...The “Attempt” by the Colonies for Freedom Do you think if the king would have accepted the Olive Branch Petition there would have been the Revolutionary War? I don’t. There were so many things the kings put on the colonists, such as taxes, acts, and different battles the colonies had to fight in. Furthermore, even if the king accepted the Olive-Branch Petition the war wouldn’t have been avoided. First, the Sugar-Act, Stamp-Act, Townshend-Act, Tea-Act (4). These taxes were imposed on the colonies. These taxes that the king put on the colonies really show the war would’ve have never been avoided. The Sugar-Act of 1764 lowered the tax on british sugar so the tax would stop smugglers. By doing this the colonies were almost forced to buy...
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...Prompt: Were the Founding Fathers (Sons of Liberty) patriots or traitors? Patriotism has always been a truly ambiguous term. The media portrays it with glory, while others describe it as “rebel” or “red-neck.” In addition, the fine line between patriot and traitor has always existed, as decisions and acts that have been made for the sake of so-called “patriotism” are called into question. The case of the Founding Fathers is also controversial. Before the Revolutionary War, the Sons of Liberty were still subjects of the English crown, and thus it can be argued that they were traitors. However, as history shows, the Founding Fathers were clearly patriots. Through their love of this country while trying to resolve issues without violence, their patriotism clearly defines this nation. In the aftermath of the French and Indian War, Britain was not only victorious, but also deep in debt. Taking advantage of the colonies, Britain attempted to raise revenues by taxing the colonists heavily. Taxation acts such as the Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and Intolerable Acts enraged the colonists. However, rather than acting in full violent revolt, the Sons of Liberty as well as other colonists tried to solve this problem through nonviolent means, such as boycotting British goods. In May 1773, the English Parliament passed the Tea Act which was unfavorable to the colonists. Instead of declaring war, the Bostonians boarded the ships carrying the tea and dumped them into the bay, instigating what...
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...the French and Indian War Resurgence of Imperialism 1. The Sugar Act (1764) stipulated that if Americans purchased non-English sugar (especially Dutch), you would have to pay an extra tax (resemblance to the Navigation Acts) 2. The Stamp Act (1765) an act that required you to place a stamp on any type you purchased paper, or fill out a form, marriage license, etc. you would have to purchase stamps psychological- visible reminder that they were colonists George Grenville- pushed for the Stamp Act Three Types of Responses to the Stamp Act 1. Emotional a. Sons of Liberty 2. Political (Constitutional) a. Stamp Act Congress (first unified Congress among colonists) 9 of 13 colonies meet in New York b. Virtual Representation c. Declaration of Rights and Grievances “virtual representation we do not accept” 3. Economic a. Non-importation movement (stop buying British goods) b. Daughters of Liberty (filling the gap of things that do not come in) Stamp Act Repealed (1766) Declaratory Act (1766) (passed on the same day as the Stamp Act Repeal) (Parliament has the right to “bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever”) Quartering Act (1765) required Americans to accommodate British troops, not necessarily in your home, but on your property and you must provide them with food if need be Townshend Acts (1767) Charles Townshend- head on the x-checker, pushed through Parliament Placed a built-in tax on basic goods, Benjamin Franklin advised him to, but that’s not...
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...protests. These intolerable/coercive pushed the colonists closer to war with Britain. The colonies came together, except for Georgia and created the first continental congress. The colonists goals were to reiterate the rights as englishmen, and to have non-importation/non-exportation acts. To be sure that these acts were enforced the sons of liberty took control of enforcing the laws. The English did not like what these acts did so they decided that they were going to ban trade with the colonies. New England was also upset and they made restraining acts. As a result of these many disagreements many different views became known. There were multiple sources of the revolutionary ideology from religious views to political views. Some of the religious views had to do with the things that were happening around everyone that were viewed as morally wrong. These views led to the ideas of the enlightenment. However the political side had more controversy. Hobbs thought that mankind was awful and that the government was protecting them from themselves, while Locke thought that all people should be given their natural rights that he viewed as life, liberty and property. He also thought there should be a social contract where people would have to give up some of their rights. With all of the new views on the religious and political philosophy this began the revolution. Many sides were taken before the first battle of Lexington and Concord on April 18, 1775. Many people know this battle as...
