...Thessaloniki Course: International entrepreneurship Financial crisis in Tourism |Student: |Professor: | |Mr. Samaras Giannis | November, 2011. Content: 1. Financial crisis in Tourism- Introduction 2 2. How the crisis affects tourism 3 3. A Strategic Approach for the Global Tourism Industry to Overcome the Global Economic Crisis: A 10-Point Plan for Tourism Recovery 5 4. Money-saving trends in tourism 6 5. References 9 1. Financial crisis in Tourism- Introduction Tourism is especially vulnerable to economic uncertainty and volatility for a simple reason. Most travel and tourism involves discretionary expense. During tough economic times people conserve their cash to cover the essentials of life, food, shelter and family necessities. However, this does not mean that tourism stops. The trend that we have learned from past crises whether we refer to past economic crises or the global tourism scare resulting from the events of 9/11 is that people continue to travel but they will travel differently from the way they do during times of economic buoyancy. Those tourism and hospitality businesses which will survive and indeed thrive in the months ahead are those which can...
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...Seventh Session 19-30 April 1999, New York TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THE GLOBAL IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM Background Paper #1 Prepared by the World Travel and Tourism Organization and International Hotel and Restaurant Association The Global Importance of Tourism prepared by the World Travel & Tourism Council and International Hotel & Restaurant Association A. Introduction Creating jobs and wealth 1. Travel & Tourism is the world’s largest industry and creator of jobs across national and regional economies. WTTC/WEFA research show that in 2000, Travel & Tourism will generate, directly and indirectly, 11.7% of GDP and nearly 200 million jobs in the world-wide economy. These figures are forecasted to total 11.7% and 255 million respectively in 2010. 2. Jobs generated by Travel & Tourism are spread across the economy - in retail, construction, manufacturing and telecommunications, as well as directly in Travel & Tourism companies. These jobs employ a large proportion of women, minorities and young people; are predominantly in small and medium sized companies; and offer good training and transferability. Tourism can also be one of the most effective drivers for the development of regional economies. These patterns apply to both developed and emerging economies. Contributing to sustainable development 3. The 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the Rio Earth Summit, identified Travel & Tourism as one of the key sectors of the economy...
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...THE INTERNET EFFECTS ON TOURISM INDUSTRY Ericka Duncan Ortega erickaduncan@hotmail.com Doctoral Student Universidad de Las Palmas Gran Canaria This article aims to demonstrate the positive effects of the Internet on the tourism industry in three main areas: planning travel, commerce and industry structure. The document highlight that the journeyers have several tools provided by the Internet to receiving, looking for and sharing information to plan their travels. Also, Global Distribution Systems via the Internet have provided a new distribution channel for the retail of touristic products and services. Finally, the Internet has affected each actor of the value chain in the tourism industry. For the suppliers the Internet is providing directly information of their customers helping to increase their sales. Finally, the intermediaries have realized that they have to adapt to the new environment. Key Words: Tourism, e-tourism, travel, GDS, information communication technologies. JEL: L83, L86 To be or not to be is not longer the question, the real question in tourism is where to go, how to go and what to do. Nowadays, these are very easy questions to answer in contrast to Hamlet`s dilemma. Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world. Certainly, in 2008 the World Tourism Organization (WTO) reported 924 million international arrivals around the world, and according to the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) this industry represents around 11%...
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...Executive summary: The tourism marketing strategy has been prepared with realistic, achievable goals and objectives that will maximise the opportunities provided to tourism operators within UK. It is constructed in a manner that provides linkages with the marketing strategies of major industry stakeholders. Britain tourism industry profile: Tourism is the UK’s sixth largest industry – amounting to £105bn in revenue each year. It has employed over 1.3m people, generates £20bn per annum in foreign exchange and contributes an estimated £24bn per annum to the Exchequer through VAT and other taxation. Value of tourism industry in UK: There is great potential to increase the tourism industry in UK. The table shows the value of tourism in UK both in terms and percentage. Table: 1 value of tourism (real terms) Sectors | 2010 | 2020(expected ) | Inbound tourism | £20 bn | £36 bn | Domestic tourism | £70bn | £112 bn | Outbound tourism | £15bn | £24bn | Total | £105bn | £172bn | Table: 2 value of tourism industry (%) Sectors | Percentage (%) | Inbound tourism | 19% | Outbound tourism | 14% | Domestic (day visitor) | 46% | Domestic (overnight) | 21% | 14 Advising tourist on product, contract Transport to the destination Providing accommodation food, etc. Organise event, experience Transport from the destination Travel Agent Transport Company Hotel, Restaurant Site Operator, Cultural...
