...Vehicular Pollution and Environment Protection | Environment Law Research Paper | Research Methodology AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This research paper is an attempt to understand the pollution caused by the increasing vehicular traffic in India and its impact on the Environment around us. RESEARCH ISSUES: 1. Meaning and Kindsof Pollution 2. Vehicular Pollution and its effects on health and the environment 3. Technical Measure (like Emission Standards) and Non Technical Measures(like prevention of Fuel Adulteration) 4. Fuel Economy Standards and phasing out old Vehicles. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS: This research paper is limited in the sense that it tries to study the pollution caused to the environment by the vehicular traffic. Pollution is a broad and extensive topic but this topic tries to limit itself to such pollution caused by the environment and not all other kinds of pollution. METHOD OF WRITING: This paper has largely been written in an investigative and an analytical style. SOURCES OF DATA: The researcher has primarily referred to secondary sources such as books and articles while writing this research paper. MODE OF CITATION: A uniform mode of citation has been used throughout this research paper which is based loosely on the style prescribed in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation(Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. eds., 17th ed. 2000). Table of Contents Sr No | Topic | Page No | 1 | Introduction | 3,4 | 2 | Pollution | 4 | ...
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...Development vs. Environment Protection Whether international leadership and worldwide cooperation should place particular emphasis on protection of the environment is a controversial issue that has drawn considerable attention recently. According to Vishwa Mohan, there was a debate on the climate-damaging refrigerant gas, that whether the UNFCCC principles should apply for phasing out the HFC at Warsaw green meeting on Nov, 18, 2013. As a matter of fact, during the phase-out of CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) under the Montreal Protocol, manufacturers of equipment such as car air conditioners and kitchen refrigerators modified their product to use HFC instead. On the one hand, though HFC was not an ozone-depleting gas, the US and other developed countries contended that addressing HFC under the Montreal Protocol was for the common good. While on the other hand, India and many developing counties including Persian Gulf nations preferred to give priority to their domestic industries, which alternative technologies and low cost were taken into consideration. Admittedly, this controversial issue exhausts the practical applications of Utilitarianism to a certain extent. For Rachels’ perspective, “According to Classical Utilitarianism, an action is right if it produces the greatest overall balance of happiness over unhappiness.” (Rachels 110) As far as I am concerned, I tend to believe that emphasis on the overwhelming importance of phasing out HFC for the purpose of protecting environment does not...
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...Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the natural environment and humans. Due to the pressures of population and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that causeenvironmental degradation. Since the 1960s, activity of environmental movements has created awareness of the various environmental issues. There is no agreement on the extent of the environmental impact of human activity, and protection measures are occasionally criticized. Academic institutions now offer courses, such as environmental studies, environmental management and environmental engineering, that teach the history and methods of environment protection. Protection of the environment is needed due to various human activities. Waste production, air pollution, and loss of biodiversity (resulting from the introduction of invasive species and species extinction) are some of the issues related to environmental protection. Environmental protection is influenced by three interwoven factors: environmental legislation, ethics and education. Each of these factors plays its part in influencing national-level environmental decisions and personal-level environmental values and behaviors. For environmental protection to become a reality, it is important for societies to develop each...
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...Introduction 2.0 Organizational Culture of Sustainable Tourism 3.0 Government's Policies in Sustainable Tourism Management 4.0 Characteristics and Diversities in Sustainable Tourism 5.0 Tourist Behaviors in Sustainable Tourism 6.0 The Relationship between Sustainable Tourism and Environment Protection 7.0 Conclusion 8.0 Bibliography 1.0 Introduction Today, as the world economy，science and technology and cultural developing aggressively , the increase of personal income and free time, Labor and Leisure has become two important aspects of an integral human social life. Today, leisure sports and tourism is the world's most widely used recreational activities. Leisure sports, people enjoy the beauty and movement created by a pleasant activity in order to express themselves to the outside world. Homer and Swatchbrooke (1996) defined tourism as tourism refers to people temporarily leave permanent residence elsewhere in recreational activities. Tourism is part of the tertiary industry. Tourism enterprise is the core of the development of tourism. Hotels, travel agencies and various conservation parks and other tourism enterprises in the economic environment will inevitably encounter a variety of problems, even crisis that threats their own survival. Comprehend from organizational behavior science crisis is our research focus and...
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...share in manufacturing. However, neglecting of protecting the environment while developing manufacturing has already resulted in lots of problems, such as the PM2.5 problem in many major cities, as well as the extreme lack of clean drinking water. On the other hand, concerns over global environmental issues, such as global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, deforestation, loss of biodiversity, trans-boundary movement of acid rain, and hazardous waste, etc., are mounting worldwide. About 25 years ago, a law named Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, which set out basic principles and directions for formulating environmental policies, was enacted on December 26, 1989. This Law was formulated for the purpose of protecting and improving people's environment and the ecological environment, preventing and controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human health and facilitating the development of socialist modernization. The law has stated that The state shall encourage the development of education in the science of environmental protection, strengthen the study and development of the science and technology of environmental protection, raise the scientific and technological level of environmental protection and popularize scientific knowledge of environmental protection. It also emphasized that all units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges against...
