...GRADUATE PROGRAM IN COUNSELING MINISTRY SCHOOL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AT CALIFORNIA BAPTIST UNIVERSITY CBS510 – LAW AND ETHICS FOR CHURCH BASED COUNSELORS GUIDED STUDY, SUMMER, 2016 Aine Bergin, Psy.D. An examination and explanation of current laws and ethical issues affecting Pastoral Counselors and Church Based Counseling applications. WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS POLICY * All written assignments must conform to APA style and standards, and it will be necessary for the student to purchase the most current edition of The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. INCOMPLETE GRADE POLICY * A petition for Incomplete Work is filed only in cases of extreme and unforeseen emergencies. * Approval for an Incomplete is gained by petition to the dean of the school/college in which the course is offered. * It is the responsibility of the student to initiate and complete the process for incomplete work prior to the end of the semesters. (See CBU Catalog for details.) GRADE CHANGES * Students who believe a grade has been recorded in error have the responsibility to initiate the grade change request with the instructor. * There is a 5-year limit on requests for grade changes based on computation and recording errors. (See CBU Catalog for details.) STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES * If you need special accommodations for a disability, you must register with Disabled Student Services to inquire about their services. Disabled Student Services...
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...Albert & Fred Nowadays, sexual harassment is very common in the places of work across the globe. The sexual harassment can be defined in the form of sexual assaults, sexually threatening behaviour, and sexual coercion etc. The sexual harassment can be occurring in many different ways and scenarios. Many philosophers have argued on the sexual harassment and there are several definitions of sexual harassment among those philosophers. On the other hand, there are many activities and behaviours which can be consider sexual in nature but it is not necessary that all the sexual behaviours count as sexual harassment. The assigned case of Albert and Fred will examine in the light of Edmund Wall’s sexual harassment definition. The sexual harassment theory of Edmund Wall illustrates that, this case is not sexual harassment because many aspects of his definition of sexual harassment are missing in the case study. In this paper it will be proving by the references that this case does not come in sexual harassment. Wall’s theory of sexual harassment argues that the sexual harassment occurs when the harasser does not attempt consent from his victim. Wall introduces some of the mandatory and sufficient conditions of sexual harassment, when the both conditions happen together then a situation changed to the sexual harassment. Wall considered X as the harasser and Y is the victim “Y does not consent to discuss with X, X’s or someone else’s purported sexual interest in Y” (Wall, p.143)....
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...Hate Crimes in American Society in the Twentieth and Twenty-first Centuries Sample Student Research Paper Project of Sociology Table of Contents I. Thesis Statement…………………………………………….………….....Page 4 II. Introduction and Summary………………………………….………….....Page 4 III. Literature Review………………………………………………………....Page 6 IV. Methods………………………………………………………….......….. Page 16 V. Socio-Historical Analysis………………………………………………. .Page 18 A. 20th Century 1. Lynching 2. Ku Klux Klan 3. Rodney King and the Los Angeles Riots 4. Matthew Shepard B. 21st Century 1. Post 9/11 2. Jena Six VI. Cause and Effect Analysis…………………………………………… ....Page 24 A. Causes 1. Prejudice a. Stereotypes b. Scapegoats c. Presence of Hate in American Culture d. Need for Status and Power 2. Reasons for Crime a. Sending a Message b. Thrill Seeking c. Defensive B. Effects 1. Psychological Trauma 2. Undo Social Progress 3. Community Unrest 4. Threat of Retaliation VII. Descriptive Analysis……………………………………………….........Page 30 A. Description of Victims 1. Bias against a Particular Race 2. Bias against a Particular Religion 3. Bias against a Particular Sexual Orientation 4. Bias against a Particular Ethnicity/National Origin 5. Bias against a Disability B. Description of Offenses and Offenders This must be your new section? VIII. Comparative Analysis…………………………………………………. Page 36 A. United States Justice Department Definition of Hate Crime B. International Justice...
