...In the story, "Brown Wolf" by Jack London, you can tell that the characters, Walt and Madge had become attached to the dog. Based off of Walt saying, "I said the dog doesn't go, and that settles it. I don't believe he's your dog. You may have seen him sometime. You may even sometime have driven him for his owner. But his obeying the ordinary driving commands of the Alaskan trail is no demonstration that he is yours. Any dog in Alaska would obey you as he obeyed", I can conclude that they did not want to believe Mr. Miller at first because they did not want the dog to leave them. As the story progresses, Madge & Walt start to think that Mr. Miller was right about the dog belonging to him based off of how the dog interacted with Mr. Miller. One...
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...different whine, howl, growl, and bark, have different meanings. Domestication of species Although no one knows the origin of the domestication of grey wolves, "Archaeology has placed the earliest known domestication at potentially 30,000 BC,[1][2] and with certainty at 7,000 BC.[3] Other evidence suggests that dogs were first domesticated in East Asia"(hounddogsdrule.com). There are also different theories to how Gray Wolves were domesticated and bred into dogs. Orphaned wolf-cubs: Studies have shown that some wolf pups taken at an early age and reared by humans are easily tamed and socialized.((hounddogsdrule.com) The Promise of Food/Self Domestication: Early wolves would, as scavengers, be attracted to the refuse left at human campsites.((hounddogsdrule.com) As a beast of burden: North American Indians used dog-sized travois before adapting the horse for this purpose, and huskies are famous for pulling sleds for Inuit communities.((hounddogsdrule.com) Dogs as a source of food and fur: While, currently, most societies have difficulty thinking of dogs (or wolves) as a meat animal, it is conceivable that the human-canine bond was also fostered by humanity’s use of dogs as a source of meat and...
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...young puppy who is chained up outside all of his life. One day his owner comes outside with bones and offers the puppy them, but Sharik declines them and asks for his freedom instead. In the story The Dog and The wolf by Aesop you learn about a wolf that is wild and is starving to death. The wolf’s cousin, a house dog comes by and sees the the state the wolf is in and offers the wolf a life filled with food. She agrees, when she gets to the place she realizes that she would be chained up and decided she wanted freedom more than food. Literature today draws themes from traditional stories by word choice and universal themes. The two passages present the same universal...
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...How Dogs have Evolved Every wonder how “Man’s best friend” evolved? With over 350 different breeds, from the Chihuahua to the Great Dane, all dogs have descended from the Grey Wolf. The domestication of dogs by man dates back at least twelve thousand years. Domestication of the wolf may have begun with orphaned wolf cubs brought into villages and raised by children. Ancient man may have also started the domestication process by befriending wolves which helped them hunt and drive herds. (Kodat, 2002) Having a semi-tame wolves has its advantages. For example, the acute hearing of the wolve would alarm the human if danger was near at night. However, as civilization evolved, the jobs of dogs became more varied and specific; as a result, different breeds were created to handle different jobs. Selective breeding has allowed human manipulation to create the traits that you see in your dog today, such as the pushed-in face of the pug, or the speed of they greyhound to catch its prey. The domestic dog has been the most widely kept working, hunting and companion animal in human history. The dog quickly became ubiquitous across world cultures, and was extremely valuable to early human settlements. For instance, it is believed the successful emigration across the Bering Strait might not have been possible without sled dogs (Kodat, 2002). No matter how far the dog evolves from it ancestors, there is still a great deal of wolf present in the domestic dog. Dogs are still genetically wolf...
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...one another’s fur. Wolves are carnivores, they mainly eat meat. They prefer to hunt and eat large animals such as moose, muskoxen, elk, and caribou. These creatures are powerful, armed with sharp hooves, and fierce horns or antlers. They can only be hunted by wolves in a pack. Other wild dogs like cats, bears, raccoons, hyenas, and seals are also carnivores. Like members of the dog family, wolves breed only once a year. Mating takes place in late winter. The young develop inside the mother for 63 days until birth. Two weeks after they are born the cubs are bigger and stronger. They can know hear and they eyes are open so they can see. They clamber over one another to reach the warmest places under their mother’s body. By the age of three weeks they are able to stand and wobble to the den entrance; they sniff the air and look outside the world. The cubs spent their summer in a grassy spot near their old den. By the fall they are about strong enough to travel with the adults as they roam through their territory in search of food. By the time the female cubs are 2 they are able to mate. Young she-wolf reaches maturity the age at which they can breed, even earlier than their...
