...this business, the paper explores three central manifestations of globalization at work in the Caribbean cruise industry: the restructuring of the industry in the face of global competition, capital mobility, and labor migration; new patterns of global ethnic recruitment and strati®cation, including their incorporation into the product marketed to tourists; and deterritorialization, cultural theming, and simulation. The paper asserts that this ``globalization at sea'' illustrates the contradictions, ambiguities, and unchartered course of contemporary globalization processes. Keywords: globalization, tourism, cruise industry, Caribbean, migration, ethnicity. 5 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. ReÂsumeÂ: Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes: la globalisation en mer. Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes fournit un point de vue particuliÁerement appropriÂe pour comprendre le processus de globalisation dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. AprÁes avoir passÂe en revue la rapide expansion de ce genre de commerce, l'article explore trois manifestations centrales de la globalisation aÁ l'úuvre dans l'industrie des croisiÁeres aux CaraÈõbes: la restructuration de l'industrie confrontÂee Áa la concurrence globale, aÁ la mobilitÂe du capital et aÁ la migration du travail; les nouveaux modes de recrutement et de strati®cation ethniques globaux; et la dÂeterritorialisation, le thÁeme culturel...
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...world international adoption appears to solve two problems at once. However recently Romania has stopped all international adoptions amid claims of corruption and human trafficking. Similar stories have clouded adoptions from Guatemala. Despite these difficulties international adoptions by US citizens have tripled in the past 5 years and legislation has been passed to make it easier for these adopted children to obtain citizenship. While some children complain of a feeling of cultural dislocation, others are sent to Chinese-American summer camps and seem delighted with their new homes and dual identity. The long-term effects of such migrations are hard to predict but many opponents call for more efforts to be made to house children in their country of birth, with proper support for domestic orphanages and adoption schemes. | | Arguments | Pros | Cons | | | | International adoption removes children from the culture into which they were born. Often this causes a sense of dislocation as the child grows older because the do not feel fully a part of their adopted culture nor the culture of the country into which they were born. These feelings can be exacerbated by racial or ethnic distinctions. | | Whatever maybe lost culturally is more than made up for by the benefits of growing up in a secure and loving environment rather than an ‘institutional’ setting. Many parents go to great lengths to learn about the culture of their child’s birth country giving the child the advantage...
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...Abstract Economic globalization has augmented worldwide trade, investments, technology transfer, and communication as well the competition and dependencies between nations. The growth of liberalization in telecommunications and Internet has accentuated these effects creating a truly global village. The observable heterogeneity of the global growth process led to a large body of empirical and theoretical research with the main conclusion that the hypothesis of absolute convergence formerly predicted by growth economists does not hold. That is, not all countries do automatically converge to the same steady state position. As a result, depending on a number of factors, countries would tend to cluster on certain "conditional convergent equilibria". These will depend on essentially the investment rate, human capital endowment, the R&D intensity and integration into world markets. Further, empirical results strongly support the hypothesis that only countries with sufficient abilities to innovate or acquire new technologies are able to converge in terms of their productivity levels and income. Keywords: Globalization, Economic Growth, Innovation Globalization (Cheal, 1997) defines economic globalization as, A process of increasing economic integration between two countries, bringing about the emergence of a global marketplace, or a single world market (p 647). Despite the fact that globalization has been in the making for the past couple of decades. Ever since...
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...Journal of World Business 37 (2002) 69±80 Eastern European cluster: tradition and transition     Gyula Bakacsi, Takacs Sandor, Karacsonyi Andras, Imrek Viktor1 Budapest University of Economic Sciences and Public Administration, 1093 Budapest, Hungary Abstract The eastern European cluster consists of Albania, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Poland, Russia, and Slovenia. It has a population of 232 million and a gross domestic product (GDP) of U.S.$772 billion. The cluster's distinctive cultural practices are high power distance and high family and group collectivism. The region is facing signi®cant challenges during its period of transition from communist philosophy to market-based economies. The participating managers value a much greater degree of future and performance orientation, but are strongly attached to their cultural heritage of deep family and group cohesion. They are also highly value charismatic and team-oriented leadership. The challenges and complexities facing the region are explored in the paper. # 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc. 1. Introduction This article provides an in-depth look at the eastern European culture. This region is understudied due to its socialist past and was not (with the exception of Greece and Yugoslavia), included in Hofstede's seminal work (1980) or basic reviewing and synthesizing study of Ronen & Shenkar, 1985 comparative study of 25 countries. Over the past few years, a few writers have examined cultural and...
