...Technological Advances have Presented a Variety of Opportunities and Challenges for Globalization of the Manufacturing and Service Sectors Toletha Sylvester * * Technological advances domestically and globally have changed the way we live, conduct business, and view ourselves. Recent milestones and advances in our communication processes relative to information flow in digital form has spawned what has sometimes been referred to as an “IT revolution” (The Levin Institute). This technological revolution has done more than changed our everyday way of living at the micro-level, but has totally transformed and reshaped the various economies, markets, and business transactions of many countries and societies around the globe at the macro-level. * In particular technological advances have greatly increased a variety of opportunities as well as challenges for globalization of the manufacturing and service sectors. First, the United States has witnessed an enhanced and enriched global culture which has been facilitated by advanced technology (Alli, Winter, & May, 2007). As the United States continues to redefine what it means to change and modernize, so does the demand and interest in advanced educational attainment and product differentiation. Technology has by far had the greatest impact on the United States economy, education, transportation, information management, and knowledge transfer. * ...
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...variations of the iPad, iPad Mini, and iPad Air; many configurations of the MacBook, MacBook Pro, and MacBook Air; the iMac, Mac Pro, and Mac Mini; the Apple TV; and most recently released in April of 2015, the Apple Watch. Creating this venerable suite of products and devices is a globally diversified workforce that continues to grow, sitting today at over 110,000 people strong. As of December 2015, Apple is responsible for creating and supporting over 1.9 million jobs, nearly seventy five percent of which stem from the expansive iOS ecosystem. The remainder of those jobs include new construction jobs related to data centers, jobs at key suppliers of raw materials used in the manufacturing process, and finally corporate employees of the company itself. Apple directly employs more than 76,000 people in the United States alone, those employees represent nearly two-thirds of their global team (Apple Inc., 2015). In a recent press release out of Apple’s Cupertino, California headquarters, officials of the company announced a record fourth quarter, posting a quarterly revenue of $51.5 billion (USD), and a net profit of $11.1 billion. Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook reported that “fiscal 2015 was Apple’s most successful year ever, with revenue growing twenty eight percent to nearly $234 billion”...
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...Aviation Manufacturing Challenges Post World War II Jason Weber Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Aviation Manufacturing Challenges Post World War II I. Summary The American aviation industry was in an uncertain era post World War II (WW2). Aircraft manufacturers were suffering large loses as the demand for planes dropped sharply and the market was flooded. This created more supply than demand. Manufactures expected government sales to decline and braced for it. They hinged their hopes on the need for commercial aviation transportation which never came to fruition (Bright, 1978). The resurgence for the industry came in the form of the jet engine. The Navy, being conservative and resistant to change, did not see the need for the jet engine. Unlike the Air Force, the Navy had not encountered jet engine aircraft in combat yet. The Air Force in pursuit of superior air power and national security, was the greatest catalysts in aircraft advancements post WW2 (Converse, 2012). As advancements in the jet engine evolved, aircraft were flying faster and further. The need for stronger structural parts meant the need for new manufacturing techniques (Bright, 1978). II. Problem The problem is that airframe manufacturing was lagging behind the needs set forth by the evolving jet engine. The industry used hand crafting techniques that according to Bright (1978), “In the all-metal piston-engine era, the aircraft industry called itself the "tin benders" (Production: The Payoff...
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...Poor working conditions have been a persistent problem for centuries. Over the last 50 years, large corporations from the United States have moved a large portion of their factories overseas to circumvent the strict working regulations within the United States. The third world countries such as india, Bangladesh, Vietnam, China, South Korea, and Taiwan provide access to readily abundant cheap labor. These corporations could now reap the benefit of the United States consumer market, while keeping their costs extremely low in offshore production. The media has awakened the public to this fact and several prominent corporations have come under fire lately for the malpractices. The term “child labor” is often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical-mental development. It refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children, and interferes with their schooling by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school, obliging them to leave school prematurely or requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work. There are an estimated 186 million child laborers worldwide. The 2001 national census of India estimated total number of child labor aged 5–14 to be at 12.6 million. Small-scale and community-based studies have found estimated prevalence of 12.6 million children engaged in hazardous occupations. The culture...
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...nationalism throughout the country. Economic and territorial growth both contributed to the postwar expansion. These were also factors in the resurgence of nationalism along with several others. This positive movement was not without some turbulence. Several factors led to the postwar expansion. Most of these factors were the consequences of lessons learned during the War of 1812. It effectively exposed the inadequacy of the current transportation and financial systems. Following the closing...