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...Short Summary Two men are out in the wild of the north. Their dogs disappear as they are lured by a she-wolf and eaten by the pack. They only have three bullets left and Bill, one of the men, uses them to try to save one of their dogs; he misses and is eaten with the dog. Only Henry and two dogs are left; he makes a fire, trying to drive away the wolves. They draw in close, and he is almost eaten, saved only by a company of men who were traveling nearby. The wolves are in the midst of a famine. They continue on, lead by several wolves alongside the she-wolf, and when they finally find food the pack starts to split up. The she-wolf mates with one of the wolves and has a litter of pups. Only one survives after several more famines, and he grows strong and is a feisty pup. They come to an Indian village where the she-wolf's (who is actually half-wolf, half-dog) master is. He catches her again and White Fang, her pup, stays nearby. Soon, she is sold to another Indian, while White Fang stays with Gray Beaver, her master. The other dogs of the village terrorize White Fang, especially one named Lip-lip. White Fang becomes more and more vicious, encouraged by his master. He kills other dogs. Gray Beaver goes to Fort Yukon to trade and discovers whiskey. White Fang is passed into the hands of Beauty Smith, a monster of a man. He fights other dogs until he meets his match in a bulldog and is saved only by a man named Scott. Scott tames White Fang and takes him back to California with...
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...The dog is classified as Canis lupus familiaris under the Biological Species Concept and Canis familiaris under the Evolutionary Species Concept.[2]:p1 In 1758, the taxonomist Linnaeus published in Systema Naturae a categorization of species which included the Canis species. Canis is a Latin word meaning dog,[19] and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals. The dog was classified as Canis familiaris,[20] which means "Dog-family"[21] or the family dog. On the next page he recorded the wolf as Canis lupus, which means "Dog-wolf".[22] In 1978, a review aimed at reducing the number of recognized Canis species proposed that "Canis dingo is now generally regarded as a distinctive feral domestic dog. Canis familiaris is used for domestic dogs, although taxonomically it should probably be synonymous with Canis lupus."[23] In 1982, the first edition of Mammal Species of the World listed Canis familiaris under Canis lupus with the comment: "Probably ancestor of and conspecific with the domestic dog, familiaris. Canis familiaris has page priority over Canis lupus, but both were published simultaneously in Linnaeus (1758), and Canis lupus has been universally used for this species",[24] which avoided classifying the wolf as the family dog. The dog is now listed among the many other Latin-named subspecies of Canis lupus as Canis lupus familiaris.[1] In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated...
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...The Four Musicians of Bremen In the story a donkey, a dog, a cat, and a rooster, all past their prime years in life and usefulness on their respective farms, were soon to be discarded or mistreated by their masters. One by one they leave their homes and set out together. They decide to go to Bremen, known for its freedom, to live without owners and become musicians there. On the way to Bremen, they see a lighted cottage; they look inside and see four robbers enjoying their ill-gotten gains. Standing on each others backs, they decide to perform for the men in hope of gaining food. Their 'music' has an unanticipated effect; the men run for their lives, not knowing what the strange sound is. The animals take possession of the house, eat a good meal, and settle in for the evening. Later that night, the robbers return and send one of their members in to investigate. It is dark and he sees the eyes of the Cat shining in the darkness. He reaches over to light his candle, thinking he sees the coals of the fire. Things happen in quick succession; the Cat swipes his face with her claws, the Donkey picks up his hooves and kicks him, the Dog bites him on the leg, and the Rooster crows and chases him out the door, screaming. He tells his companions that he was beset by a horrible witch who scratched him with her long fingers (the Cat), a man with a knife (the Dog), a monster who had hit him with a club (the Donkey), and worst of all, the devil who screamed from the rooftop (the Rooster)...
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...Evolution, it’s a very interesting topic. Buck (the main character in “The Call of the Wild”) went through evolution in the book. Evolution is the change from one thing to another. Buck has been on a journey of evolution. He has seen his primordial brothers. From the time Buck was dog napped, he has turned fierce and savage. He has learned how to keep warm while sleeping by digging under the snow and sleeping in that hole. He has learned not to fall in a fight or the dogs will pounce on you and shred you to pieces. Buck has killed another dog in rage and competition for leader. Buck has gotten calls (which are wolf howls) from his primordial brothers and runs to the wild and plays with a lone timber wolf. He also has dreams of a primordial man telling Buck to join the wild and hunt for food. He returns home and finds the camp killed by Yeehat Indians, so he kills some Indians, and with no were to go, joins a wolf pack and becomes leader. So you can see Buck has changed from a civilized home dog to a wild vicious wolf pack leader through out the book. He has mastered the ways of the wild and knows how to survive. For example he can now hunt his own food for survival. He can also stay warm while sleeping. Both these examples show that Buck can survive in the wild. He has gone through the process of...
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...Wolf Ecology Essay by Kyle D. The habitat that the wolfs are usually in the tundra to woodlands, grasslands and deserts. Today gray wolves populations located in alaska, northern michigan, northern wisconsin, western montana, northern idaho, northeast oregon, and the yellowstone area in wyoming. Wolfs are the only species to be deliberately driven to the brink of extinction by humans. Also wolves are carnivores The gray wolf a.k.a the timber wolf is found in the north american. It’s also the largest extinct animal in it’s family. The gray wolf is the most specialized animal out there. The gray wolf is also one of the world's well known and...
