...Jeg fandt det her i mine notater: A Ride on the NY subway Vivian Gornick: + See below surface. From Bronx Lives in NY Story could be about Vivian herself. Observations from main person: + filthy subway, subway is like a robot monster – people = prisoners Problems: Narrator vs. The Others White jewish vs. the blacks Middleclass vs. workingclass Observing vs. passive/alienated Feels as a stranger in the subway vs. accepting The ride is a development for the narrator. Tunnel: Transformation – at the end she’ll see the light Subconscious – underbevidsthed New journalisme or Narrative Journalism: Began in 1960’s by American journalists. Combines journalism (facts, research and relevance) and literature (identification, excitement and presence). = New type of communication (from writer to reader). NJ can facilitate knowledge and messages different from other genres. It’s not passing on abstract knowledge and messages, but a concrete style concrete people and concrete situations. The writer is the main character in his own article and describes the scenario as if it was a short story. He wants to give the reader information and an experience. This genre is criticized in Denmark, because journalists see it as a showdown between NJ and ordinary neutral journalism. A NJ article is: 1) Dramatically composition as in fiction. (NEEDS EXAMPLE!) 2) Characters get to express a subjective point of view. The description of people is allowed to fill...
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...”Only the Dead Know Brooklyn” The text ”Only the Dead Know Brooklyn” written by Thomas Wolfe is a story about a narrator helping a guy that is waiting for the train in the subway in Brooklyn. Wolfe starts his novel in this way “DERE’S NO GUY livin’ dat knows Brooklyn t’roo an’ t’roo, because it’d take a guy a lifetime just to find his way aroun’ duh f --- town” . In the novel he portrays the life in the streets of Brooklyn and in which we follow the unknown narrator, who is waiting for his train to come. While he is waiting he overhears a conversation between a big guy and a little guy. The big guy wants to go to Bensonhoist (Bensonhurst without dialect), but he does not know how to get there. Getting no help from the little guy, the big guy asks the narrator for help. After giving guidelines to the big guy about going to Bensonhurst another guy comes and interferes in. Despite the narrator’s guidelines, the so-called ‘wise guy’ gives the big guy new instructions in the belief that his guidelines is the correct. That leads the narrator and the ‘wise guy’ into a discussion about what the idea of wisdom actually means. Luckily the arrival of the train saves him from a possible fight and instead he gets on the train with the big guy. During the ride the conversation takes a twist when the big guy tells the purpose of visiting Bensonhurst. The fact that the big guy only wants to visit Bensonhurst because of his wanderlust and attempt to see all parts of Brooklyn makes the narrator...
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...The Red line Analysis The short story takes place in London. We know this because the different sections in the story are named after subway stations in London; another way we can tell is the characters statements about the city: “Cathy had been at work, so the boyfriend had shown him around London” (p. 64, l. 25 - 26). The story unfolds in the subway’s underground system of London in the late 19’hundreds but could as well be set as today, because the way our characters describe their surroundings: “You couldn’t walk, always it had to be busses and what the English called the tubes” (p. 64, l. 29-30). Here we get an impression of a modern city where everything has to be fast and there is no time to waste. All of the main characters meet in the underground system at the end of the story. All the characters are placed here and throughout the story we hear their individual stories and get an impression of how they are and how their personalities are, these flashbacks and changes between the different characters can make it confusing at the beginning of the story, but at the end it makes good sense. This is a post modernistic narrative technique, and it is used because we have to hear the story from everyone’s point of view, to understand what is going on. I think the narrator has chosen the city of London because it’s a modern world city where everything has to go fast and it’s easy to get confused like Berto got. The title is called The Red Line. I think the narrator probably...
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...Marketing Management Case Analysis Subway® Sandwich Shops Abstract Subway® Sandwich Shops was founded in 1965, and has been franchised into the hearts and stomachs of families all around the world. This highly successful sandwich shop was the dream of high-school graduate Fred DeLuca. With the financial help of long-time friend Dr. Peter Buck, Fred opened the first Subway Sandwich Shop in Bridgeport Connecticut in 1965. By 1974, the pair had opened over 16 shops around Connecticut. In the year 2004, the SUBWAY® chain entered its 39th year of operation. It is the world's largest submarine sandwich chain with more than 21,000 restaurants in 75 countries. As a matter of fact, the SUBWAY® chain operates more units in the US and Canada than McDonald's® does (www.subway.com). Subway® currently operates 23,983 restaurants in 84 countries, and because of its' marketable success, the company was selected to be the subject of a marketing analysis. The fast food landscape continues to evolve, and one of the most dynamic segments within the Quick Serve Restaurants market continues to be sandwiches, subs and wraps. Driven by consumer interest in healthier food choices and a growing demand for premium ingredients, sandwich chains are expanding locations as well as variety. In real terms, the sandwich, subs and wraps market has grown 70% since 1999, or from $9.9 billion to an estimated $16.8 billion in 1999-2004. Primarily Subway®, Quiznos, and Panera Bread have fueled growth and...
