...Central Ohio Technical College Institute for Public Safety Law Enforcement Technology Autumn Semester, 2013 August 21 through December 11, 2013 Class Syllabus Course Title: Introduction to Criminal Justice Course Number: LET-100 Instructor: Bob Cromwell, MS BBA C: (740)258-0800 Office hours by appointment only. email: rcromwel@cotc.edu Required Materials: Textbook(s): Frank Schmalleger. (2014) Criminal justice: a brief introduction (10th edition). NJ: Pearson Education. ISBN: 978-0-13-300979-8 Packets: Not required Supplies: Any materials students may need to record information in face to face classroom setting AND access to internet for research projects. Additional Materials: None. Closed Reserve: None. ITS Resources: http://www.cotc.edu/faculty-and-staff/it-support/Pages/index.aspx Student Services: http://www.cotc.edu/student-life/Pages/default.aspx Library: http://www.cotc.edu/libraries/Pages/default.aspx College-Wide Policies: 1. Assessment -- As part of COTC’s campus-wide assessment initiatives (quality assurance program), samples of student performance such as test results, projects, papers, etc. may be used. The data gathered will not identify individual students and are not related to the student’s grade for the course, but will be used to improve student learning at COTC. 2. Disability -- Any student who...
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...Crime and the Criminal Justice System Victoria Munoz Introduction to criminal justice CJS/201 April 6, 2015 Brenda Barney A society needs law to uphold fairness and to prevent the victimization of innocents. The definition of crime is any conduct in violation of the criminal law of the state, the federal government or local jurisdiction for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse. How law in relations to crime, is there is no crime unless a law is written, then broken to become a crime. The most common model of how socialite determines which acts are criminal is Due process and Crime control. Due process is one person’s Miranda rights, crime control arrest as many criminals to get them off the streets to reduce crime rates. The federal, state and the local government make up the government structure of criminal justice system. These three branches make the laws, make them official and decide what is constitutional and what is not. Some believe that crime is on the rise due to economic conditions, family conditions (divorces, family cohesiveness) and the lack of law enforcement help. Some believe that the system is bias and not punishment goes unjustified. The police ensures community safety, they also enforce the law. The courts decide criminal cases and pass down sentence and the corrections carry out the sentences, rehabilitate if needed. The goals of the criminal justice system are deterrence, to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of...
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...Structure of the Courts Paige Michaud- McClorey CJS 220 June 15, 2011 Jodi Delgado Structure of the Courts Three branches separate the government: executive, legislative, and the judicial each have distinct areas of responsibilities. I would like to start my Court System Structure for the State of Ohio from the bottom and work my way up to the top. Structure for the State is state appellate courts, and state trial courts. Sources of law consist of the state constitutions, state penal codes and local ordinances. These are laws enacted by state and local governments. Federal structure involves the federal appellate that is a five-judge panel and the federal trial courts. Sources of law are the U.S. Constitution, Code of federal regulations, and United States Code. These are laws enacted by Congress or executive agencies. Although the Mayor’s Court is not part of the judicial branch of Ohio government, Louisiana and Ohio are the only two states where mayors can preside over a court. They hear cases in violation of state traffic laws and local ordinances. Municipal and County Courts these courts are created by the General Assembly. Both courts have the authority to hear felony cases, and jurisdiction over traffic and non-traffic misdemeanors. Municipal and County Court judges must be attorneys with at least six years’ experience in law. A court of Claims judge assigned by the Chief Justice hears cases involving suits against the state such as property damage, discrimination...
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...Law Opinion Paper Introduction to Criminal Court System CJS/220 Instructor: XXXXXXXX Law Opinion Paper: The relationship between the common law and the legislature. The American common law system had originally been mirrored from medieval England, when criminals and civil laws were decided by judges based according to biblical prophecies as well as where they presided from. Now laws are created, enforced and micromanaged by three legislative branches of government. The reasoning for each branch having specific responsibilities is so that no one branch is able to corrupt the “checks and balances” system that was based according to the principals written in The United States Constitution and other important legal documents. The Legal System The United States government is overseen and governed by laws that were created by public officials. There are three branches of government: * The Legislative Branch of government (state or federal) enacts a group laws that are enacted by public officials. * Once the laws are enacted then they are enforced by The Executive Branch which controls the law enforcement agencies. * The Judicial Branch makes sure that those enacted laws serves a balanced purpose and are legally as well as ethically fair to all in serving their purpose. The American legal system today was conceived based from two major concepts that originally came from the medieval England’s common laws: Precedent and Codification...
