...others have taken in the past. He is then replaced by another, returning to his friends, each regretting nothing. These despicable men are well aware that this woman is being trafficked, yet none bat an eye. No one cares to hear stories of a hopeful girl promised a favorable career, but tricked into sexual servitude instead. Or perhaps of a woman threatened by her pimp everyday to continue exploiting herself. Even those of a young female sold into this life are dismissed. Human trafficking, though worse in Cambodia, is still deeply embedded in every country’s economic, social, and illegal lifestyle. Although some see it as an everyday norm that is chosen, it is in fact, the complicated factors of the situation itself that either imposes young women and children to commit these acts of desperation, or forcibly exploit them to it. The act of smuggling people...
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...Chapter 1, Sexual Violence as a Tool of Genocide, discusses the history of and gives us an introduction to genocide. The author talks about the treatment of bodies, in particular Native bodies, and how colonial thought and theory regards Native people as inherently “rapable” and “violable,” a colonial conviction that stretches past the physical bodies of Natives, to Native independence and lands as well. She explains that patriarchy is the foundation by which power is established over Native women's bodies because hierarchal, patriarchal authority and control systems of society are seldom found within native societies. Europeans, on the other hand, have long depended on these methods to suppress and infuse fear into their people. Sexual violence, consequently, serves the colonizer as one way of assimilating Native women into Western society, which, therefore, increases Native vulnerability to gender violence. Sexual violence exists to such a degree, according to Smith, that the "phenomenon indicates the extent to which our communities have internalized self-hatred". Chapter 2, Boarding School Abuses and the Case for Reparations, give some examples for the above mentioned violence. Boarding school systems in the United States are described as a tool for genocide and rape/sexual dominance. This chapter focuses, as well, on the reparations for such wrongs, encompassed by her communication of "abuses from a reparations framework" that is essential for coalition-building...
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...Globalization & Women Komal (4789) Ruchi (4875) Lavanya (4642) WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION? It is the process of creating languages, services, and products that apply not just to an individual neighbourhood or city or country, but to the whole world. While one interpretation of globalization has to do with equal exchange and sharing of goods and services between countries and cultures, the reality of a globalized world is much different. Globalization is a phenomenon that crosses and erases geographical and political borders and makes all countries start to look the same. As a result of globalization, local products, services, and cultures disappear into a global culture, a culture defined not by the global citizenry but rather the world's economic and political superpowers - mostly North America-owned corporations. How does economic globalization work? Economic globalization is fueled by international trade agreements signed between nations. The goal of these agreements is to get rid of barriers to trade by allowing companies to move their factories to countries with the lowest labour and environmental standards, countries where they can produce their products the cheapest...
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...browsing on the internet you cannot help but run across an image of angry women with picket signs automatically placing the group in a negative light. Feminism is more than picket signs, protests, and unshaven legs. Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women. This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and employment. Feminism is frown upon in today’s society but is still very relevant and important to many. The media and feminism have a love/hate relationship. In movies, books, and even cartoons feminist are portrayed as angry, unkempt, lesbian “man haters”. They are shown looking down on men and judging women for their attire or life choices. On rare occasions the media actually shines a positive light on feminism and its beliefs only when it can be beneficial to its rating or purpose. The feminist agenda is not about equal rights for women," said Pat Robertson, a television evangelist and former Baptist minister during his GOP convention speech in 1992. "It is about a socialist, anti-family political movement that encourages women to leave their husbands, kill their children, practice witchcraft, destroy capitalism, and become lesbians." Although most misinterpretations of feminism are not so radical, many have degraded feminists or might have discouraged women from joining the feminist movement. In 2004, the...
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... Throughout the course of history, women have faced opposition and lack of equality on a myriad of levels. Women have been forced to stay in the home, forbidden from voting affairs, and prevented from owning property. Men denied women many fundamental rights because they did not see them as equal members of society. Now, thanks to the efforts of the women of the First Wave of Feminism, women have the right to vote. Suffrage, although a huge step for women’s rights, is still only the beginning of the journey. The women of this new suffragist era knew that they had more to offer to society; thus began the struggle of exercising their right to vote, which is known as the Second Wave of Feminism. There were many challenges and obstacles that women had to overcome that defined the Second Wave. One of the largest challenges of all had to be the fact that after suffrage was granted, support dwindled quite a bit. Along with decreased numbers, the active supporters were divided on the matters of the best way to improve the quality of life for women. Many people were content because the majority of media, magazines and newspapers made it seem as though women’s equality had been achieved, but behind the scenes women were still boxed in when it came to the workplace, politics, and in social matters. At this time, the antifeminist movement started to rekindle with people “conjuring up images of fanatic women out to spoil men’s fun. When the depression of...