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...POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Abstract This paper offers a clear understanding of posttraumatic stress disorder. Its signs, symptoms, treatment, and preventions. This disorder is commonly known to affect individuals who have been in wars and/or affected by a death of a beloved one. The disorder however varies from person to person in which each uses a different method of approach. It is believed Posttraumatic Disorder (PTSD) is mostly cured through therapeutic treatments, while many of these patients are on antipsychotic drugs which futermore produces unwanted side effects. Individuals with PTSD tend to have problems with transferring short-term to long-term memory. However, there is not a specific way patient memories are affected. PTSD affects more than 3 million people in the U.S alone. This paper will further analyze insights and reports from other experts on managing Posttraumatic stress disorder more proficiently. Introduction This topic center concerns mental and emotional problems people experience in the wake of 'trauma', where trauma is understood to refer to an event involving being a victim of or witness to atrocity, violence, true horror and/or the death of another or near death of one’s self. Examples might include rape, murder, torture, accidents, terrorism, etc. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) describes two trauma disorders: acute stress disorder, and...
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...Part One Introduction Chapter 2 Equal Opportunity and the Law Lecture Outline: Equal Opportunity Laws Enacted From 1964 - 1991 Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act Executive Orders Equal Pay Act of 1963 Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 Federal Agency Guidelines Early Court Decisions Regarding Equal Employment Opportunity The Laws Enacted from 1991 - Present The Civil Rights Act of 1991 The Americans with Disabilities Act Uniformed Service Employment and Reemployment Rights Act Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2008 State and Local EEO Laws Religious and Other Types of Discrimination Sexual Harassment Defenses against Discrimination Allegations The Central Role of Adverse Impact Bona Fide Occupational Qualification Business Necessity Recruitment Word of Mouth Misleading Information Help Wanted Ads Selection Standards Educational Requirements Tests Preference to Relatives Height, Weight, and Physical Characteristics Arrest Records Application Forms Discharge Due to Garnishment Sample Discriminatory Promotion, Transfer, & Layoff Practices Personal Appearance Regulations and Title VII The EEOC Enforcement Process Voluntary Mediation Mandatory Arbitration of Discrimination Claims Diversity Management Potential Threats to Diversity Some Diversity Benefits ...
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...AU/ACSC/0607C/97-03 UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY ON ORGANIZATIONS A Research Paper Presented To The Research Department Air Command and Staff College In Partial Fulfillment of the Graduation Requirements of ACSC by Maj Molly K. Moon March 1997 Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the author(s) and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US government or the Department of Defense. ii Contents Page DISCLAIMER ................................................................................................................ ii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.......................................................................................... iv PREFACE....................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... vi INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 FROM GRUDGING ACKNOWLEDGMENT TO MANAGING DIVERSITY .............. 3 IMPACT OF DIVERSITY ON INDIVIDUALS AND ORGANIZATIONS.................... 9 Diversity Climate Factors.......................................................................................... 12 Identity Structures................................................................................................ 12 Prejudice...
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...obligation to behave ethically, that is, doing what is morally right. Behaving ethically in the business environment is widely considered to be a good business practice. Werhane (2015) sums it when she says “being good is good business.” Ethics in business cover almost every aspect of business for example, in finances, in handling customers, in waste disposal and also in staff recruitment. This paper will discuss why discrimination in hiring, retaining and remunerating staff is unethical in business. Discrimination in the workplace was such a serious and frequent occurrence that the government developed the affirmative action policy. Affirmative action requires that business when hiring recognize the fact that all people to need be accorded equal and full consideration on the basis of their qualifications and merit. Affirmative action was created in order to promote the hiring of individuals in protected groups especially minorities and women (Rowland and Loury, 2010). The policy allows for active measures to be taken in order to avoid the non-discrimination of women and minorities in the work place. Rowland and Loury (2010) explain that affirmative action is the banning of discrimination against disadvantaged people. It requires that equal opportunities be provide to all people in terms of employment irregardless of their color, race, religion, national origin, sex and disability. Why did the government feel it was important to develop an affirmative action policy? For a start...
