...The text is a pamphlet from “Lesbianism and Feminism” written by the US radical feminist author Anne Koedt, a New-York city-based woman of Danish nationality, in 1971 when she was 30 years old. Anne Koedt was first an active figure in the Group NYRW: “New York Radical Women” which was an early second-wave feminism (1967-1969), along with Robin Morgan and then, in 1969, she co-founded of the Group NYRF: “New York Radical Feminists,” with Shulamith Firestone, another great figure of the dynamism of feminist ideas at that time. That group was to be one of first “consciousness-raising”; that notion would be the starting point for existing Liberalism to establish the foundations of Radicalism, and Anne Koedt would be a famous protagonist in it. At the same time, Ti-Grace Atkinson created the radical group: “The Feminists,” in 1969, after she left the liberal group “National Organization for Women (NOW),” passing from Liberalism to Reformism. A link remains, but the main contradiction is that Liberal Feminism tends towards an...
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...The revolutionary movement at its core was about American colonist breaking away from the British Empire. Some actions of Britain pushed America over the edge, such as the taxing. The political corruption of England was not the only reason but it also influenced the revolution by causing the Americans to want to take control of their very own lives. The fact that they were forced to listen to a king who was 3,000 miles away was hard for them. The colonists wanted the power in the people, “We the people”, not the king. They realized that they would be better alone than being "mothered" aka controlled by England. The American Revolution was an actual radical overturning of government and society! We would have never established our own constitution, we wouldn’t have a presidential leader, governmental checks and balances or anything like the government that we have today, if the patriots did not fight for it. The revolution made America into the country we see today because our founding fathers made a foundation and spoke freedom into the world. Without the declaration of independence, America would not have established a unity between colonist. Without the radicalism, the colonist would have still been tied to England, allowing the king monarchy to reign over them, and they still would’ve been slaves to the crown....
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...final reason to justify the expansion was the 1890s farm and labor radicalism. In Hawaii, the sugar prices were expensive and Queen Liliuokalani was challenging white planters. The US got involved in order to protect the American planters; in turn they got involved in Hawaii. These four reasons were used to justify American...
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...Native Americans (Read this for quiz 1) “ The First Americans” (Not a link…go to the assigned website) European Society (Read this for quiz 1) Colonial Era/Exploration and Discovery The Significance of 1492 European Commercial and Financial Expansion Slavery and Spanish Colonization The Meaning of America The Black Legend Colonial Era/17th Century (Read below for quiz 1) European Colonization North of Mexico Spanish Colonization English Settlement Colonial Era/17 century (Read below for quiz 2) English Colonization Begins Life in Early Virginia Slavery Takes Root in Colonial Virginia Founding New England The Puritans The Puritan Idea of the Covenant Regional Contrasts Dimensions of Change in Colonial New England The Salem Witch Scare Slavery in the Colonial North Struggles for Power in Colonial America Diversity in Colonial America The Middle Colonies: New York Fear of Slave Revolts The Middle Colonies: William Penn’s Holy Commonwealth The Southernmost Colonies: The Carolinas and Georgia Colonial Administration (Read below for quiz 2) No readings th Road to Revolution (Read for quiz 3) Colonial America/18th Century The The The The The The Emergence of New Ideas about Personal Liberties and Constitutional Rights Great Awakening Seven Years’ War Rise of Antislavery Sentiment Fate of Native Americans Road to Revolution American Revolution (Read for quiz 3) Entire Chapter on American Revolution Introduction Why should we care about the American Revolution? Why did the American Revolution...
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...Review up till now WW1 Economic downturn Fear of radicalism Immigrants might be the problem… Let’s go back to the good ole days… Q: Are the old days really better? The Jazz Age (1920s) The Long Nineteenth Century Historians always ignore what everyone else is doing 1789 to 1918-???? Industrial Revolution French Revolution Victorian Ideas and Imperialism Bigger push for imperialism Ends in 1918- why? WW1 is over, Russian Revolution taking place What replaces it? “The Modern Age” parallels “Return to Normalcy” what does that mean? Science better at understanding the world than religion Individuals have the right to choose their own lifestyles Women control their minds and bodies More rights for minorities? Reactions? The New Traditionalists God trumps science Bible is the ONLY source of morality Women are subservient to men Immigrants are subservient to white Anglo-Saxon men 1920s The New Era The Roaring Twenties Rise of automobile, gangsters, rise of the radio & other gadgets and appliances The Jazz Age Clash of old & new values The Economy after the war… Switch from war to peace initially difficult Gets re-cranked up by 1922-1923 United states’ industry still intact after war, unlike Europe Becomes world’s top producer of consumer products Middle class expands greatly What about the lower classes? Same problems as before Too much prosperity for middle class to care!!! Rise of consumer spending on new fangled items...