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...To illustrate, on March 5, 1770, a group of colonists and soldiers engaged in a dispute in Boston that began with the colonists throwing snowballs at the soldiers. Eventually, the soldiers opened fire into the crowd and killed and wounded several people. Only two of these soldiers were convicted for the crime. This generated a strong anti-British sentiment in the colonies and even inspired Paul Revere, a leader of the Boston sons of liberty, to make an engraving depicting the events of the Boston Massacre. Likewise, the Battle at Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775 fueled this animosity for Britain. In facts, several authors of the time cite this event as a reason to declare independence. In his pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine said “No man was a warmer wisher for [a peaceful settlement] than myself, before the fatal nineteenth of April, 1775, but the moment the event of that day was made known, I rejected the hardened, sullen-tempered [King of England] forever.” By sending troops to the American colonies, Britain incited conflict with the American...
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...ic 1763-1787 Following the Proclamation of 1763, American rage toward the British Empire began to aggravate, and one of its earlier manifestations, aside from liberal boycotts of British goods, was the development of committees of correspondence. Started by the outspoken Samuel Adams, leader of the Sons of Liberty, the Committees began in Boston in 1772 and spread to some eighty towns in the colonies. These committees developed into an inter-colonial committee, and allowed supporters of rebellion to plan their activities and communicate, and joined with the American press, the colonists could spread word about such slights as the ill-named and, to the colonists, horrifying, Boston Massacre which wasn’t a real massacre. For his part, Samuel...
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...The Townshend Acts and the Intolerable Acts pushed the colonists to resist British laws and demand independence from England. After the French and Indian War, the colonies were completely broke. In order to pay back their debts, Britain had no other choice but to tax the colonists. However, the colonists had no representation in Parliament, and this angered them. Colonists rebelled and boycotted several items to show England how upset they were. Colonial leaders sent the Olive Branch Petition shortly after the Intolerable Acts were passed attempting to compromise with the King of Britain. He did not even read the letter. Britain passed the Stamp Act in 1765, a tax on all legal documents. The taxes were placed on warrants, pleadings, newspapers,...
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...function for over 150 years and therefor resented the parliament for stepping in and managing affairs without any representation of the colonies. Accumulate power – insulted – stamp act – sons of liberty – tar and feathers- stamp act congress(new york) came up with no taxation without representations inspired from Daniel Delaney “considerations” - b. The colonists justified their rebellion against the government based on the philosophy of John Lock, in which he wrote that the creation of government was formed in order to protect the natural rights granted to each human of life, liberty, and property. He therefore claimed that if the government violates these rights, the citizens have the right to revolt and claim what is theirs. Well read – drew from John Lock – glorious revolution =parlemant exiles stuarts and invited new dynasty - c. The colonist feared the pressures of a free standing army present and the monarchal environment it would create. Delcloratory act – colonists heckles soldiers leading to boston massacre – first black marder – john adams defends and wins 2. Briefly discuss the significance of all of the following: the Tea Act, the Boston Tea Party, the Coercive Acts, The First Continental Congress. - Tea act not repealed – merchents no longer make money – sons of liberty responds with boston tea party THE TEA ACT The Tea Act was enacted by the parliament was a method of bailing out the East India Tea Company. However, the act not only forced the...
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...that developed between them endured until 1813 when they broke their long, bitter silence and began an extensive correspondence. John Adams administration was severely criticized. For passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts in 1798 restricting individual liberties. In 1800 John had lost his bid for reelection to Jefferson and retired to his farm in Quincy. He spent his days working on the farm and writing. John and Jefferson died within hours of each other on July 4, 1826. That was 50 years after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. John Adams was born on October 30, 1735. His das was his biggest inspiration back then. So he grown up, help others and also taught freedom. Abraham Lincoln was the first one he taught. He talked about freeing slaves and letting them be independent. Then as time passed all the slaves hade freedom. John Adams served as diplomat in Europe and he helped negotiate the treaty of Paris in 1778. You could call him the singer of the treaty of Paris. That ended the American revolutionary war in 1775. After he graduated school he became a lawyer and a statesman. He helped draft the declaration of independence. John Adams was married to Abigail in 1764 they had five children. The oldest son was John Quincy Adams who later became the sixth President of the United States. The other four kid’s names were in an age order. There’s Abigail, Susannah, Charles, and Thomas. Afterwards Susannah died during infancy. Charles died while his father was...