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...UNIT 1: THE CONTEMPORARY HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY Introduction Travel and tourism industry is growing at a rapid phase and contributing a significant part of the GDP for several developed as well as developing countries. Trends in travel and tourism industry are changing at a fast pace due to which industry players involved in travel & tourism industry are tracking these changes so as to remain in the business. There are several issues faced in the travel and tourism industry from time to time and these issues need considerable attention from the host country government as well as industry players. These issues are currently driving the entire travel & tourism segment. Further there are changes happening in the external environment and travel & tourism segment need to respond to these changes in order to remain in line with the changing trends in the external market. The present paper would analyze the issues faced in the travel and tourism sector in South Africa and there would be three learning objectives which would be accomplished through present paper and can be given as under: LO1 Understand current issues in travel and tourism sector LO3 Understand how the travel and tourism sector respond to change LO4 Understand the impacts of change on travel and tourism sector These three learning objectives would be attained through present paper for discussion of the contemporary issues in travel and tourism industry with specific reference to South Africa. LO1 Understand current...
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...the tourism industry: The case of travel agencies. Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management in Opatija.Biennial International Congress.Tourism & Hospitality Industry, , 587-598. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/763422092?accountid=35812 2. Marin-Pantelescu, A., & Tigu, G. (2010). Features of the travel and tourism industry which may affect pricing. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism, 1(1), 8-11. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/862377843?accountid=35812 3. Andreea Marin-Pantelescu, & Tigu, G. (2010). Features of the travel and tourism industry which may affect pricing. Journal of Environmental Management & Tourism, 1(1), 8-11. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/862377843?accountid=35812 4. Uzama, A. (2009). Marketing japan's travel and tourism industry to international tourists. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(3), 356-365. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596110910948341 5. Uzama, A. (2009). Marketing japan's travel and tourism industry to international tourists. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(3), 356-365. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09596110910948341 6. Yahya, F. (2003). Tourism flows between india and singapore. The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5(5), 347-367. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/214526322?accountid=35812 7. Uppal, P. (2000, Jun 09). Industry Spotlight/Travel and tourism:...
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...Analysis of American Tourism problems and Suggestions Nessie Shi May 8, 2013 Abstract This article main focuses on the problem and suggestions of current American tourism. Though analysis the history and current situation of America tourism, the article points out three problems the America tourism exist. Then the article indicates some suggestions to resolve the problems. The America tourism developed from 1790, and stand at the maturity stage now. It has rich tourism resource, such as the park, the museum, the theme park, the internet system, and developed transportation system and so on. However, the result is not the best in the world. Even though the America tourism is mature compare with more countries, it also has some problems because the special country condition. Such as the economy problem, security problem, visa problem and medial tourism problem. The article gives some suggestion aimed at each problem. Introduction “Tourism is the number-one service that we export. And that means jobs.” “More money spent by more tourists means more business can hire more workers.” President Obama announced when he went to Walt Disney World’s Magic Kingdom in Orlando, Florida January 19, 2012. (Laura, 2012). According to the statistic from the government, tourism and travel account is 2.7% of US gross domestic product (GDP) and support 7.5 million jobs. Generated...