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...Cultural Diversity: Clients, Context, and Caring Health Promotion and Caring for Communities and Families ------------------------------------------------- Week 4: Friday October 11, 2013 Prologue Care is the essence of nursing. Care involves recognizing and transcending the barriers and challenges established by cultural differences. The nurse considers the common threads that are held by all, as well as the unique elements maintained by the client What is Culture? * Culture is a learned, patterned behavioural response acquired over time that includes implicit versus explicit beliefs, attitudes, values, customs, norms, taboos, arts, and life ways accepted by a community of individuals. Culture is primarily learned and transmitted in the family and other social organizations, is shared by the majority of the group, includes an individualized worldview, guides decision making, and facilitates self worth and self-esteem * “The learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms and lifeways of a particular culture that guides thinking, decisions and actions in patterned ways and often intergenerationally” (Leininger, 2006 as cited in Stamler& Yiu, 2012, p. 125) * Culture is more than beliefs, practices, and values (Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada, 2009) * Culture is learned, shared, and changes. It also encompasses all aspects of our lives. What we have learned to value represents our assumptions about how to perceive, think, and...
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...organizations: Where are we now and where are we going? Lynn M. Shore ⁎, Beth G. Chung-Herrera, Michelle A. Dean, Karen Holcombe Ehrhart, Don I. Jung, Amy E. Randel, Gangaram Singh Institute for Inclusiveness and Diversity in Organizations, Department of Management, College of Business Administration, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Diversity Inclusiveness a b s t r a c t A great deal of research has focused on workforce diversity. Despite an increasing number of studies, few consistent conclusions have yet to be reached about the antecedents and outcomes of diversity. Likewise, research on different dimensions of diversity (e.g., age, race, gender, sexual orientation, disability, and culture) has mostly evolved independently. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine each of these dimensions of diversity to describe common themes across dimensions and to develop an integrative model of diversity. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. While the term “workforce diversity” is commonly used in scholarly articles as well as in the popular press, the focus and scope of the research is both varied and broad. Until recently, most studies have focused on a single dimension of diversity (e.g., age, sex, race) in a domestic, typically U.S. context. In a world of globalization populated by boundaryless and virtual organizations, it is time to revisit the old theories of diversity...
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...Standpoint Theory in a Modern Context: Addressing Concerns of Marginalized Society Lindsey Petersen Arizona State University Standpoint Theory in a Modern Context: Addressing Concerns of Marginalized Society Within the last year, much publicity has been dominated by stories and uprisings from police in connection with the loss of African-American lives. The reactions to these situations vastly differ from the perspective of a young-black male in a low-income community to that of a white, well privileged, police officer. Although African-American males (or any group sharing distinct commonalities) might share experiences and perspectives in regards to ethnicity and gender, they are not solely defined by such categories. To expand further, we can analyze the differing viewpoints of those in privilege in America, to the viewpoints of the marginalized groups to gain better insight into our society. The Standpoint communication theory aims to allow us a point of view through which an individual can see and...
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...ignore advertisements and attempt to remain unaffected, butadvertisements both reflect and shape society norms. Compare to when society was more restricted by conservative regulations, such as Hayes Law, increasing numbers of advertisements in western culture allow queer people to represent in ways that are inclusive and respectful. Many companies have chosen to target on homosexual people who comprised a large potential market. Companies provide positive queer images in exchange for queer people’s good will and support. An example is Expedia’s Find Your Understanding, an ad released on Oct 2nd, has gained more than 2.2 million views. It is a moving tale told by Artie Goldstein, a retired business owner who described his emotion and reaction while traveling to his daughter’s, Vickie’s marriage with another woman. “That startled me. I told her, this is not the dream I have for my daughter,” said Artie when his daughter first asked his permission for marrying another woman. His arrival at his daughter’s wedding and witnessing how happy his daughter is were the turning points. “ You come to terms with it and say this is the nature order of things in your life, and it is supposed to be this way,” he said. His apprehension turned into true acceptance. I decided to pick this video as my analysis not only because it has wide audience and releases in the recent period, but also because this touching story is told from the third-person perspective, the father. Through analyzing...