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...2. The enlightenment a. People can figure out human nature laws by using logic. 3. The Great Awakening a. renewed Christian faith b. both the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening emphasized individualism that inclined American colonists toward political independence. 4. John Locke a. He people were born with certain natural rights, the rights to liberty, life, and property. B. Causes of the American Revolution | Date | Definition | Effect on Colonists | What did the colonists do? | Stamp Act | 1765 | Stamp placed on printed material | It was a direct tax | Sons of liberty organized meetings and protests | Townshend Act | 1746 | Tax on imported items. ex. glass, paper, paint, and tea. | Tax on items | Boycott on British goods. | Intolerable Act | 1774 | Various acts the British govt. passed. ex. Tea Act, Quebec Act. | Freedom of land Effected merchants | Colonies decide to boycott British goods. | C. Leading to Revolution/ Declaring Independence 1. Olive Branch petition a. July 1775 Petition to King George to affirm loyalty to him and ask for a peaceful settlement . b. King George refused to accept the letter. 2. Common Sense, by Thomas Paine a. Published 1776, 47 page pamphlet, which made a case for independence, and that no one should be ruled by a king. 3. Declaration of Independence a. July 4, 1776, A letter declaring the 13 colonies Independence from the...
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...was one of the most disliked acts of time period because of the blatant oppression it allowed. Another act passed by the British Parliament was the Stamp Act which required most paper goods to have a stamp on it which had to be paid for. This affected most of the colonists due to its broad application. These acts enraged colonists and began the acts of resistance towards the British government that would later spark a revolution. Although colonists were upset in 1765 due to the large amount of new taxation, they were not close to a revolution just yet. Many colonists organized as groups to express the discontent with the new acts. Through these groups the House of Burgesses and Sons of Liberty were both born. While the House of Burgesses used legislation to express their unhappiness, the Sons of Liberty resorted to riots and harassment to get what they wanted. Tax collectors were harassed so much that by the time the Stamp Act went into place, there were not enough collectors to enforce it. Faced with all of these inconveniences, England repealed the Stamp Act in 1766. Although the Stamp Act was repealed, the Declaratory Act was passed the same year. This act stated the England had the power to make laws for the colonists no matter what. While this did not sit well in the colonies there was some new found hope for settlement when King George III appointed William Pitt as Minister to the colonies. Pitt was popular and well liked in the colonies. He also agreed with most ideals that...
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...identity English soldiers were inept at frontier fighting; initial respect for them was lost English disrupted the colonies’ illegal but necessary molasses trade with the French West Indies Writs of assistance (unspecific search warrants) and naval patrols Boston merchants hired James Otis to fight writs of assistance; he lost but revealed that writs of assistance were like slavery Why was revenue needed? o Management and defense of new global possessions o Payment of war debt o Expansion of colonial administration and defense British Politics Nearly every politician was a Whig: a name given to those who had opposed James II, led the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and secured Protestant succession o Champions of individual liberty and parliamentary supremacy o Whiggism drifted into complacency: dominant group of landowners became concerned with personal wealth George III wanted to limit Whigs so ousted William Pitt as prime minister and established “king’s friends” o Government became unstable. Ministries rose and fell usually because someone offended the king, etc. o Colonial policy remained marginal to the chief concerns of British politics. The result was inconsistency and vacillation followed by stubborn inflexibility. Western Lands Royal Proclamation of 1763: issued by king, drew an imaginary line along the crest of the Appalachians, beyond which settlers...