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...Social Movements in India: Meaning, Features and Other Details! A social movement is a mass movement and a collective attempt of people to bring about a change, or to resist any change. The concept central to any social movement is that people intervene in the process of social change, rather than remaining mere spectators or passive participants in the ebb and flow of life. People seek to become proactive actors in altering the course of history. In order to achieve their aim of making a difference to the world they live in, they either initiate or become a part of collective action. Individuals consciously act together with a sense of engagement in a common enterprise. Social movements possess a considerable measure of internal order and purposeful orientation. It is, in fact, this organization that strengthens the movement to challenge the established institutions. A social movement can be described more or less as a persis¬tent and organized effort on the part of a relatively large group of people to bring about or resist change. However, the number of persons participating is not the criteria for describing any movement as a collective action. The movement must have a leader to guide and execute the plan of action and possess the power to sustain the movement. Social movements, however, are different from pressure groups or institutional movements. Institutional movements are highly organized, permanent, and primarily occupation-based. Social movements are spontaneous...
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...have a limited supply of these fuels on the Earth. We’re using them much more rapidly than they are being created. Even- tually, they will run out. And because of safety concerns and waste disposal prob- lems, the United States will retire much of its nuclear capacity by 2020. In the mean- time, the nation’s energy needs are expected to grow by 33 percent during the next 20 years. Renewable energy can help fill the gap. Even if we had an unlimited supply of fos- sil fuels, using renewable energy is better for the environment. We often call renew- able energy technologies “clean” or “green” because they produce few if any pollutants. Burning fossil fuels, however, sends greenhouse gases into the atmos- phere, trapping the sun’s heat and con- tributing to global warming. Climate scientists generally agree that the Earth’s average temperature has risen in the past century. If this trend continues, sea levels will rise, and scientists predict that floods, heat waves, droughts, and other extreme weather conditions could occur more often. Other pollutants are released into the air, soil, and water when fossil fuels are burned. These pollutants take a dramatic toll on the environment—and on humans. Air pollution contributes to diseases like asthma. Acid rain from...
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...- Impact of Migration: Focus on Philippines I. Introduction Ia. Defining Migration a.1 Kinds of Migration a.2 Who are Migrants a.3 Factors of Migration a.4 Reasons for Migration II. Review of Related Literature III. History of Migration and its Policies III.a. Migration Policies - Critique III.b. Statistics b.1.Number of Migrants b.2.Main destinations b.3.Occupations b.4.Sex b.5.Remittances III.c. Case Study c.1. Flor Contemplacion c.2. Angelo Dela Cruz c.3. Rodelio “Dondon” Lanuza IV. Impact of Saudization to Filipino OFWs V. Impact of Migration V.a. Impact of Migration to the Sending State a.1 Positive effects a.2 Negative effects V.b. Impact of Migration to the Receiving State b.1. Positive effects b.2. Negative effects VI. Implication of the Effects to the Philippines (Actions made to combat negative migration effects) VII. Implications of Migration to the Youth - Youth Migration VIII. Migration and Filipino Family Life, Society and Culture VIII.a. Effects on the family of an OFW VIII.b. Migration and Filipino Society IX. Solving Migration Problems X. Conclusion I. Introduction What is migration? According...