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...Across the Criminal Justice System, agencies such as the police, the Crown Prosecution Service, the courts, prisons and prohibition work together to deliver criminal justice. The core agencies of the CJS are: the police, the Crown Prosecution Service, the courts, the National Offender Management Service (which covers prisons and probation) and the Youth Justice Board (which oversees Youth Offending Teams). Three branches are jointly responsible for the Criminal Justice System (CJS) and its agencies: the Ministry of Justice which manages the magistrates' courts, the Crown Court, the Appeals Courts, the Legal Services Commission and the National Offender Management Service (including prisons and probation); the Home Office which manages the police and the Attorney General's Office which runs the Crown Prosecution Service, the Serious Fraud Office and the Revenue and Customs Prosecutions Office. The Ministry of Justice manages the justice process from end to end - from the second a suspect has been charged, through the courts, to prison and probation if necessary. The ministry is...
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...deals with those individuals has changed over time. Crime is a conduct or violation of the criminal to break the laws for which there is no acceptable justification or excuse. Society is often viewed by its criminal element and how the people deal with punishment and rehabilitation of the criminal. There are five goals of the criminal justice system deterrence, incapacitation, retribution, rehabilitation, restoration. In a CJi Interactive Multi-Media slide on University of Phoenix website it described, “These five criminal justice goals are not mutually exclusive. They are really rather like philosophical perspectives from which a community or agency responds to criminal behavior. (Interactive) The criminal justice system has three branches, those branches are police, courts and correction departments, each are an integral part of the American Justice System. The police work in an ever changing environment however in a report on the challenges of crime in a free society the police officers job was described as “the manner in which a policeman works is influenced by practical matters: the legal strength of the available evidence, the willingness of victims to press charges and of witnesses to testify, the temper of the community, the time and information at the policeman's disposal. Much is at stake in how the policeman exercises this discretion and if he judges conduct not suspicious enough to justify intervention, the chance to prevent a robbery, rape, or murder may be lost” (Justice...
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...Law Opinion Jane Doe CJS/220 December 3, 2011 Law Opinion Normal law originated in Britain, and was certain procedures were adopted by the United States. The majority of laws are made by the federal and state legislature. Normal law contains rules and other doctrines of the English royal. For more than a four hundred year period, from the eighth to the eleventh centuries, the social system believed that when settling differences there was an increasing of feudalism. Since the United States of America was a new nation and had a government which many felt wasn't as nice as it could be. They were gathering information to create a different way of running the nation. There was a conference, called the Constitutional Convention, in which historical figures, such as Ben Franklin, George Washington, and James Madison attended. The purpose of the Constitutional Convention was for the state representatives to come together to decide the structure of the government. After the final compromises were made and clauses were polished, they voted. (Mount, 2011) The Constitution was finalized in 1787. The Constitution establishes three major divisions of federal government. These are known as the legislative, executive, and judiciary. Each branch has its own part in how laws are created and used. Creating new laws is difficult and the legislatures sometimes have a problem defining them. Sometimes new laws come about because of a recent issue, in which there was no law about it before...
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...Defining a crime and its relationship to the law is an important component when talking about criminal justice. In fact, according to University of Phoenix, CJi Interactive, crime can be defined as “conduct in violation of the criminal law of the state, the federal government, or local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse.” Meaning, that every crime depends on the location of the person who broke the law, which the same suggest that a person’s behavior may not be consider a crime depending on the status of the person who committed the crime, and even why this person broke the law. Consequently, society determines which are criminal acts depending on the behavior or the person. Which, according to CJ interactive “crime should include many behaviors that are not defined by laws or the political process. It views crime as any antisocial act that needs to be repressed to maintain society. Crime is an act against social structures as much as an act against any individual victim.” Suggesting, that society does not approve of...