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...Running head: Psychoanalytic Therapy Psychoanalytic Therapy Helping Relationships Abstract This paper is an illustration of the psychoanalytic therapy and how therapists utilize in during counseling sessions. It will discuss the ego that balances the id and superego, the right from wrong, in people’s personality. This explanation is divided into four concepts the philosophical, development, structural, and process elements. Philosophical Element Psychoanalytic therapy was developed by Sigmund Freud and he believed humans have a basic desire to avoid pain and increase pleasure in their lives (Bryan, 2007, p. 283). According to Gerald Corey, Freud also believed that human behavior is driven by irrational forces, unconscious motivations, and biological and instinctual drives (2005, p. 56). This theory insists that people strive to reach the most pleasure in life and try to avoid situations/behaviors that remind of them of pain. People will use defense mechanisms as a counterattack causing a person to suppress a traumatic event in their lives; however this could cause problems in their future if something happens that makes the experience to resurface. The two instincts that are pivotal to this theory are life and death. Life (sexual) instincts are the survival tactics people use to gain growth, development, and creativity (Corey, 2005, p. 56). On the other hand, the death instinct is a...
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...(Arditti, 2015). This paper will discuss societal issues which are impacting families of today, the risk factors which affect the alternative family, resiliency within the individual unit as well as the family unit, the resilience theory in relation to the alternative family, and interventions to support the individual as well as the family. Alternative Family & Risks within the Family Everyone in the United States should attempt to create a harmonious and stable White, heterosexual, middle class family with one husband, one wife, 2.5 kids,...
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...despite the ever longing battles between what is right and wrong. Digging deeper into the accusation of one’s upbringing in the most simplest terms is that the interactions with parents, friends, and teachers all play a major part in assembling your foundational beliefs. For example, a boy grown up in South Dakota in a conservative christian household will have different views from girl living in New York raised by a single liberal mother who has has no intention of sending her child to church. As stereotypical as it may sound, the observation being made here is that two people born and raised on different sides of the spectrum hold beliefs that are usually unchangeable. The constant fight of clashing opinions could not be solved simply by paper and pen because it is deep within our roots of beliefs. In the article “Protecting Freedom of Expression on the Campus,” two students took a Confederate flag and hung it up at Harvard University for everyone to see and then soon after another student displayed a swastika to protest the flags that were hung because many people see the flags as a representation of slavery (Bok 75). This controversy that took place at Harvard University sparked a great deal of conversation and intense debates. These debates consisted of whether hate speech should be protected under the First Amendment right to freedom of speech. According to Bok, “To disapprove of a particular form of communication, however, is not enough to justify prohibiting it (76).” This...
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...Media Representation of crime William and Dickinson (1971) found British newspapers devote 30% of their space to crime Media gives a distorted image of crime, criminals and policing compared to official statistics. The media: Over representation of violent and sexual crime Ditton and Duffy (1983) found 46% of media reports were about sexual or violent crime, compared to the actual 3% of crime records for this kind of crime. Marsh found violent crimes were 36 times more likely to be recorded in newspapers than property crime- America Media portray criminals and victims as older and more middle class Felson (1998) calls this the ‘age fallacy’ Media exaggerate police success Partly due to media covering violent crime a lot, which has a higher clean up rate than property crime Media exaggerate risk of vctimisation Especially to women, white people and higher status people Crime is reported as a series of separate events Without examining underlying causes or structure The media overplay extraordinary crime Felson- ‘dramatic fallacy’ and ‘ingenuity fallacy’; media portray crime as hard to commit and you need intelligence to commit crime There is evidence to show that media coverage of crime in the media is changing. Schlesinger and Tumber (1994) found that in the 1960s the focus had been on murders and petty crime, but by 1990 murder and petty crime were of less crime to the media. Change had occurred due to the abolition of the death penalty, and rising crime rates...
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