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...so common in the contemporary society. They have yielded success, but only to some extent. However, the challenge of gender bias is still prominent in the society. Our ancestors perceived women as men's helpers. In today's society, women have made a significant breakthrough and have managed to compete in the so-called male-dominated fields. Women have a significant role in the entertainment industry. Females such as Beyonce, Rihanna and Nicki Minaj are very influential in this industry. Women still remain vulnerable...
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...March 17, 2007 Comm 201 Contemporary Issues Paper Women of Color and Reproductive Rights If it were up to me, I would describe a contemporary issue as a problem that has the potential to affect a vast majority of people throughout the same period of time. Being a young Black woman in the beginning stages of a new century and era, I have found that it is extremely important that I know everything that has to do with my health and my reproductive rights. As a little girl growing up, I can remember that I always had a fear of doctors; I always associated doctors with shots and needles. As I became older, my mother taught me that it was my responsibility to know all there was to know about my body and how make sure I stayed healthy. When I reached a certain age, my mother told me that it was time for me to make an appointment with a gynecologist and have my first pap smear. In the beginning, I was absolutely mortified at the thought of being invaded at such a personal level. When I explained my fears and apprehension to my mother, she explained that it was my responsibility to do any and everything in my power to make sure I was healthy, even if it meant being uncomfortable for a few minutes. She finally suggested that I do a little research to learn why I needed to go through such a procedure. When I learned of the benefits, I realized that I was gaining a sense of duty for myself in knowing the details of my reproductive health. I later realized that because I...
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...occurred from it. One of the most serious problems is associated with the prostitution is the fact that the sex trade is surrounded by illegal, abusive and dangerous activities. One view maintains that such situations occur because prostitution is kept illegal and the industry operates on the back market. Besides these prostitutes are also sufferings in society. They have no status. Even their client also hates them. Prostitution: The word “prostitute” or more frequently “whore” is used as an insult towards a person (typically a women or girl) who is perceived as being sexually promiscuous (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prostitute). Prostitution is the act or practice of providing sexual service to another person in return for payment. People who execute such activities are called Prostitutes. According to Anthony Giddens, Prostitution can be defined as the granting of sexual favors for monetary gain. A key aspect of modern prostitution is that women and their clients are generally unknown to one another. Although men may become regular customers, the relationship is not established on the basis of personal acquaintance. Prostitution is one of the branches of sex industry. The legal status of prostitution varies from country to...
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...According to the survey of UNICEF, about 30 million[1] women aged 15-49 in Egypt has gone under female genital mutilation (FGM) also known as female circumcision. During the 1970s in Egypt, the Arab society was patriarchal, even though till the end of 70s women did not cover themselves with a scarf or a veil. But women were treated as slaves, according to Nawal el Saadawi’ as a child firdaus suffered a lot, she saw the power of man over woman and woman’s sacrifice throughout her life. Therefore, through Nawal el Saadawi’s use of imagery in her book ‘woman at point zero’ reveals the patriarchal society and an Arabic woman’s life experience during 1970s in Egypt. Saadawi describes FGM in ‘Woman at Point Zero’ through imagery. FGM is a process...
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...Institution: Date of Submission: Introduction Feminism is the belief that men and women are of equal worth and should be treated equally despite the gender. Feminism has evolved from the years. The current generation, Generation Y has a different perspective of females than the former generations. There have been three major waves of feminism evolution. The first wave was in the 1800s, women were not allowed to vote or participate in any public or political opinions. During this time, women demanded their right to vote. The second wave of feminism developed in the 1960s where females of certain marginalized groups (working class women, blacks and prisoners) felt they weren't being treated equally and fairly like men and upper-class women. The civil rights activist fought very much for their rights during this time. However, not a lot resulted during this wave which led to the third wave of feminism evolution. The third wave developed to improve the second wave short comings. This is the new generation of feminists who know their rights and what gender equality is. Society generally favored men hence the need for social movements towards females rights to be heard. Feminism and Criminology Feminist criminology evolved during the time women were being judged on their gender rather than the type they committed. Gender inequality is basically due to men trying to control women and their sexuality. Feminists insist that sexism is the most common form of human oppression...