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...Environment and Economy Arthur Hu ESLI Environment and Economy The environment and the economy are essential parts of daily life. The environment provides a substantial foundation of resources and space to live for human beings; the economy promotes social development and improves the quality of life for people. Thus, human beings make garbage and give it back to the environment; the economy brings a number of severe environmental problems. As a result, most people are debating the relationship between environmental protection and economic development. Guo and Ma (2008) believe economic development and environmental protection contradict each other because economic development is accompanied by environmental deterioration (p.95). However, Metzler, Lecbner, and Hays (2002) contend that economic development and environmental protection can coexist because of the first ecological industry in America (p. 20). In this essay, I will first introduce sustainable development to show the relationship between environmental protection and economic development. Then, I will argue that environmental protection and economic development through sustainable development are not mutually exclusive and provide some solutions in the three aspects of poverty, industrialization, and agriculture. In order to combine environmental protection with economic development, the concept of sustainable development was presented. According to the World Commission on Environment...
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...THE NEED OF SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AS A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE ABSTRACT Environmental protection is a recent concept, developed in the international or regional human right protection systems or mechanisms. In those early days, especially when modern human rights protection mechanisms such as UDHR, ICCPR, IESCR and other human rights instruments adopted, the concern given to environmental protection was not that much significant . The only few provisions in these instruments recognizes some rights like the right to healthy and favorable condition of work, the right to get adequate food, clothing and shelter and the like. It was during in 1992, earth summit, that the relationship between human rights and sustainable environment is addressed. The need for the protection of environment becomes a necessity. In fact environment is a totality of human life; it means that it is sources of food, clothing, and shelter. The denial of environmental protection could bring about the denial of some fundamental rights such as the right to health, life, food and so on. It is true that, environment should be properly managed in order to make it favorable to human life. However; the effort to protect the environment faces different challenges like the issue of locus-standi, justifiability, conflict between developmental efforts and environmental protection, burden of proof, lack of cooperation among states...
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...ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION "Plans to protect air and water, wilderness and wildlife are in fact plans to protect man." Environmental protection means that to protect this world from those hazards which are fatal for all living things. These hazards are mainly related to the ever increasing level of pollution on earth. They posit danger for us and for our coming generations as well. There is dire need to protect human, wild life and aquatic life. Apart from this all, there is need to protect natural resources. Countless factors are responsible for leading to such a situation. “What's the use of a fine house if you haven't got a tolerable planet to put it on?” Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the natural environment and humans. Due to the pressures of population and technology, the biophysical environment is being degraded, sometimes permanently. This has been recognized, and governments have begun placing restraints on activities that cause environmental degradation. Academic institutions now offer courses, such as environmental studies, environmental management and environmental engineering, that teach the history and methods of environment protection. Protection of the environment is needed due to various human activities. Waste production, air pollution, and loss of biodiversity (resulting from the introduction of invasive species and species...
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...priced clothing and home fashions. The company is canvassing for store protection specialists to provide a visible presence at the stores entrance and exits. The position will mitigate theft and fraud while maintaining a safe and secure environment for sales personnel and customers. How and when would you determine the need to create a job position? Ross stores are opening up several new stores and will need store protection specialists. The new stores will open in an open mall type environment that will require store protection. Management will work on internal workforce if needed and a job design will be completed. A job analysis will also be created for store protection positions immediately so that training can be conducted prior to store opening. What strategy would use to outline the positions details? Strategic workforce planning will be used to outline the needed positions. It will determine how many employees the organization will need to fill the needed positions. The internal workforce could be also used if needed. What would the duties be? The duties of store protection specialist will be to maintain a safe and secure environment for customers and store associates. Duties will also include monitoring entrances and exits for suspicious behavior. They will be responsible for greeting customers as they enter the store and be available to answer customer questions if necessary. Store protection specialists will wear a company vest with lettering on the front and...
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...protect the environment they have known for ages. Governments, on the other hand, protect these natural settings by formulating laws and policies that ensure the society does not lose its treasures[1]. However, some seek to use the protected spaces as a means of developing projects that will provide the state or nation with more resources, revenues and products. These may be good developmental projects, but they ought to protect the environment first before they can sell such ideas to a conservative society. As in all other nations, Australia has also been engulfed in a fight to save the environment as the government looks at creating developmental projects that will necessary block any advantages that the local community has enjoyed since time immemorial[2]. By seeking to repeal at least 60% of protection that the New South Wales Far North Coast’s forests, wetlands and wildlife habitant, the government is slowly seeking to destroy the local community. Conservatives will agree that the best way of protecting the environment is by setting aside a portion of some indigenous scenery and protect it from encroachment[3]. However, encroachment is still a biting problem and the recent statements by the authorities only heighten the environmental issues at hand. Legal processes and issues have arisen with groups seeking to go to court to block the said expansions by the local authorities. The report herein will look at aspects of the law that will help protect the environment from the said...