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...1.0 Introduction Lately, there are a lot of immigrants or foreign labour force residing in many countries either legally or illegally. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) states that there are more than 200 million of migrants globally. The number of immigrants especially in developing countries and developed countries increase very rapidly. According to the United Nations, majority of the migrants are come from Asia. Malaysia has hosted more than one million of foreign immigrants, mostly from Indonesia, Bangladesh, Thailand, Myanmar and Philippines while Japan is home for immigrants from Vietnam, China and Myanmar. On the other hand, South Africa has many refugees and asylum seekers residing in it. The existence of immigrants would have played a vital role in the economy. They have contributed quite a large portion to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). We are now going to analyze on the economic condition of Japan which is a developed country, Malaysia as a developing country, and South Africa as an undeveloped country. Analysis on immigrants’ contribution on the economic condition will be done. 2.0 Japan 2.1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 2000 to 2008 Please refer to Attachment 1.0. It is a table of Gross Domestic Product of Japan since 2000 to 2008. The GDP of Japan shows increase since year 2000 to 2007. However, it suddenly declined 2.74% at year 2008. Reasons will be explained in detail in 2.4 Analysis on Data. 2.2 Number of Immigrants,...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON THE DEMOGRAPHIC, SOCIAL & CULTURAL CONTEXT OF BUSINESS Submitted To: Mr. Ruhual Amin Faculty Member, BRAC University Submitted By: Iffat Zarin Khan ID No: 15364042 MBA, BRAC University Subject Name: Business Environment Subject Code: BUS503 Date of Submission: 8-12-15 Review and Discussion Questions 1. What is meant by an “ageing population”? Examine some of the key ways in which an ageing population can affect the supply side of the economy? Answer: Population ageing is a phenomenon that occurs when the median age of a country or region rises due to rising life expectancy and/or declining fertility rates. Aging of population (also known as demographic aging, and population aging) is a summary term for shifts in the age distribution (i.e., age structure) of a population toward older ages. A direct consequence of the ongoing global fertility transition (decline) and of mortality decline at older ages, population aging is expected to be among the most prominent global demographic trends of the 21st century. Population aging is progressing rapidly in many industrialized countries, but those developing countries whose fertility declines...
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...PROJECT: THE TRIAL OF ANDREW JACKSON Adapted from a simulation by Eric Rothschild Andrew Jackson the seventh President of the United States under the Constitution, has been impeached in the House of Representatives (not really, this is fictional – JACKSON WAS NOT REALLY IMPEACHED). He will go on trial in the U.S. Senate on July 1, 1838. Here are the charges against Jackson: • Violating the rights of Native Americans, especially in his treatment of the Cherokee and Creek Indians • Stepping on state’s rights in his economic policy and his behavior in the nullification crisis • General bad character You will work in groups I assign for the trial. Here are the group assignments: 1. Prosecution Indictment #1 (arguing against Jackson) 2. Prosecution Indictment #2 (arguing against Jackson) 3. Defense Team Indictment #1(arguing for Jackson) 4. Defense Team Indictment #2(arguing for Jackson) 5. Andrew Jackson, witness for the defense Indictment #1: President Jackson violated states rights in his dealings with South Carolina in the nullification crisis. 6. Witness group: South Carolinian Nullifiers led by John C. Calhoun 7. Witness group: Opponents of Nullification Indictment #2: President Jackson violated laws, treaties, and court orders in his dealings with Native Americans. 8. Witness group Native Americans led by Osceola 9. Witness group: Supreme Court led by John Marshall Each group will be...
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...We have come a long way from the days of Feudalism where Lords were land (fief) owners and the vassals were the common folk who provided a service to the Lord for use of the land, whether it is to serve in the military or other forms as requested. This was the way of life in medieval times, up until the 15th century (Hirst, 2012). From here, the transition began from Feudalism to the early stage Capitalism, where the ordinary people broke away from the Feudal system and owned property and the means of production as well as the resources to make and maintain wealth (Dictionary.com, 2012). England in the 1800’s was hard in comparison to today. The life expectancy for a man aged 20 in 1850 was 60.1 years compared to 76.7 in 2004 (Geoff Canyon's Appeal to Authority, 2009). This was mainly due to the living conditions and especially those in the poor area of East London, where animals not only shared the often over crowed living area with humans but also the human waste that was thrown onto the streets. Often those who lived in the bottom apartments lived close to if not in the stench, more so than those who lived multiple stories above the streets. With the pollution of human waste in the streets and the polluted River Thames from the sewage of the West End, no matter where you lived in the East End, you still had to walk through the rising filth. These living conditions were the main reason for the various outbreaks of diseases, sores and premature deaths during the 1800’s...