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...Veer Shah AP United States History DBQ Essay #3: “American period between 1860-1880” The historic period prior to the 1860s was the most underlying era in American society as it led to the bloodiest war in the American history, the Civil war. Prior to the Civil war, the American politics were sectionally divided between the Northern Republicans and the Southern Democrats. The political culture was almost saturated as both sections had realized that the numerous compromises would only provoke questions and dissimilarities between them, with the largely interfered question of slavery and suffrage. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 had been implemented as a nationwide direction towards admitting states with reference the 36° 30´ latitude line, either as a free-state (above line) or as a slave state (below the line). Despite of the temporary success of the compromise of 1820, it was repealed by the Stephen A. Douglas in 1854 in his Kansas-Nebraska Act. Likewise, the Compromise of 1850, created by the Great Compromiser, Henry Clay, was an effort to preserve the Union by settling the issue of slavery in the newly acquired territories from the Mexican-American War. Although it assured a temporary peaceful settlement between the sections, it failed to give birth to the Civil war and the rise in sectionalism. Although all these compromises had served their desired intents, politically as well as socially, in turn, they only played a catalyst role in increasing the tensions...
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...investigated in this study is the economic importance of the automotive industry. It will explore the social impact it has brought worldwide and how it is affecting the world of commerce. It will also explain the foreign trade and the different automotive industries of each country. The following sub-questions will be evaluated: * What pollution-control strategies each automotive industry are practicing? * What are the latest in automobile safety measures? * How does motor vehicle production affect the economy? * What are the standards of manufacturing efficiency in an automobile? INTRODUCTION The automobile industry is concerned with profits and competition; with consumer demands for styling, safety, and efficiency; and with labor relations and manufacturing efficiency (“,” 2008). About 250 million vehicles are in the United States. Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007; they burn over 260 billion gallons of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly. The numbers are increasing rapidly, especially in China and India (“” 2008). In 2008, with rapidly rising oil prices, industries such as the automotive industry, are experiencing a combination of pricing pressures from raw material costs and changes in consumer buying habits. The industry is also facing increasing external competition from the public transport sector, as consumers re-evaluate their private vehicle usage (“,” 2008). ...
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...traders from both east and west. Following this time, events developing in China and the Roman Empire motivated Indian traders to seek a new port for their rich trade. Melaka was chosen, based mainly on its advantageous location -- it was sheltered from strong monsoon winds, thus the port was able to operate year-round. Melaka 's profitable position was envied by many and resulted in the Portuguese invasion in 1511. Later, in 1641, the Dutch defeated the Portuguese and reigned until 1815 when the British Empire took over. After World War II, there was a resurgence of Malayan nationalism leading to the Declaration of Independence for the Federation of Malaya from the British Empire on August 31, 1957. Malaysia at the time was comprised 13 states, including Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. In 1963 two federal territories were formed. Singapore later withdrew from the Federation in 1965. COUNTRY DESCRIPTION Malaysia has 13 states: 11 in Peninsular Malaysia and two, Sabah and Sarawak, on the island of Borneo (East Malaysia). View Larger Map GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION Malaysia lies at 7° North of the Equator and consists of West and East Malaysia. West Malaysia is bordered by Thailand to the north, Singapore to the south, the South China Sea to the east, and the Straits of Malacca to the west. East Malaysia shares its southern border with Indonesia, its northern border with Brunei, and is cradled by the South China Sea to the west and north, and the Sulu Sea to the northeast. ...
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...(alternatively spelled Chahta, Chactas, Tchakta, Chocktaw, and Chactaw) are Native American people originally from the Southeastern United States (Oklahoma, California, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas,Alabama). The Choctaw language belongs to the Muskogean linguistic group. Henry Halbert, a historian, suggests that their name is derived from the Choctaw phrase Hacha hatak(river people). (“Choctaw,” n.d.) Choktaw is the approved, anglicized form of the tribal name Chahta (Chäh’ta).It seems to have been first applied to the tribe about the beginning of eighteenth century and is found spelled in a number of different ways in historical records. It has been suggested that the name Choctaw is from the Spanish word chato, meaning "flat," descriptive...
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...Reshoring and its’ effect on America Hideo Mera Webster University Abstract The paper is going to discuss the trend of reshoring and it effect on America. Reshoring is the action of a company to bring jobs back to the United States (US) that were once being done overseas. The trend has been happening a little bit over the years but has gained some steam over the past few years. Some of the reasons for this shift is that the low cost labor advantages that some countries had in the past is eroding due to inflation and other factors. Another factor is costs associated with the logistics of getting parts from overseas location to your market in the US. There are other factors to consider when it comes to reshoring such as innovation, diminished customization, and concerns of quality. All of these factors are reasons that reshoring is occuring and gaining steam. Reshoring Reshoring is when jobs that were once being performed overseas is being brought back to the US. This trend has been happening over last few years but in the last couple of years this trend has gained some steam because the cost saving that were once so prevelant overseas is no longer being realized now. The cheap labor force that existed isn’t as cheap as it once was. The areas of the world that supplied the cheap labor have risen the wages of their workers and the skill set that is required is no longer available. Another factor that there is to consider is the logistics of moving parts from overseas...
