...The Right to Choose We live in a country where we are privileged with many rights. We have the freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, the right to vote, the right to a trial, and many more. However, one of our rights is the subject of much controversy and debate. This basic right was made legal in 1973, during the famous case of Roe v Wade, in which the Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional to deny a women an abortion. It was this case that finally gave women the right to safely terminate an unwanted pregnancy. This debate had been ongoing for much of the century, and even though the outcome of this case gave the matter an answer, the dispute was far from over. The argument of pro-life or pro-choice rages on today as one of the biggest justice debates. The decision of the case should remain intact because of unforeseen circumstances such as rape, an unplanned pregnancy, or medical complications. Without the option of a legal abortion from a doctor, women could become desperate and turn to extremes. On the other hand, the opposing pro-life group believes that abortion should not be allowed for religious reasons and because it ends an innocent life. However, above all I firmly believe that abortion is a highly personal and difficult decision, not a political debate or issue that needs resolution. There are many reasons to uphold the law of abortion, and one of the most essentials reasons is rape. Where is the justice in making a victim of rape raise the child of the rapist...
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...The Right to Choose “I should be able to talk with my doctor and plan this, not ask my mom. Mom, what if you go to prison? What will happen to you?” Hopefully not many people will ever have to face the decision of whether to choose life or death for their own child but unfortunately it is happening everywhere. The dialogue above was that of a young girl who was dying of bone cancer. She reported to her mother she was; “tired of suffering”. The mother of this child made a monumental choice to assist her daughter with medication that would end her life, simply because no doctor around would grant her daughter the assisted suicide medications. The ethical controversy being dealt with all around the nation is that of whether assisted suicide, by means of the DIGNITY ACT, shall be legal or not. The DIGNITY ACT is now effective in Oregon, Vermont, Montana, and Washington. The act consists of a competent terminally ill person, who is under the care of a physician, to allow the use of prescription medication that will control the time and manner of death. There are more strict guidelines that have to be followed in order to carry out the DIGNITY ACT. One of the dueling sides claims that it is perfectly legal, if all the guidelines are met and the terminally ill person is competent enough to give the rights to end their lives using prescription medication. On the flip side of that, it is said that the DIGNITY ACT is against religion and personal morals, and it decreases the ill...
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...reasons of mercy. Euthanasia or “mercy killing” as they more commonly call it is a highly debated topic that has many aspects. Financial, moral, social, and most important, legal concerns are raised whenever euthanasia is brought up. The controversy surrounding euthanasia can only be resolved when the procedure is legalized with mandatory, regulatory guidelines put in place to enable both physicians and individuals to decide the best course of action for themselves without fear. An individual’s view of euthanasia is influenced by religious and personal beliefs, current law, and medical assistance. The moral debate involves religion and other societal beliefs. Everyone has their own morals and values, which is their God-given, constitutional right. In America, our society’s morals are based in part on religious beliefs. Most religions, especially Christian religions, feel that taking life is wrong and against God’s commandments. The Catholic Church feels strongly about euthanasia and encourages both the Catholic congregation and United States politicians to maintain the illegal status of euthanasia (Christian Medical Fellowship). Various religions impose their beliefs and morals on the individual causing more confusion. In Euthanasia: The Battle for Life, Dr. Raymond Bohlin discusses what the Bible says about life, suffering, and death, quoting scripture that reflects Christian beliefs that God has created man, numbered his days, and that taking a life breaks God’s commandments. He...
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...Running head: PATIENT’S RIGHT A Patient's Right to Choose Abstract The U. S. Food and Drug Administration must expand access to experimental, unapproved drugs to include terminally-ill patients who have exhausted all conventional treatment methods and choose to accept the risks. Terminally-ill patients deserve the right to choose and have access to potentially life-saving drugs as the potential benefit of life justifies the potential risks when imminent death is their only alternative. After extensive testing many of these drugs go on to be approved, but this process can take years and often terminally-ill patients die long before FDA approval. By allowing dying patients the choice of participation in clinical trials, not only could life be spared, but the possible proven efficacy of these drugs could be of benefit to all humanity. A Patient's Right to Choose It is the constitutional right of the citizens of the United States of America to make an informed decision as to whether or not to use potentially life-saving drugs to prolong life when terminally ill. Federal regulations and restrictions must be lifted to accommodate access to this fundamental right. When faced with a terminal illness and all conventional treatment methods have failed, it should be the patient's choice as to whether or not unapproved, experimental drugs are used, as the potential benefit of life justifies the potential risks when imminent death is the alternative with no other options. Drug...