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...Welcome to the Travel and Tourism Industry. Tourism is a movement of people from their own home to the other place for longer than 24 hours but less than 2 years. This people are called Tourists. Tourism industry has different component sectors which are; accommodation, transport, attractions, tour operators, travel agents, tourism development and promotion, ancillary services. Tourism is the quickest growing Industry in England from 2010. The Tourism Industry puts the UK economy up by 127 billion pounds a year. There are three different types of Tourism: Domestic Tourism is when the tourists travel within their own country only. For example going from London to Yorkshire for more than 24 hours is a domestic tourism. Albatross London is one of the Domestic companies within the UK. Inbound Tourism is when non-resident people (tourist) visit different countries. Inbound tourism is a large source of income as the tourists who come from the other countries put the money into country they are coming to. Outbound Tourism is when people travel from one country to another. It can be for family holiday or a business trip; e.g. when someone travels from U.S.A to UK. The next pages will be about component sectors in Travel and Tourism Industry. Welcome to the Travel and Tourism Industry. Tourism is a movement of people from their own home to the other place for longer than 24 hours but less than 2 years. This people are called Tourists. Tourism industry has different component...
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...agencies on the travel and tourism sector 2 Role of the Government in Tourism 2 Role of the government bodies 4 Roles of International Agencies 5 United Nations (UN) 6 United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) 6 World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) 6 Driving the Agenda - raising awareness of travel and tourism industry as a revenue generator. 7 The Facilitator: educating industry participants. 7 The Networking Forum 7 Q 2.2 Illustrate how local and national economic policy has an effect on the success of the travel and tourism sector 8 GOVERNMENT ECONOMIC POLICY AND TOURISM 8 • Direct Influence 8 Taxation (remove money) 8 Infrastructure investment and maintenance (inject money) Government spending on tourism 8 Tourism development 9 • Indirect Influence 9 Q 2.3 Analyse the implications of political change on the travel and tourism sector in various countries 10 Impact of political change on the travel and tourism industry 10 IRAN 10 CHINA 11 Reference and Bibliography 12 Q 2.1 Explain the role of government, government sponsored bodies and international agencies on the travel and tourism sector Role of the Government in Tourism The role of the government, according to traditional political theory, is concerned with maintaining law and order, defence, internal communication and transport infrastructure, and economic redistribution. All of these affect tourism. There are two levels in the role of government in tourist industry which can...
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...introduction The Tourism Industry has become one of the most lucrative industries in the country. In fact a record 982 million international tourists traveled the world in 2011, an increase of 4.69% compared to 2010 WTC. Tourism has also been a driving force of job creation across the world in the service industry such as transportation services, airlines, cruise ships and taxicabs; hospitality services, such as accommodations, including hotels and resorts; and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues and theatres Wikipedia. According to the World Travel & Tourism Council in 2011 Travel & Tourism directly supported 3.3% of jobs, not including the indirect contribution of jobs supported by travel & tourism creating 8.7% of total employment WTTC. The purpose of this research paper aims to the understanding of Tourism differences and similarities of the U.S. and France, but not limited to the overall outlook of tourism. As highlighted within the report you will understand TT policies, how tourism has a direct effect on the social, geographical, and economic sectors both national and international. Based on an economic perspective tourism bring an enormous amount of revenue for goods and services accounting for 30% of the world's exports of services, and 6% of overall exports of goods and services WTTC. This impact is driven by many travel organizations and travelers desire for leisure, wellness, business and social travel. The...
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...language. Glossary Below is a glossary of general industry terms and tourism abbreviations. A ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics. Advertorial A paid advertisement in the print media that resembles a story or editorial comment. AFTA Australian Federation of Travel Agents. AITT Australian Institute of Travel and Tourism. Allotment A limited number of rooms or seats available to wholesalers to free sell. AVIC Accredited visitor information centre. Travel information centres located at a destination to assist visitors to the area. AVICs provide information about accommodation, tours, activities, events, etc. Some AVICs also make bookings. AVICs are “accredited” centres, identified by an italic “i”. B B&B Bed and breakfast facility; usually not more than six rooms. Benchmarking Comparing results with similar tourism businesses or assessing the business against an industry average. ANR Arrival notification report used by wholesale agents. BEC Business Enterprise Centre. APEX Airlines advanced purchase fare. BLIS Business Licence Information Service. ATE Australian Tourism Exchange. ATE is Australia’s largest international tourism trade show for inbound operators and overseas wholesalers; coordinated by Tourism Australia. Block booking Hotel rooms held without deposit for regular group travel. ATEC Australian Tourism Export Council, formerly known as ITOA. ATLAS Computer/reservation system used by some travel agents. ATO Australian Tax Office Attendance building ...