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...society. China has also become more integrated with the rest of the world. The rise of China is having repercussions all across the world. On the one hand, China has become the workshop of the world, supplying low-cost manufacturing goods to almost every part, of the globe. On the other hand, China’s demand for energy and other industrial raw materials is affecting world prices. As a result of her success in export, China now has the largest foreign currency reserve, much of which is invested in the US securities market, so that the economies of the United States and China have become interdependent in more ways than are readily visible. In the Middle Ages, China thought of herself as the center of the world, naming herself as the Middle Kingdom, and the rest of the world was drawn to her because of her wealth, technology, And culture. However, China stagnated later and, after losing out in the Opium Wars in the mid nineteenth past century, she found subject to a quasi-colonial rule by European powers. After a long period of wars and revolutions, China is now staging a spectacular comeback, and the question that is engaging the minds of scholars and policy makers alike is what lies ahead of this resurgent China, and how her resurgence will influence the world. Answers to these broad questions however depend on the resolution of a wide range of issues that have accompanied or...
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...Chrysler Fiat case 1. What are your views of the Chrysler fiat auto alliance and its status in 2012? The strategic alliance amongst both companies, Fiat and Chrysler, doesn’t precisely rescue o completely help Chrysler. It does allow Fiat to go in U.S. market. Concisely, Fiat will acquire 35% of Chrysler Company’s stake, without the any respective compensation for the stake, and it will provide Chrysler entry and use of its technology. Fiat openly announced that it aimed to open a manufacturing base in the U.S for the Fiat brand as well as for its subsidiary, Alfa Romeo. Thanks to the 35% that Fiat is obtaining from Chrysler, the automotive company would seemingly be able to use an U.S. factory to manufacture its cars. Chrysler doesn’t have a good story in recent years through mergers since after separating from Daimler in 2007, Chrysler did not do well because of the existent global economic crises. Moreover, Chryslers’ monetary constraints and sharp competition in the United States represent some of its other issues which are some of the reasons that led the corporation to seek a partnership and Fiat ended up being the right fit. Both corporations display similarities in their manufactured goods, worldwide procedures, and machinery and equipment areas which will help build a strong alliance and benefit both companies. The association will probably assist Chrysler in order to get more capital from the government to subsist. On other hand, there are always risks and...
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...Research Article The impact of currency fluctuations on the internal market The European Union has seen considerable currency fluctuations since the summer of 1992. In three years, five currencies have depreciated by 20% or more against the most stable currencies in the EMS. The scale and speed of these changes have justified this question being raised at the highest political level. At its meeting in Cannes in June, the European Council requested the Commission to "carry out a detailed examination of those problems and to report on its conclusions in the autumn". In response to this request from the European Council, the Commission has attempted to identify the impact of intra-Community currency fluctuations on economic growth and on the internal market. It is also ready to present this report to the appropriate institutions of the Union. I. Constraints However detailed it may be, any study of this type comes up against a number of difficulties: some of the key data for the period after 1994 are not yet available; the effects of the fluctuations on investment decisions and employment are difficult to quantify; it is too early to draw definitive conclusions as to the ultimate consequences of these fluctuations, especially as relatively long periods can elapse before firms react; it has only been possible to analyze certain sectors in detail; II. Findings Despite these constraints, a number of phenomena can be identified: a deceleration of growth According to the estimates...
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...Overview Belize is slightly larger than Massachusetts (22,963 sq. km/8,866 sq. miles). The capital, Belmopan has a population of 4,500. Belize borders the Caribbean Sea along the eastern shore of Central America just below the Yucatan Peninsula. It is bounded on its north and west side by Mexico and on its south and west side by Guatemala. The Caribbean Sea lies to the east and from the air its turquoise waters are clear, allowing the multicolored coral formation of the Great Barrier Reef to be easily observed. Coral islands called cays, covered with stands of mangrove trees, dot the coast. Lying in aquamarine and jade-colored bays, these cays protect the jungled coastline from the ravages of the sea. History The first inhabitants of Central America, of which we have any record, were the Mayas. These people had built an impressive civilization which reached its peak before the Europeans began their voyages of exploration to the New World. Little is known of the origins of the Mayan people, whose achievements are said to have rivaled those of the Egyptians. Many facets of their culture were unsurpassed until A.D. 1000 when the whole civilization collapsed. Temples and buildings were abandoned with the departure of the priests, probably due to a revolt among the peasantry. Many of the farmers remained until well into the fourteenth century, but then they too left, following the priestly classes to the Yucatan. The way of the Mayan people are, however, still evidential throughout...
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...ratios for three years, comparing to industry and nearest competitors; and in conclusion share a strong, fact-based summary of why or why not a person should make an investment in the common stock of Toyota. Historical Overview Toyota is a family-owned and operated company with very humble beginnings. Sakichi Toyoda, his son, Kiichiro Toyoda and Taiichi Ohno all played an important role in not only laying the foundation for what would become the automotive giant Toyota, but also in the development of the system that has revolutionized lean manufacturing; the Toyota Production System (TPS) (ToyotaGeorgetown.com, 2006-2013). Sakichi Toyoda invented the automated loom which ensured quality of product by stopping when threads would snap. This allowed one operator to handle dozens of looms in one operating cycle. One operator having control over quality and the ability to perform several tasks is a key concept in lean manufacturing. The guiding philosophy of TPS is to build the highest quality vehicle and the lowest possible cost to customers in the safest environment. “Sakichi’s invention reduced defects and...
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