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...Our Right to Choose Michael S. Mays Sr. ITT-Tech The topic of legalizing marijuana has become a very hot topic here in the Unites States of America. With sixteen states having medical marijuana laws already in place and seventeen states with pending legalization legislation (http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=002481); many communities are split on the issue due to misinformation and stigmas. Even though marijuana is stigmatized as a gateway drug that leads children to harder drugs, marijuana should be legalized for medicinal use because it is incredibly expensive to keep marijuana illegal and adults deserve freedom to use marijuana as medicine without having to deal with the criminal element or fear of being unjustly prosecuted. The gateway effect states that marijuana acts as a stepping stone, or a gateway, that leads people to harder drugs. They support their argument with statistics that show that most people who use hard drugs have tried marijuana before (http://www.mjlegal.org/gateway.html). What though is the gateway theory? Is it based on facts brought to light by years of scientific study? No, in fact the gateway theory does not explain anything at all. It is simply an observation that has been vague at best and dispersed by media outlets and the governing body. It is true that many people that use hard drugs such as heroin, cocaine, or LSD did in fact use marijuana before they tried the harder drugs. The true reason for this is marijuana...
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...Assisted Suicide – The Right to Choose Shannon Laing ENG-220 Carrington Assisted Suicide – The Right to Choose The right to choose whether to live or die is one that we all take for granted. This is a choice, that until we are faced with a grim reality, most people do not even think about. However, most people are not aware that where you live may dictate whether you even have a choice in the matter. Currently, there are three states which give you the right to choose, to live or die, in the face of a terminal illness. There are multiple terms to describe assisted suicide, depending upon what your opinion on this sensitive matter are. Whether we as people, or patients, as it would be, have the right to choose, depends invariably on where we reside, the legal judgements and the physicians viewpoint, and how we perceive this ethical decision. The three states that currently have the Death with Dignity Act in place are Washington, Oregon, and Vermont. Some people, including several national professional organizations within these states, object to the term suicide, stating that this implies some degree or type of mental illness. The term that these national organizations have adopted to use for assisted suicide is, patient directed dying or physician aid-in-dying. The reason that these organizations had to adopt a specific term is because some outdated terminology has taken on a social definition or a particular stance on this emotional and complex...
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...The Right to Choose Your Fate Physician assisted suicide, also referred to as (PAS), according to medicine.net is the “the practice of providing a competent patient with a prescription for medication for the patient to use with the primary intention of ending his or her own life.” This controversial topic challenges America to question the ethical, religious, and cultural values and beliefs that have been around for centuries. Many argue that it is not up to the patient to choose how or when they die while others argue that, in fact, it could prevent years of pain and suffering. It may be easy to hear the definition of physician assisted suicide and assume it is not morally acceptable, however, there are several educated arguments defending a patients right to choose. According to Dr. Quill, in most surveys, approximately two-thirds of the United States approves of (PAS) as as option for the terminally ill yet when the time comes to legalize (PAS), the vote splits at 50/50. The controversy of (PAS) erupted in 1990 when Dr. Jack Kevorkian, a pathologist, assisted his first patient into death (Landau 80). His first client was Janet Adkins who was a sufferer of Alzheimers. Kevorkian reported the death to police but no prosecution followed (BBC News). Before the story of his assisted suicides hit national news, these issues were not a topic of public discussion. According to the judge that sentenced Kevorkian to twenty five years behind bars, “He brought to the forefront end-of-life...
