because of their stories of hardship and their way to freedom. Smith venture, was captured when he was young. He was 6 and a half years old when they separated him from his family. Smith story was different from all slaves because, he was separated from his family several times even when he was a servant. He also tried to escape from his master with two other slaves. He worked hard to earn his freedom and that of his family. He paid 71 pounds for his freedom and 200 dollars for his two sons. Smiths does not believe in laziness,...
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...De Certeau, Michel. The Practice of Everyday Life. Translated by Steven F. Randall Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984. In this insightful and thought provoking book, de Certeau endeavours to establish his theory of productivity and consumption being innate in everyday life. To add, de Certeau explores Foucault’s concept of social practices in Disciplines and Punishment, Bordieu’s habitus, and others, as his introductions to the procedures of everyday creativity, or practices. Furthermore, he explains the system of “the relations between consumers and the mechanism of production” while distinguishing two uses of practices: strategy and tactics. By opening the discussion with the “everyman” or the “nobody” he is talking about the philosophy of anonymity. There seems to be some mixed emotions towards this everyman, both praising yet somewhat negative. For how he is shown with “already democratic in inspiration” but has also “embarked in the crowded human ship of fools.” (pg. 1) The character noble in his struggle of existence against hostile systems, but is ironic in simplicity. Saying that, trivialities stand between the everyman’s paths. De Certeau claims that there is a must in using common language as a means to understand common, anonymous, people, when his language is anything but. Anonymity, the mass, hides within general society’s perception and are unknown to all, even to themselves. Saying that common is so unanimous that it is hard to differentiate...
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...Human Capital Human Capital is a set of skills which an employee acquires on the job, through training and experience, and which increase that employee's value in the marketplace. It is also the skills and knowledge acquired thru education. A computer training course, schooling and lectures on the virtues of punctuality and honesty are also capital because they raise earnings, improve health, or add to a person’s good habits over much of his lifetime. Therefore, economists regard expenditures on EDUCATION, training, medical care, and so on as investments in human capital. They are called human capital because people cannot be separated from their knowledge, skills, health, or values in the way they can be separated from their financial and physical assets. Human capital can be viewed in general terms, such as the ability to read and write, or in specific terms, such as the acquisition of a particular skill with a limited industrial application. Critics of the theory argue that it is difficult to separate human capital investment from personal consumption. I think in my opinion there is is no difference between human capital investment and personal consumption because both help in improving a person’s life. For example a skill in particular field could help a person get a job and that brings in money which could be used to feed the family. Adam Smith a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy defines four types of fixed capital (which is characterized...
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...Artists in the 20th and 21st Centuries Spring 2012 Research Paper – African American Art & the Great Depression The Great Depression was the worst economic downturn of the twentieth century. The federal government took unprecedented action to provide relief, recovery and reform. No group was harder hit by the Great Depression than African Americans. The New Deal was slow to deal with the unique situation faced by African Americans. The struggles of the Great Depression laid the foundation for the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. Art would play an important role in influencing the future. Despite its limitations, the New Deal, through the Works Progress Administration’s (WPA) Federal Arts Program (FAP), was responsible for reshaping the cultural agenda and “marked a significant turning point in the production of black culture.”1 The artists of the Great Depression built upon the work done during the Harlem Renaissance. New Deal art extended and affirmed art that translated “politics into cultural terms.”2 The FAP looked for a “new sense of authentic American culture – one that championed national values and traditions by celebrating regional and racial diversity.”3 As a result, many artists worked to place African Americans in the historical narrative of the United States while combating long held stereotypes. None were less important than Aaron Douglas, Jacob Lawrence, Dox Trash, and the creators of the Harlem Hospital murals. Throughout the decade...
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