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...shooting, a shot is created when you turn the camera on (begin recording) and then turn it off. Often, a director will record multiple takes (attempts) of each shot in order to get one perfect take to be edited into the final film. While editing, a shot refers to the action between two adjacent edit points. A shot can be as short as a single frame of film (1/24th second) to many minutes long -- both extremes are uncommon. Action sequences tend to use many short-duration shots to increase the sense of excitement, while dramatic scenes tend to use longer-duration shots. The components or elements of a shot can be divided into two categories: cinematography and mis-en-scene. Cinematography is the way the shot is recorded by the camera, including such factors as lens selection, focus setting, depth-of-field, zoom, camera movements, etc. Mis-en-scene refers to everything seen or heard within the shot: the performances, lighting, the set or environment, wardrobe, etc. Scene A scene is action that takes place at a certain place and time in the story. If a film starts with a conversation in the kitchen and then cuts to the subway, the kitchen is one scene and the subway is another. A scene can be composed of one shot or any number of shots. When shooting, a director will often record a master shot which captures the entire scene in a single shot, and then record additional shots (e.g., close-up's, cut-ins and cut-away) to be edited into the scene. Sequence When a number of scenes can...
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...AND ADDICTION Inebriation and addiction are often noted in the writing and poetry of some postmodern authors. In the poetry of Allen Ginsberg “Howl”, short stories by James Baldwin, “Sonny’s Blues” and Raymond Carver, “Cathedral” talk of alcohol and addiction exist. Reading the poetry of Ginsberg and the story by Baldwin, obvious references are made to inebriation and addiction, more subtle notations are described in the work by Carver. In the story “Cathedral” by Raymond Carver the narrator drinks too much and seems unable to effectively communicate with his wife. Drinking and smoking marijuana goes on throughout the story telling. The short story “Cathedral” portrays individuals isolated from each other for various reasons. It appears that the maladies suffered by the narrator and wife provide reasons for inebriation and addiction. For example,” So when the time rolled around, my wife went to the depot to pick him up. With nothing to do but wait—sure, I blamed him for that—I was having a drink and watching the TV when I heard the car pull into the drive. I got up from the sofa with my drink and went to the window to have a look”. The narrator begins to drink while waiting for his wife and the blind man to arrive from the train station. In this quote the first indication of drinking start. As the story progresses drinking and marijuana smoking occurs throughout. Drinking occurs after the characters are introduced and engage in brief conversation; the narrator...
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...Healthy: A Growing Market The Subway chain is the most well-known of the quick service restaurant (QSR) sub industry. All five of Subway’s similar competitors combined do not come close to the 27,021 locations that Subway currently owns in the United States; Quiznos has 5,200 locations (Quiznos, 2015), Firehouse Subs owns 850 locations (Firehouse Subs, 2015), Jimmy Johns has approximately 2,000 locations (Jimmy John's, 2015), Jersey Mike’s has 1,300 locations (Jersey Mike's, 2015), and Charley's Grilled Subs has over 500 locations (Charley's, 2015). The Subway chain is indisputably the world’s largest submarine sandwich chain with over 43,000 locations around the world (SUBWAY, 2015) and a brand value of $6.6 billion (Forbes, 2014). In this paper we will discuss how the Subway brand came to be so successful, what marketing strategies were used properly in the process, and conclude with what marketing strategies should continue to be implemented and what marketing strategies should be improved in order for Subway to maintain its success in the QSR industry. Background Information The “How” In 1965, 17 year old Fred DeLuca needed a way to fund his tuition to become a medical doctor. With a $1,000 loan from soon-to-be business partner Dr. Peter Buck, Fred founded Pete’s Super Submarines, known today as Subway Restaurants. The first store was opened in Bridgeport, Connecticut in August, 1965 with the future goal of opening 32 stores in 10 years (SUBWAY, 2015). Their biggest concern...