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...RIGHT TO CHOOSE Should The Elderly have the Right To Choose When It Comes to Cancer? When a person with cancer is getting treatment the person’s age and general health play a big role in the care that a person will receive . The goal is to cure the cancer or control the disease. Many children of the adult parent play a big part of making decisions on their parents behalf, Never to stop and think what he/she wants . Due to the age factors of these adults some may not want any treatment, there are many risks that come with these treatments. Why it is so vital that geriatric patients has to have this treatment at all if they are in the early 80’s late 90’s ? Most treatment plans involve surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. This is when other health issues become a factor. Not every cancer response to these treatments will be a success story . Cancer treatments damage healthy cells and tissues a lot of side affects can occur. We all know that decisions have lasting effects on a person’s life in this case on the future of the individual . Independence and competency are factors as well in the decision process, when a person is capable of this action it is not up to the physician or family to force unwanted treatment on the individual. It is also very important that they fully aware of what they are doing. As someone who cares and support the patient some would ask why would they make this decision. Even though the answer may be hard to hear...
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...ETHICS FOR HOLISTIC PRACTICE Debate topic – Couples wishing to undergo IVF treatment should be awarded the legal right to choose the sex of their child. Good afternoon everyone our debate topic today is whether or not couples wishing to undergo IVF treatment should be awarded the legal right to choose the sex of their child. I’m Melinda and along with Angelique and Melissa we will be presenting the affirmative argument and the negative argument will be presented by Kristen, Judy and Deb. Sex selection, also known as gender selection, has attracted great interest and controversy over the years. Gender selection has been associated with a number of ethical, moral, social and legal issues. Sex selection may be performed for medical reasons to avoid sex-linked diseases or for parental preference. The topics I will be covering include eugenics, beneficence, utilitarianism and pre-genetic screening in regards to sex linked diseases. Eugenics can be defined as the study or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species. In the context of IVF treatment positive eugenics encourages reproduction by implantation of healthy embryos with inheritable desirable traits and negative eugenics seeks to identify and dispose of embryos found to carry undesirable inheritable traits. Utilitarianism in the context of IVF sex selection and genetic screening is defined by the principle of utility which seeks to judge moral rules, actions and behaviours on the basis...
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...the Human Rights Act 1998 has impacted upon many areas of tort law. Choose one of these areas and assess the Act’s impact. Traditionally, up to the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) for the Convention and the all the individuals living in the United Kingdom had no domestic law.This resulted them to go to the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg in order for them to correct the breach of their Convention rights. Thus the domestic law needs to respect the settlement that has been made by the European Court. Surprisingly, the relationship between the Human Right issues and within Tort Liabilities, there is no exact proof that the domestic court has carried out these issues. In the case Reynolds v Times Newspaper Ltd [1999], the plaintiff, a well known public figure in Ireland, began for deformation against the Defendant. This was surrounded with the issue regarding an article being published by the Sunday Times. The article was based on Mr Reynolds that he had hidden important information about his colleague, Mr Whelenhan’s in order for him to become president of the High Court. The main issue that needs to be considered in this case, is whether the courts should identify if it is countable of holding the announcement by a newspaper of political matters. The House of Lords identified that the media’s announcement can be safe by these situation, providing a test of public right. This considers the freedom of expression under the Article 10. In 2002, the Human Rights Act came...
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...Waterfall vs. RAD: Comments 0 Facebook 2 Linkedin Twitter More The waterfall and rapid application development (RAD) processes are not the only two methodologies available, but they generally predominate among methods used to deliver projects. Each has its individual merits, but sometimes one method is more appropriate for a particular project than the other. In this column, I will look at when to select each of these approaches. As I mentioned in prior columns, I believe most, if not all projects, can be delivered with the waterfall methodology: plan, analyze, design, construct, and implement. In contrast, not all projects are candidates for RAD. Perhaps the best starting point is to take a look at some project characteristics that govern which method is best. Details on waterfall and RAD methodologies To find out more about the methodologies, read these articles: •"Examining the life cycle of a RAD project" •"How does the waterfall development methodology play in the enterprise?" How big is the project? One of the basic tenets of RAD is focusing on smaller projects that can be launched quickly and concluded with tangible deliveries. However, not all projects can be broken down into smaller pieces because they are too complex and interrelated to be split up effectively. There is no rule of thumb to determine how small a project needs to be before it is a candidate...