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...Tourism is a constantly growing industry that generates billions of dollars per year contributing to more than 9% of New Zealand’s GDP. In 1939, the amount of international travellers worldwide was one million and today there are over one billon each year. (Higham, 2013). This industry has seen major developments, improvements, and growth in just a single generation with the increase in advancements of technology and the introduction of affordable flights. Tourism is a complex system that is constantly changing. Due to this innovative nature, tourism is extremely challenging to define and confine. Generally, the technical definition of tourism, as explained by the UNWTO, is “tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.” (Page, S., 2007). This definition is extremely broad but it becomes difficult to make more specific as it is a fragile system and there are many interpretations of tourism, which are constantly changing. Tourism is a complex system that includes geographic, human, and industry elements. It includes the examining of the interplay of generating, transit, and destination regions, human behaviours and interactions, and the development and delivery of tourism products and services. Due to the increased availability of air travel, there has been significant increase in the ability to access areas of interest, even those...
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...INTRODUCTION In order to understand the impact of internet on tourism in full depth a little bit of history about the pre-internet industry systems, the implementation of the changes bought about by internet and the present impact of the development of internet since, need to be understood thoroughly. the traditional distribution system needs to be discussed.The traditional pattern of distribution was dependent on the GDS and the CRS, by 1960 the initialization of the Data Processing System was completed known as SABRE then followed the Amadeus and Galileo till 1980, the first set of reservation system introduced with one prime objective, of making the airline reach to a level of excellence. By 1990 internet was introduced making a huge impact on the distribution channel of tourism industry, where all the airlines went global with one prime source the internet. “Distribution channels often both influence consumer behaviour, and determine the ability of the industry to respond to consumers’ requests efficiently” (Buhalis Laws 2001, p.7).There have been few quotes for distribution been mentioned by authors like , “link between the producers of tourism services and their customers” (Gartner & Bachri, 1994, p. 164), there is also a quote been published by WTO (World Tourism Organization) “a distribution channel can be described as a given combination of intermediaries who co-operate in the sale of a product. It follows that a distribution system can be and in most instances is...
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... | |Pearson BTEC Level 4/5 HNC/D Diploma in Hospitality Management |Unit 37: The Travel and Tourism Sector | |Student name |Assessor name | | |Mihaela Dariescu | |Date issued |Completion date |Submitted on | |28 July 2015 |Presentation date: 24 November 2015 | | | |Submission on Turnitin for presentation: 29 November 2015 | | | |Written assignment: 4 December 2015 | | | | | |Assignment title |The Travel and Tourism Sector...
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...ICTs in the Tourism Industry and its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour The tourism industry often needs a various range of information to satisfy and attracts its consumers and most of this information is delivered promptly to the customers with the help of the information and communication technologies (Poon, 1993). And as result, the global tourism industry is rapidly changing and the information and communication technologies ( ICTs) such as the internet is altering the structure of tourism industry and how it market his products and conducts its promotion. In order to understand the role and impacts that ICTs has in the wider tourism industry and to find its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour, it is advised to first know what ICTs are and to comprehend the study on consumer behaviour based on the tourism industry. Information and communication technologies are defined as the collective term given to the most recent development in the mode (electronic) and the mechanisms (computers and communications technologies) used for the acquisitions, processing analysis, storage, retrieval, dissemination, and application of information (Poon 1993 cited in Buhalis 2003, p 7). It can also be defined as “the use of digital tools for business functions and processes” (Cooper et al 2005, p.704). When tailing about ICTs, it consist of hardware (self service terminals), software (front office applications), and telecommunications (broadcast of images, teleconferencing...
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