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...It would not be a surprise that television, internet, and any other kinds of ads of big fast food companies such as McDonalds® or Subway® have successfully advance their ideas of healthy foods in many of Americans. Yet all of these wealthy corporations, along with many other smaller companies, have many ways to sell their products. These methods could be underhanded loaded with jargon. Information of simple knowledge overfilled with confusing and sometimes random information that otherwise will be too insignificant for people to put an effort to learning about. There are also times where information is overly simplified and have no real background to make a worthy judgment. Amidst all of the fallacies in the fast food industry, there exist reliable sources of information. In recent years, there has been an increase of connecting ideas of the transformation of fasts foods. Although some arguments claim the reason is one clause over the other, some will divert and stray off topic. They exert random facts to either make the claim reasonable or by overflowing them with sources that seems reliable from authoritative figures. Rabin article “Proximity to Fast Food a Factor in Student Obesity” goes to say: Ninth graders whose schools are within a block of a fast-food outlet are more likely to be obese than students whose schools are a quarter of a mile or more away, according to a study of millions of schoolchildren by economists at the University of California and Columbia University...
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...Essential Elements of the Short Story There are a few key elements essential to any successful or engaging story. But a well-crafted short story should have two central characteristics. Firstly, it must have a strong, albeit condensed, narrative. A novel can indulge in slow plot development but the short story must immediately delve into the drama. The short story needs to progress quickly from conflict or crisis, to climax and subsequent resolution. Secondly, the short story must have an affable or at least relatable protagonist as the primary character. If the reader can recognize the ‘hero’, empathize with their plight, or emotionally connect with their journey, the short story remains intriguing. This essay, using examples from two classic short stories, illustrates how narrative and character development is intrinsic to a good short story. James Baldwin’s short story, “Sonny’s Blues”, begins with “I read it in the paper, in the subway, on my way to work. I read it, and I couldn’t believe it, and I read it again” (37). The mystery of what the narrator read immediately draws the reader in and an engrossing plot unfolds quickly. A series of recollections and flashbacks reveal the internal conflict of the narrator as he struggles with his family obligation to his drug-addicted brother. An argument between the brothers is the climactic moment as angst gives way to anger and frustration. There is almost a moment of suspense before the narrator hears Sonny play at the club for...
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...In this paper, team C will discuss a gluten-free menu item at Subway and how it solves the current need in the target market. It will include strategies on how to attract the target market through correct appeal, quality, and pricing. Pricing is very important because it is something that determines how much your product is worth. There are two well-known pricing strategies, penetration and skimming. Also, important is the product lifecycle, how long will it stay on the current subway menu? In terms of packaging for the new item, will it be different? Or will it use the current packaging that is offered at the restaurant? Another topic discussed in the paper will be the channels of distribution for the new gluten-free product. Detailed Description of Subway Gluten-Free Menu Item Subway has opened more than 22,000 global locations, in the United States Subway is the largest fast-food chain and its franchises can be found worldwide in 77 countries. It became famous as the healthy choice in fast foods through the story of Jared Fogle, a Indiana University College student who claimed to have dropped 245 pounds from eating Subway sandwiches with six grams of fat or less, low-fat chips, and diet drinks. Subway continued to improve its healthy food choice image by adding salads and wraps; this is a trend now found in numerous fast food restaurants including Jack in the Box, Whataburger, Wendy’s, and McDonald’s. For Subway to continue to market the public, it continues to develop several...
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...Principles of management APPLIED RESEARCH SUBWAY Sandwich shop Michael D. Robinson Ottis Walizer Park University Internet Campus A course paper presented to the School for Arts and Sciences and Distance Learning in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Baccalaureate Principle of Management Park University May, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 3 BODY 3 International Business 4 Social, Legal and Ethical Responsibilities 5 General Planning & Strategic Planning 6 Operations Management and Plans 7 Organizing Work and Synergism 8 Organization Structure and Chart 8 Work Team Utilization 9 Staffing 10 Employee and Manager Development 10 Motivating Employees 12 Leadership and Management 13 Managing Conflict and Stress 13 Managing Change 14 Controlling 15 Appraising and Rewarding 16 Operations Control 16 CONCLUSION 17 REFERENCES 18 INTRODUCTION SUBWAYS restaurants were developed by Fred La Duca and Dr. Peter Buck in Bridgeport, Connecticut, back in the summer of 1965. Fred was looking for a way to pay for college and one of his parents closes friends, Dr. Peter Buck, told him to open a sandwich shop. The suggestion came for a sub shop because they were very...