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...SPSS Guide Crosstabs Analyze Descriptive Statistics Crosstabs Choose the a nominal variable from the left and move it to the “Row(s)” box on the right Choose another nominal variable from the left and move it to the “Columns(s)” box on the right Click on the “Statistics” button and check the “Chi-square” box Click on the “Cells” button and check the “Observed”, “Expected” and “Adjusted standardized” boxes Click “OK” Output: Check to see that no more than 20% of cells have an expected count of less than 5. Then check that the Pearson Chi-Square is significant. Lastly look at the “Adjusted Residual” to see if it is greater than 1.96 or less than -1.96. One-Sample T-test Analyze Compare Means One-Sample T-test Choose the scale (interval or ratio) variable on the left to be tested and move it to the right window In the “Test Value” box enter the value you to which you want to compare the mean Click “OK” Output: SPSS gives you a 2-tailed significance value. For a one tailed test you double the significance value. Independent Samples T-test Analyze Compare Means Independent Samples T-test Choose the scale (interval or ratio) variable(s) on the left to be tested and move it to the upper “Test Variable(s)” right window Choose the nominal variable on the left and move it to the “Grouping Variable” box at the bottom right. Click on the “Define Groups” button to tell SPSS which groups to compare. Click “OK” Output: You must examine the Levene’s test to determine...
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...first for the glorification of God in order to satisfy this will. Usually, I associate this with the freedom or the free will of human to choose on what they want to do. I believe that God gave human the knowledge to know what is wrong or what is right so we can exercise this free will. But when He gave us the free will to choose, He expects us to choose what is right. That’s why will is the eternal happiness with God. Sometimes people choose to do bad things. They think that because they have the power to choose then they can do whatever they want. But they don’t know that in doing so, a certain punishment will be given to them. And if they choose to do the right thing, they will be rewarded. At first, I thought that this doesn’t make any sense to me. Why would God give us the chance to choose on what to do but will punish us if we did not choose to do His will? That’s not free will right? When our parents lets us choose which college we would want to go to, now that’s free will. But what God gave us is the chance to choose what is right despite of all the tempting things that surround us in this world. He did not give us the right to do whatever we want but He gave us the chance to do what is right and pure in His sight. We can choose to help our neighbor mourning over their loss. We can help ease other people’s lives. We can choose to be a blessing to...
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...|SAP BW 7.0 | | |September 2010 | | |EnglishEnglish | | | |B91: CRM Service Analysis | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ...
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...Definitions and illustrations of the concepts of Pareo and Nash equilibria. PARETO OPTIMUM/EQUILIBIRUM/EFFICIENT The idea of pareto optimum runs through all aspects of economics, for example, comparing different tax rules, and not just in game theory. It gained currency as a test to be applied in selecting economic policy as a result of a contradiction in the theory of the market deriving from the philosophy of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism could be construed as a justification for the oppression of the individual in the name of the greater good of society. This approach sits uncomfortably with the libertarian ideals of market economics, which put the individual above church and the (feudal) state, and by implication above the monarch in direct challenge to feudal rule. (see, eg, http://www.google.co.uk/#hl=en&source=hp&biw=1126&bih=425&q=Shanti+Chakravarty+neoliberal&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=Shanti+Chakravarty+neoliberal&fp=45f26fda8f9185dd). To get around the difficulty posed by classical utilitarianism, market efficiency theorems came to rely on the idea of ordinal utility which does not allow for inter-personal comparison of utility. The paretian criterion explicitly rejects inter-personal comparison in arriving at economic policy. The paretian criterion is focused entirely on the individual. A pareto optimum is a state of affairs whereby NO ONE, no individual, can be made better off without making someone worse off. Since no one is above anyone in the...
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