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...Illegal Immigration COM 220 Illegal Immigration According to Penalver (2006), “ “During the half of The Nineteenth Century the government of the United States hoped to use its vast Western territories to pay the national debt by auctioning the lands to the highest bidders normally Northeastern settlers.” These settlers used to disappear for a while to proclaimed, trespassed the land to farm it illegally and take the soil back once the federal troops were gone until the situation became tiring and the soil was ultimately sold for ridiculous prices. Later, “on December 12, 1815, President James Madison issued a proclamation warning: uninformed or evil disposed persons, who have unlawfully taken possession of or made any settlement on the public lands forthwith to remove the reform" or face ejection by the army and criminal prosecution. But that didn't stop the settlers. In 1838, Henry Clay, expressing a widely shared sentiment, dismissed the squatters as a "lawless rabble." The 1862 Homestead Act granted free title to settlers who met the statute's five-year-residency and improvement requirements. In one of the great ironies of American history, the lawless squatters underwent a dramatic image makeover to become, in the gauzy romanticism of our collective memory, heroic settlers” Illegal immigration is an act that should be penalized by federal laws since every body should follow the standard regulations of the law. The ironic part here is that some of those people...
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...Abstract According to the Webster dictionary, migration is the movement of people from one country or locality to another. They are different types of migrations; some of which are Global migration, interregional migration and, intraregional migration. There is a significant diversity as it relates to the issues of migration in the United States. These issues vary from state to state. However International /global migration posed the most issues in this country. These issues have affected the United States for many years. James Rubenstein notes that “unrestricted immigration to the United States ended when congress passed the Quota Act in 1921 and the National Origins Act in 1924. However over the years different issues arose on this topic; some of which are job threatening, deportation, population overgrowth, devaluing of property, and increased crime rate. Legal as well as illegal immigrants encounter problems to some extent. The questions of who belongs? Who stays? And who goes? Are often widely debated topics by citizens of the United States? It has also been a focal topic in presidential debates. Others made reference to the DREAM Act by claiming that the political parties fail to address the heart of the immigration problem. Immigration has impacted the United States socially, economically, and politically. Like Global migration, interregional migration also creates issues, in the United States. Introduction The topic of immigration can be broken down into many different...
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...E SSAYS ON TWENTIETH-C ENTURY H ISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by ...
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...The Information Society, 16:5–21, 2000 Copyright ° c 2000 Taylor & Francis 0197-2243/00 $12.00 + .00 Re ning and Extending the Business Model With Information Technology: Dell Computer Corporation Kenneth L. Kraemer, Jason Dedrick, and Sandra Yamashiro Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations (CRITO), Graduate School of Management, and Department of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA Keywords The exceptional performance of Dell Computer in recent years illustratesan innovative response to a fundamental competitive factor in the personal computer industry—the value of time. This article shows how Dell’s strategies of direct sales and build-to-order production have proven successful in minimizing inventory and bringing new products to market quickly, enabling it to increase market share and achieve high returns on investment. The Dell case illustrates how one business model may have inherent advantages under particular market conditions, but it also shows the importance of execution in exploiting those advantages. In particular, Dell’s use of information technology (IT) has been vital to executing both elements of its business model—direct sales and build-to-order—and provides valuable insights into how IT can be applied to achieve speed and exibility in an industry in which time is critical. Many of the insights gained from this case can be applied more generally to other time-dependent industries...
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