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...Melvin Coe Thomas Edison State College SOC-384-OL010 Abstract In this paper I will attempt to prove that gangs are a problem in our society today and jails are not the solution to this problem. I will also attempt to show that people and organizations on watch are not only slowing down gang activity, but in all their power trying to put an end to it. Gang Activity in Camden I also did my own research about the gang activities in Camden and surrounding areas. This came up with a lot of interesting information that I did not know anything about. The arrests and sentencing factors associated with these gangs, the policing to reduce gang corners, and the violence cause by these gang members. For my online searches I used google and Firefox. This is where I typed in the information and was able to access the Newsworks, which gives you a break down by city or state. I also went on the Temple University site, which I was able to research data in their Department of Criminal Justice. I wanted to familiarize myself with some of the policies that the police and government are trying to put in place to stop the gang violence. A friend of mines who is a Paralegal allowed me do access her LexisNexis program, which gives you a lot of details on cases involving gangs not only in your area, but others as well. Interview: On Friday, June 5, 2015; I spoke with a retired police officer, which he did not want his real name to be mentioned, so we will call...
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...Bombay High Court 1 1862 - 2012 A Journey of 150 Years through some Memorable Judgments Part 1 2 PREFACE A tiny kernel of an idea planted by Justice Mridula Bhatkar took root, and has resulted in a humble effort to present before you a compendium of the crux of some of the judgments of the Judges who have served the Bombay High Court since its inception in 1862.1 The initial idea was to document one judgment of the First Court from each year which was modified to include a judgment of the Bombay High Court of each year. I soon realized that it was too expansive an idea to merit a single judgment a year. I could collect and collate, as many as ten judgments which would qualify to show the development of the law we desired to portray. Having found too vast a number of such judgments, I had to settle at a more reasonable figure of about five judgments each year to showcase the progress this Court has made from its illustrious beginnings. Our Chief Justice Mohit Shah and our Justice Chandrachud wholeheartedly supported the idea to complement the Book published on this the sesquicentennial of our Court. As the number of Judges grew, fewer judgments of each Judge would be selected as illustrations. These judgments are not the only path-finding groundbreaking ones; they are also ones with simplicity and legal elegance. The number of judgments we settled upon just would not permit all deserving judgments to be compiled; only a few have been picked from each year as the first in...
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...Vanessa Wright June 5, 2011 Comp Inter Legal Systems Project 1: Compare and Contrast France and England CJS Albany State University Criminal justice systems across the world vary depending on what country you reside in. Criminal justice systems are representations of what the country will accept and what they will not tolerate regardless if you are a minor or an adult. Some countries put you in the same category, but one thing all criminal justice systems do are protect the people of its country and make sure they are safe. The duties of the criminal justice systems across the world range from detecting crime to running the whole country. Every country has a criminal justice system including France and England. France’s criminal justice can be compared to England’s criminal justice system in many ways but it also can be contrasted. There are many similarities between the two, but what ultimately makes one country enforce their laws more strictly may be the greatest difference between the two. Within France, there are two major principal police systems which employ more than 145 thousand people. The two major principal police systems are the National Police and The National Gendarmerie. The Director General of the National Police includes the inspector general of police, judicial police, general intelligence, public security, territorial surveillance, control of the borders, and republican security company. The...
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...Respiratory System & Disease Jeff Farmer Anatomy& Physiology II Casey Veatch March 14, 2012 As we live our busy lives, there are many things that we take for granted. Things like having running water, weather that’s live-able, weekends, TV with 100 channels, and NFL football. But one very important thing that we all take for granted is the involuntary process of our respiratory system and breathing. The automatic breathing regulation system allows you to breathe so you don’t even have to consciously think about it even when you’re asleep. Respiration is the process of taking in and using oxygen. There are three different phases of respiration: external respiration, internal respiration, and cellular respiration. External respiration is the intake of oxygen from the environment and the release of carbon dioxide. In internal respiration, oxygen is carried to the cells and carbon dioxide is carried away from the cells. In cellular respiration, oxygen is used in chemical reactions within the cells ( Tortora, 2008). Air enters the body through the nose. From here it is warmed, filtered, and passed through the nasal cavity. Air passes the pharynx, then through the upper part of the trachea containing the larynx and moves into the bronchi that carry air in and out of the lungs (West, 1993). Ventilation is the mechanics of breathing in and out. When you inhale,...