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...The Red Line The short story ”The Red Line” written by Charles Higson’s in 1993, takes place in the centre of London. The story deals with three extremely different people who all happens to meet each other while riding the tubes of London, which takes a dramatic turn. Furthermore I will analyse and interpret the short story with special focus on narrative technique and the creation of suspense. In this short story we are introduced to an Italian man, named Berto. He used to live in Venice, where he met a girl who he believes to be his “girlfriend”, Cathy, who is English. They met in Venice where they had a “relationship”, but they spent most of their time in bed, partly because of Berto's lacking skill of speaking English. Furthermore Berto seems to be a very naive and persistant kind of person. He's naive in a way because he believes that he and Cathy actually were in a relationship, he may not have understood the things that Cathy told him back in Venice, because when he arrives in London he finds that Cathy is in this “open relationship” with another man, with whom they spent a lot of time with. Berto is persistent because even when finds out that Cathy is in this other relationship and has been, even before the two of them met each other, he still keeps on trying to be with Cathy, he clearly seems to be in love. One last thing we can tell about Berto from hos behaviour is that he is very shy. The only to why he keeps sitting in the tubes is because he is way too afraid...
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...Dennis Pham Period 6 Works Cited Bauby, Jean. The Diving Bell and the Butterfly. New York: A.A Knopf, 1997. Print. Section 1 Page Range: PG 1-26 Dates Read: 9/30/2014 Original Summary: The story starts off with Jean lying in his bed and looking at the curtains of the window. He then explained how he had a massive stroke and is now paralyzed by a locked-in syndrome in which he could not move anything, but his eye. He now then lives a “non-living” life and talks about his pasts and imaginations. Communication was also tedious for him, Jean would blink when a person with a board of letters pointed at a correct letter. This was also how he wrote the book, but this was obviously a very time consuming process, which is why this book was short.....
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...Pros and Cons of Globalization Dianna L. James MBA607 November 22, 2014 Jeff Knott, Instructor Abstract Within this writing, we had to research the pros and cons of globalization. However, one needs to know the definition of globalization. Globalization is a process in which we trade with other countries in the stock market or imports/exports of goods and services. However, globalization is not as easy as saying the word, there are many issues that are important to know, one is the laws of any given country. Korea is a good example where they have non-flexible laws that a business that wish to produce their good though their country they need to be abided by in all sense of the word. When visiting the country you need to be well aware of the culture differences and conform to the culture of the country you are visiting. There is one basic question associated with the pros and cons that needs to be answered. “How can firms and governments help to reduce the amount of resistance that might result from its implementation” (From instructions for week one assignment)? Key Words: Trading, Country, Laws, Pros, and Cons, Globalization Pros and Cons of Globalization Within this writing, we had to research the pros and cons of globalization. However, one needs to know the definition of globalization. Globalization is a process in which we trade with other countries in the stock market or imports/exports of goods and services. However, globalization is not as easy...
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...Living with strangers is a short story written by Siri Hustvedt, it was publish as a newsletter in The New York Times in 2002, and in the newsletter she discusses the difference between cultures from her point of view. In the beginning of her newsletter, she describes where she grew up in rural Minnesota. Here it was a requirement to greet everyone, also if the person was a stranger. If you didn’t, people would be considering you as a snob and that was probably the worst thing to be there. When Siri got older she moved to New York City, here she quickly understood parts of the new culture. There was no way that anyone can greet everyone they meet downtown New York City, so here the unspoken greeting-rule of Minnesota doesn’t count. At this time in New York Siri was living by herself, but it was like her neighbors were her roommates. She could hear and see several acts that normally would be private moments, such as arguments from downstairs, she had no idea who these people were, but because they lived so close it was like she was living with them - she was “living with strangers”. Every culture has its own unspoken rules that strangers are most likely not to understand. Just like Minnesota had their “greeting-rule”, Siri is describing that New York’s unspoken rule is “pretend-it-isn’t-happening”. The rule is basically described as if something strange happens in New York; you simply pretend that it is not really happening. This new urban life was more frightening and...
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