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.....................................3 natural resources and the environment IV. Integrated development planning ................................................................... and implementation V. Prevention and control of Pollution ................................................................. and environmental degradation VI.Proactive approach to regional .......................................................................... and global environmental issues VII. Conclusion ........................................................................................................ VIII. Reference ........................................................................................................ Introduction The rapid development of economy, high depleted, high pollution mode of economic growth,to make the country's environment problem increasingly prominent. However, many of the countries in the implementation of green strategy to make the country's economic sustainable development. this report through discussed to Green strategies based on environmental policy in Malaysia how can improve environmental quality. And from the education and awareness, the effective management of natural resources and environment,comprehensive development planning and implementation, prevention and control of environment pollution and degradation, and global environment issues have been summarized. ...
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...The Coordination of Legal Systems in Environmental Protection Introduction The objective of this paper is to examine the issues involved while protecting the environment and coordinate with the Australian legal system to devise an action plan for civil law. Factors that control the right usage of environment are a legal requirement in many countries. Australia is not an exception to this mainly because of the availability of abundant natural resources present in the country. This calls for biodiversity legislations and laws to avoid abuse of natural resources. Since, environmental protection plays an important role in many fields there is increased control and authority from different players that often leads to disputes. Policy-makers and lawyers have often overlooked the representation of systems used in legitimate regulatory behavior in the context of environmental protection. Environmental regulations are based on certain models that are perceived and created to aide policy-makers. These models help legal professionals and policy-makers to understand technical aspects and adverse impact on the environment for correctly framing laws and in decision making. Role of Environmental Models in Policies and Regulations Environmental models play an increasing role in decision making. They act as a catalyst for policy making and also for devising regulatory strategies. Models are required to be understood for policy makers and lawyers because of their focus in dispute resolution...
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...legal considerations such as discrimination in the workplace. You also study regulatory compliance issues for an organization, as well as the associated business consequences. The readings focus on workers’ compensation, occupational safety, and other worker protection laws, with a specific attention to the Family and Medical Leave Act. This week also covers the collective bargaining agreements and labor law, as well as several laws and decisions a company must make regarding these labor law issues. In addition, you examine equal opportunity in employment and Title VII, including what comprises this significant law. You review regulatory laws, environmental protection and global warning, as well as antitrust laws and unfair trade practices. The readings focus on introductory concepts and the laws that support these concepts. Employment and Regulatory Risk OBJECTIVE: Differentiate between types of employment relationships and the associated legal considerations. Resources: Ch. 31 & 32 of Business Law: Legal Environment, Online Commerce, Business Ethics, and International Issues Content • Ch. 31: Employment, Worker Protection, and Immigration Laws o Introduction to Employment, Worker Protection, and Immigration Laws o Worker’s Compensation • Case 31.1 Workers’ Compensation: Medrano v. Marshall Electrical Contracting Inc. o Occupational Safety • Ethics Spotlight: Company Violates OSHA’s Safety Rule o Fair...
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...MARINE ENVIRONMENT LAWS IN MALAYSIA DEVELOPMENT AND COMPLIANCE Outline of Presentation • Introduction • Objectives of Study • Methodology • Development of Marine Environment Laws in Malaysia • Compliance with Marine Environment Laws in Malaysia • Conclusions Introduction – Environmental Law • Body of international convention, domestic statutes • • • or laws, state or provincial ordinances and local government bylaws that govern human activities which impact the environment. Established to: - avoid tragedy of the commons - eliminate free riders in environmental protection and control of pollution And in response to: - the growing development of environmental ethics - the changing requirement of international law Tool for implementing policies Objectives of Study • Examine marine environment laws in Malaysia in terms of its development and its coverage; • Assess the level of compliance with marine environment laws in Malaysia and what it means in terms of environmental management; and • Identify means to promote compliance with environmental laws. Research Questions • How has marine environmental law in Malaysia changed over the years? • Are our laws adequate in dealing with marine environment issues? • What is the level of compliance with our marine environment laws? • Can the compliance level be improved? • What are the factors which drive environmental law development in Malaysia? Methodology •...
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...Laws and regulations issued by the government aim to create safer and better environment for work to employees, and on the other hand, if those regulations applied carefully in organizations, I believe it will insure safer and less risk environment to employers too. In my country Egypt, there are 29 Article in labour law that regulates Vocational Safety And Ensuring Labour Environment security ( 2003 ). Below I will high light on some of them Article (208) in Labour law says “The establishment and its branches shall provide the means of vocational safety and health and ensuring labor environment security in places of work by which to ensure protection from physical and risks resulting in particular from the following A ) severity and intensity of heat and chilliness; B ) noise and vibration C ) lighting; D ) Harmful and dangerous radiations ; E ) Atmospheric pressure changes ; F ) static and dynamic electricity ; and G ) Explosion risks. “ (Labour Law, Law No. 12 Of The Year 2003 P.88) This article was the first article in ensuring labour environment security part in Egyptian labor law. The importance of this article is that it illustrate the responsibilities and duties of the organization with all its branches to provide all the needed security tools to protect the employees and to ensure safe work environment, with details of the types of hazards that might occur in work environment. Later on in the law of labor, the Legislator made different articles to specifically...
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