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...THE CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS AND RADICALISM Dr. M. LAL GOEL Also known as Dr. Madan Lal Goel University of West Florida lgoel@uwf.edu Abstract. The notion of a clash of civilizations has gained notoriety since the terrorist attack on WTC on 9/11/2001. Professor Samuel P. Huntington has popularized the view that the coming global conflict will be among major civilizations, not among different political ideologies. He identifies eight major civilizations: the Western (Europe and North America), Slavic (Russia and Eastern Europe), Islamic, Confucian, Hindu, Japanese, Latin American, and the African. Of particular focus in the present paper is the threat to civilization from radical Islam. Three factors that foment radicalism are described: the Islamic theology of exclusiveness, the nostalgic memory of a Muslim empire that lasted nearly 1,000 years, and the consequences of oil boom in the Middle East. Population estimates for different civilizations are provided at the end. Introduction The theory of a clash of civilizations has been with us for some time. British historian Arnold Toynbee used the term in a series of lectures he delivered in 1953. The Middle East specialist Bernard Lewis wrote in 1990 that the Muslim rage against the West is “no less than a clash of civilizations” (Lewis, 1990, p 60). Samuel P. Huntington, a Harvard University political science professor, has given new currency to the notion of a clash of civilizations. His 1993 article in Foreign...
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...The women’s rights movement was a huge turning point for women because they had succeeded in the altering of their status as a group and changing their lives of countless men and women. Gender, Ideology, and Historical Change: Explaining the Women’s Movement was a great chapter because it explained and analyzed the change and causes of the women’s movement. Elaine Tyler May’s essay, Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism and Women’s Liberation and Sixties Radicalism by Alice Echols both gave important but different opinions and ideas about the women’s movement. Also, the primary sources reflect a number of economic, cultural, political, and demographic influences on the women’s movement. This chapter really explains how the Cold War ideologies, other protests and the free speech movements occurring during this time helped spark the rise or the women’s right’s movements. In Cold War Ideology and the Rise of Feminism by Elaine Tyler May, May examines the impact of political changes on American families, specifically the relationship of a Cold War ideology and the ideal of domesticity in the 1960s. May believed that with security as the common thread, the Cold War ideology and the domestic revival reinforced each other. Personal adaption, rather than political resistance, characterized the era. However, postwar domesticity never fully delivered on its promises because the baby-boom children who grew up in suburban homes abandoned the containment ethos when...
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...circumstances could you become conservative yourself? Before I start talking about Edmund Burke and how I see the Conservatism and my point of view about it, I first have to say what actually Conservatism is. It is impossible to compare Conservatism with liberalism, socialism or communism and the reason for that is very simple. Conservatism is something completely different. The ideas of it and the way it “sees the word” has nothing to do with these of the other political philosophies. Even the origins of Conservatism are unique compared to these of the rest because unlike them Conservatism does not arise from philosophical foundation. We can describe it as a response, as a way to see the radical changes in the society and the total revolution like something that must never happen. Conservatism is a way of thinking. It shows us that it is impossible for us , the human beings, to be perfect if we achieve more or a complete freedom. According to that way of thinking people are full of weaknesses because they are a product of the Original Sin. Unlike socialists and liberals, conservatives believe that people are corruptible, selfish and weak and that’s why they must not believe in the infallibility of their thoughts. If they do that it would be impossible to have a normal life because people will hate each other and do everything possible to harm each other in one way or another. In order to prevent that conservatives believe that people must live in limitations. According...
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...2013 Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, it was also a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education and the natural sciences. Its effect on politics was considerable and complex; while for much of the peak Romantic period it was associated with liberalism and radicalism, in the long term its effect on the growth of nationalism was probably more significant. Romanticism era is the revolution of writers, painters, and dancers. The well-know writer in romanticism era is Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. His first novel, The Sorrows of Young Werther (1774), about a young, sensitive artist, was popular throughout Europe. Goethe also used myth and local folklore as subjects for his poetry, inspiring a sense of German nationalism in the decades before a unified Germany. The American and French Revolutions in the late 18th century added to the popularity of such Romantic ideals as freedom, liberty and national pride. Ballet began to lose steam after the death of Louis the XIV, despite a slight boom in participation and popularity in Eastern Europe...
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...This article is about a U.S. Presidential proclamation concerning the Philippines. For 1982 book, see Benevolent Assimilation (book). The term Benevolent Assimilation refers to a policy of the United States towards the Philippines as described in a proclamation by U.S. President William McKinley issued on December 21, 1898. The proclamation was issued after Spain was defeated in the Spanish–American War but before fighting began in the Philippine–American War. Prior to the proclamation, the United States had defeated Spain during the naval Battle of Manila Bay on May 1, 1898. Subsequently on June 12, 1898, Emilio Aguinaldo declared the Philippines independent and established a revolutionary government whose the Filipino revolutionary armed forces surrounded Manila and the occupying American Army. This created a stand-off between opposing armies that would erupt in fighting in early 1899. The proclamation reads in part: Finally, it should be the earnest wish and paramount aim of the military administration to win the confidence, respect, and affection of the inhabitants of the Philippines by assuring them in every possible way that full measure of individual rights and liberties which is the heritage of free peoples, and by proving to them that the mission of the United States is one of benevolent assimilation substituting the mild sway of justice and right for arbitrary rule.[1] The proclamation was sent to General Elwell Otis, U.S. military commander and Governor-General...