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...Nirma University Institute of Law V Semester B.A.L.L.B. (Hons.)Course Article Writing Submission In Constitutional Law - II on the topic ------------------------------------------------- Appointment of Judges in Higher Judiciary: A Step Towards Landmark Or Marked Land As a part of Project Work For the academic year 2013- 2014 Prepared & Submitted by: Submitted To : Ashish Somani Asst. Professor 12BAL051 Ms. Alunkrita Tripathi ‘A’ section Appointment of Judges in Higher Judiciary: A Step Towards Landmark Or Marked Land ABSTRACT In India, the judiciary is regarded as the most efficient organ of the government from the legislation, executive and the judiciary which stands at par in their powers deriving from the constitution of India. As said by Shri D.D. Basu, a renowned jurist in India, there should be a check and balance system between the organs of the government but it should not encroach upon the ancillary functions. In the six decades of India being a republic this check and balance system, especially in the judicial appointments in the higher judiciary India has witnessed certain topsy- turvy situation. From the inception of the constitution the appointments of the higher judiciary...
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...Law and Politics 9/2/15 Office hours 10-11 Monday and Wednesday Hickman 411 What is law- set of rules made by government and enforced by government 4 Institutions that make Laws 1. Legislative Bodies (Ex. Congress, State Legislators, City council) Statutory Law 2. Courts/Judges- Set precedent by ruling: Common Law 3. Executive Branch: bureaucracy/administrative agency Administrative Law 4. Constitutional Law 9/4/15 Constitutional law-makes rules for govt Has gone largely unchanged Blueprint Creates and limits govt Fundamental law that sets up rules for how other kinds of laws can be made What isn’t in the Constitution? Democracy Separation of church and state Right to privacy Right to education One-person one vote Political parties God Articles of Confederation -1777 Loose association States retain sovereignty One house Congress Every state one vote Needed 9 to pass Couldn’t tax Problems Congress little power No taxes State sovereignty Own paper money States could sign foreign treaties No natl army No executive No national courts Shays Rebellion Final spark for constitutional convention Constitutional Convention Philly 1787 Signed in Sept 39 out of 55 delegates Undemocratic Elements Slavery: 3/5ths compromise, no ban on slave trade till 1808 Fugitive Slave clause article IV, fed govt helps slates put down insurrections Senators chosen by state legislators No right to suffrage. Qualifications left...
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...Jerry Coleman | Constitutional Law | Prof. James Kent | December 13, 2013 Jerry Coleman | Constitutional Law | Prof. James Kent | December 13, 2013 SHORT TITLE: FREEDOM OF SPEECH Freedom of Speech FIRST AMENDMENT PROTECTIONS Unit 2 Assignment Jerry Coleman LS305 Constitutional Law Prof. Judge J. Kent Kaplan University January 10, 2014 FREEDOM OF SPEECH FIRST AMENDMENT PROTECTIONS BY JERRY COLEMAN JANUARY 10, 2014 INDEX 1. COVER PAGE 2. TITLE PAGE 3. INDEX 4. PURPOSE 5. THEORY 6. FREEDOM OF SPEECH: UNALIENABLE RIGHT? 7. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 8. CASE LAW 9. CURRENT LEGISLATION AND ITS EFFECT ON THE FIRST AMENDMENT 10. CONCLUSION’ 11. REFERENCES PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to examine, limitedly, the incursion, by Congressional Acts, Judicial Interpretation via case law, and Executive Order of the First Amendment Protections of Free Speech of The Constitution of The United States. THEORY The Bill of Rights are the Foundation of the UNALIENABLE RIGHTS OF THE PEOPLE, in theory and original intent of the Framers, which neither the Federal Government nor the States may repose from the People. Neither shall the Judiciary. However, given to logical consideration, as applied by the Marshall Court, the Courts have Judicial Review Authority, rendering them, if not the best locale, definitely the most appropriate, for interpretation of the Rights thusly enumerated in The...
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