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...method of procuring money. 22. When and why does Britain’s policy of salutary neglect change in the colonies? At the end of the French and Indian war, Britain had massive amounts of debt. That was a good time to start ACTUALLY taxing America and enforcing rules. 23. Please find the following information about the Stamp Act: People/Agencies involved, events, resolution, & consequences of resolution -People involved: Colonists, lawyers, manufacturers, Prime Minister George Grenville, Sons of Liberty -Events: Boycott British goods, ‘No taxation without representation’, leaders of 9/13 colonies meet and decide to boycott British goods -Resolution: Repeal Stamp Act -Consequences of Resolution: Declaratory Act (Parliament can ‘bind colonies’ whenever they want) 24. Outline the main points of the Townshend Acts. Taxes on: lead, paper, paint, and tea Later repealed (except for tea) 25. How did women get involved in protests in the colonies? (look for examples throughout this chapter) Daughters of Liberty Made items to be used in place of British goods 26. Identify the Boston Massacre (Who? What? Where? When? Why does it matter?) Some colonists threw snowballs at like 10 British troops The heavily provoked troops attacked, killing 11 “innocent bystanders” Boston March 5th 1770 It was misrepresented by a popular drawing of it that incriminated the troops, leading to more detest for the already hated redcoats 27. Identify Samuel Adams (Who? What did he do? Where? When? Why is he significant...
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...The (un)Official United States History Cram Packet This is not intended as a substitute for regular study ……. But it is a powerful tool for review. 1494: Treaty of Tordesillas – divides world between Portugal and Spain 1497: John Cabot lands in North America. 1513: Ponce de Leon claims Florida for Spain. 1524: Verrazano explores North American Coast. 1539-1542: Hernando de Soto explores the Mississippi River Valley. 1540-1542: Coronado explores what will be the Southwestern United States. 1565: Spanish found the city of St. Augustine in Florida. 1579: Sir Francis Drake explores the coast of California. 1584 – 1587: Roanoke – the lost colony 1607: British establish Jamestown Colony – bad land, malaria, rich men, no gold - Headright System – land for population – people spread out 1608: French establish colony at Quebec. 1609: United Provinces establish claims in North America. 1614: Tobacco cultivation introduced in Virginia. – by Rolfe 1619: First African slaves brought to British America. 15. Virginia begins representative assembly – House of Burgesses 1620: Plymouth Colony is founded. - Mayflower Compact signed – agreed rule by majority • 1624 – New York founded by Dutch 1629: Mass. Bay founded – “City Upon a Hill” - Gov. Winthrop - Bi-cameral legislature, schools 1630: The Puritan Migration 1632: Maryland – for profit – proprietorship 1634 – Roger Williams banished from Mass. Bay Colony 1635:...
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...CATECHISM OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Table of Contents PROLOGUE I. The life of man - to know and love God nn. 1-3 II. Handing on the Faith: Catechesis nn. 4-10 III. The Aim and Intended Readership of the Catechism nn. 11-12 IV. Structure of this Catechism nn. 13-17 V. Practical Directions for Using this Catechism nn. 18-22 VI. Necessary Adaptations nn. 23-25 PART ONE: THE PROFESSION OF FAITH SECTION ONE "I BELIEVE" - "WE BELIEVE" n. 26 CHAPTER ONE MAN'S CAPACITY FOR GOD nn. 27-49 I. The Desire for God nn. 27-30 II. Ways of Coming to Know God nn. 31-35 III. The Knowledge of God According to the Church nn. 36-38 IV. How Can We Speak about God? nn.39-43 IN BRIEF nn. 44-49 CHAPTER TWO GOD COMES TO MEET MAN n. 50 Article 1 THE REVELATION OF GOD I. God Reveals His "Plan of Loving Goodness" nn. 51-53 II. The Stages of Revelation nn. 54-64 III. Christ Jesus -- "Mediator and Fullness of All Revelation" nn. 6567 IN BRIEF nn. 68-73 Article 2 THE TRANSMISSION OF DIVINE REVELATION n. 74 I. The Apostolic Tradition nn.75-79 II. The Relationship Between Tradition and Sacred Scripture nn. 80-83 III. The Interpretation of the Heritage of Faith nn. 84-95 IN BRIEF nn. 96-100 Article 3 SACRED SCRIPTURE I. Christ - The Unique Word of Sacred Scripture nn. 101-104 II. Inspiration and Truth of Sacred Scripture nn. 105-108 III. The Holy Spirit, Interpreter of Scripture nn. 109-119 IV. The Canon of Scripture nn. 120-130 V. Sacred Scripture in the Life of the Church nn. 131-133 IN BRIEF nn...
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