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...During this period, rock music had transitioned beyond just being a popular culture. Sinclair was the manager of MC5, the popular political rockers from Detroit. The group had a lot of influence on the counterculture of the 1960s. Sinclair attempted to merge music and politics because of the great influence that artists, as well as music records, had on the society. To a greater extent, he succeeded in this quest more than most of his counterparts. The article examines various ways in which rock and roll was used as a cultural revolution weapon. Young people also took the lead in the 1960s counterculture as a result of the influence of rock and roll and several famous artists at the time. The 1960s saw The Beatles take the music scene by storm. Their music appealed to many young people. Rock and Roll proved to be a great weapon of cultural revolution as many people were able to identify with the messages put across by the artists in their music. The artists decide to awaken the society to the ills going on in the world. Through music, they showed the younger generation that if anyone wants to realize any real change in the world, the journey must start with the individual. Simply standing by and hoping that things would change was not an option. It would mean that the young people have left their fate to be decided by the older generation. Rock and Roll, therefore, played a pivotal role in getting the younger generation involved...
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...The Ku Klux Klan, which is often referred to and abbreviated as “KKK,” originated in the South during the 1860’s. It later died out in 1870, and was re-established in in the early 1900’s. “A new version of the Ku Klux Klan arose during the early 1920s. Throughout this time period, immigration, fear of radicalism, and a revolution in morals and manners fanned anxiety in large parts of the country. Roman Catholics, Jews, African Americans, and foreigners were only the most obvious targets of the Klan's fear mongering. Bootleggers and divorcees were also targets (Digital History).” At first the main objective of white supremacy organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan, the White Brotherhood, the Men of Justice, the Constitutional Union Guards and the Knights of the White Camelia was to stop black people from voting. After white governments had been established in the South the Ku Klux Klan continued to undermine the power of blacks. Successful black businessmen were attacked and any attempt to form black protection groups such as trade unions was quickly dealt with. In 1920, two Atlanta publicists, Edward Clarke, a former Atlanta journalist, and Bessie Tyler, a former madam, took over an organization that had formed to promote World War I fund drives. At that time, the organization had 3,000 members. In three years they built it into the Southern Publicity Association, a national organization with three million members. With the growth of the organization, they were able to control...
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...There were several causes and effects of the upheavals and new ideologies that occurred after the French Revolution and during the Industrial Revolution. In 1815, the Congress of Vienna met and set up a system of checking other nations in order to prevent one nation from holding too much European power as France had under Napoleon. These checks on nations led to relative peace. Checks that were placed on France led to increased Belgian and Dutch territory as well as small Prussian territorial gains. In order to create a balance of power, the Congress of Vienna also increased Austrian and Russian territory. When Napoleon escaped from Elba, he returned to France to briefly rule again. His defeat at Waterloo led to the European Congress...
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...The French Revolution By Rhiannon Collins When starting this paper the question that was kept in mind was the French Revolution worth the price that was paid and was the revolution a success. My first answer was no due to the amount of violence and the amount of lives lost, also due to the fact that the monarchy in some sense, had been reestablished through Napoleon. Though there was tens of thousands of lives lost the French Revolution played an important role in history. Jeff Goodwin, a professor of sociology at New York University, defines revolution as," any and all instances in which a state or political regime is overthrown and thereby transformed by a popular movement in an irregular extra constitutional and/or violent fashion". The sheer violence of the revolution was something that stood out to me. The French Revolutionary war was certainly violent, especially compared to our own American Revolution in 1775. It is quite possible that the French were encouraged by the American Revolution. They saw the colonies join together in revolt against an overseas king, so why could they not revolt in their own country, against their own monarch for their own rights. In the time leading up to the French Revolution, France was wealthy and extremely powerful. Through my perspective there were a few causes of the historic event of the French Revolution. Let us take a look at some of them. One causes I believe is the rise of the cost of food prior to the revolution. Right before...
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...Common Sense Written by Thomas Paine By: Alexis Quirarte 4 April 2013 Professor Billingsley History 16: History of The U.S. to 1877 Common sense was an extremely popular pamphlet written during the American Revolutionary War. The author of this great, and historical piece of work was a man known by the name of Thomas Paine. This historical piece of work when it was first released sold more than 120,000 copies in its first year. The pamphlet was released on anonymity due to the origin of its contents. In the pamphlet Pain was the voice of the American people that were concerned about the English radicalism. At the start, Paine explains that in the essay to come he is offering the reader nothing but, “simple facts, plain arguments,” and of course, “common sense” (27-30). He says he asks the reader for nothing more than to read on without prejudice and let their feelings decide for themselves; however, calmly Paine approaches the beginning of his work, though, later he will certainly show himself to be quite passionate. Paine begins his argument with more general, theoretical reflections about government and religion, and then progresses into the specifics of the Colonial situation. It is also extremely important to realize that throughout his pamphlet, Common Sense, Thomas Paine argues two main points: the first being independence from England and the second being the creation of a democratic republic. Paine uses an enthymeme by stating that “in absolute governments...
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