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...created by middle-class white women for middle-class white women, and they would be correct. Many feminists only believe in equal rights for middle-class...
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...Intimate partner abuse, as known as (IPV), is a problem amongst America that affects millions. The term intimate partner violence, describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse. The abuse can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples and does not necessary include sexual intimacy (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). There are many issues associated with intimate partner abuse and changes have occurred in recent times. The criminal justice system has made changes accordingly to protect the victim and ensure safety from the abuser. Elder abuse occurs to those who are older, vulnerable, frail, and cannot help themselves. Elder abusers can be men, women, family, or caretakers with no extent of harm they cause on the elder. Abuse is a problem that is present in today’s society among all race, genders, and ethnic groups. Special populations experience different types of victimization in society as well. The problem of abuse effects all individuals and many factors play a role in the abusers intent to harm. Intimate partner abuse is defined as any intentional act or series of acts that cause injury to the partner. The acts may consist of physical, emotional, or sexual (Wallace & Robinson, 2011). Intimate partner abuse occurs among all socioeconomic, religious, and cultural groups. Intimate partner violence is just as the term “family” it is ever-changing and dynamics differ. The issues associated with intimate partner...
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...is viewed today in society. Lastly, I’d like to explain my point of view and how I came to it. Affirmative Action refers to policies that take factors including race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or national origin into consideration in order to benefit an underrepresented group in areas of employment, education, and business usually justified as countering the effects of a history of discrimination. Affirmative action is intended to promote equal opportunity. It is often instituted in government and educational settings to ensure that minority groups within a society are included in all programs. The justification for affirmative action is that it helps to compensate for past discrimination, persecution or exploitation by the ruling class of a culture, and to address existing discrimination. The term "affirmative action" was first used in the United States. It first appeared in Executive Order 10925, which was signed by President John F. Kennedy on March 6, 1961, and it required government contractors to "not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin" as well as to "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin". In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 which required federal contractors to take "Affirmative Action" to hire...
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...three brothers. She had a difficult childhood as her father was very violent and used to beat up the children while her mother remained distant and aloof. She had a loving relationship only with her elder half-sister Helena. She was a bold and rebellious youngster who tried her best to fight against violent authorities including her father and unscrupulous teachers. Her father stopped her from going to school when she was a teenager and she took to independent education. She also began working in order to help her poverty stricken family. Emma Goldman is one of the few who, while thoroughly preserving their individuality, have become an important factor in the social and intellectual atmosphere of America. The life she leads is rich in color, full of change and variety. She has risen to the topmost heights, and she has also tasted the bitter dregs of life. The struggle of generations now took place in the Goldman family. The parents could not comprehend what interest their daughter could find in the new ideas, which they themselves considered fantastic utopias. They strove to persuade the young girl out of these chimeras, and daily repetition of soul-racking disputes was the result. Only in...
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...were written by Fredrick Douglass, Harriet Jacobs, and Henry “Box” Brown, who escaped from slavery by being enclosed in a box three feet long and two feet wide. Harriet Jacobs’ narrative has been studied by scholars over the many years since its publication and has been criticized for its apparently deliberate omission of any sexual abuse that Harriet Jacobs herself had likely endured. There are many instances from historical documents that explain─in detail─the horrific atmosphere of the United States during slavery, as well as the mindset of most white slave owners during the 17th and 18th centuries. Many texts describe the sexual abuse of female slaves by their white masters as well as the resulting pregnancies that inevitably occurred. In other texts, there have been documented cases of sodomy by white male slave masters to their black male slaves. In addition to the sexual abuse of slaves, they had to endure other forms of physical torture by their masters, and these incidences were mostly kept quiet by the majority of society. Sexual abuse inflicted on African American slaves was widespread and yet went mostly ignored by the general public. The sexual abuse of slaves was an unspoken institution within the...
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