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...taiga, and sometimes even urban areas. (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolves). Wolves have survived through the ice age. An ancient form of primitive wolf may have originated seven hundred fifty thousand years ago in the eastern part of North America which are thought to be the ancestors of the Eastern Wolf and Red Wolf. Wolves have been in folklore, myths, and cave paintings throughout history. In some cultures wolves were respected and revered, but in other cultures they were feared or looked down upon. Their behaviors have frequently been misunderstood by people. The wolf was once the most widely distributed mammal in the world. Their decline in population and reduction in territory is due to people destroying their habitats and killing them. There were once about fifty subspecies recognized, but the list can be condensed to about thirteen-fifteen general subspecies due to DNA testing, anatomy, distribution, and migration. In 2005, thirty-seven subspecies existed including the dingo and the dog. Some subspecies are extinct or endangered. Some subspecies have been saved by conservation efforts and are being repopulated into the wild through breeding programs. In the following paragraphs, I will discuss several subspecies including the Red Wolf, Mexican Gray Wolf, the Eastern Wolf, and the Arctic Wolf. I will explore their physiology, range, habitat, diet, social structures, reproduction, communication, body language, and behaviors. (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolves...
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...Chapter 1: Into the Primitive Start Page 1 end page 13 unmber of pages 13 Gold just been discovered in in the Arctic. Californian people are rushing to the Northland, looking to gain some gold. Everyone is looking for strong and big dogs to carry them to the severe cold in the Arctic for their journey. Buck is a strong dog and the main character of “call of the wild” tale. Buck lives in the home of Judge Miller in Santa Clara Valley. Other dogs are present in the tale; however, Buck is the king of his domain. He escorts the Judge's daughters on walks; he hunts with Judge’s sons, carries his grandchildren on his back. Buck weighs around 140 pounds. He is not as large as his father was, but he carries himself like a king. Hunting and walking keep him fit. Buck doesn’t know what danger is waiting him. Manuel, a gardener's helper, who fall in debt, his salary can’t support his big family. One night, when the Judge and his sons are gone Manuel takes Buck on a walk. They arrive to a flag station where a man is waiting for them. Manuel sells Buck to a stranger for some dollars and when the stranger tries to grab the rope around his neck he flies violently at the man and bite the man’s hand; however Buck is thrown into the baggage car of the train. The man tells the conductor that Buck is being taken to San Francisco in order to cure him. Buck was hold into a brass collar and thrown into a cage. During the first night, Buck wonders why he is there. He wishes that the Judge come for...
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...Jack london was a very self severed man. His works were mostly about what was going on and what he went through, but he would look at some of his works and put them in a different perspective like “White Fang” when he put the story in the eyes of a pup wolf that had to survive. His books are also about the wild adventures of his life everything that he went through and everyone he met. He would go off to chase a story he was always going somewhere to find adventure to live life. John London was born January 12, 1876 he was born in San Francisco, California.(2nd) Born John Griffith London in 1876, he adopted the name Jack as a adolescent.(6th) London was forced to dropout of school in the 8th grade to help out with is family to support them. He went back to high school, but he left shortly after a year of attending. He studied to pass the entrance exams for the University of California at Berkeley. London loved it at Berkeley, but only attended the University for one semester and was forced to drop out of the school because of money issues.(1st) London had...
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...Natural Vs Artificial Selection in dogs that has been altered to suit a person’s need Introduction Dogs exist in both wild and domestic set-up whereby they vary in shape and size. This means that there are different breeds of dogs resulting from artificial and natural selection. Each existing species was created separately but they can be modified by the environment. However, these changes are limited hence cannot produce a new species. Artificial selection is whereby a species of a particular plant or animal is modifies by breeders into a distinct breed with unique physical attributes. The offspring obtained from each breeding process may exhibit minimal differences that only a breeder can identify. The aim of this breeding process is to breed an offspring with desired physical attributes, which is then allowed to breed further. An offspring with undesired physical attributes is not allowed to breed. The breeding process is repeated until the small differences observed increase gradually. This represents the process of artificial selection (Venemma). Natural selection represents a similar process that occurs in nature. In a natural setup, organisms normally vary hence reproduce at a specific geometric rate. Survival of these organisms depends on adaptation to the natural environment (Pollan 23). This creates a division whereby organisms that are environmentally suited will reproduce and those not suited will die. This is a resemblance of artificial selection, but this natural...
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...The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)[2][3] is a subspecies of the gray wolf (Canis lupus), a member of the Canidae family of the mammalian order Carnivora. The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The dog was the first domesticated animal[4] and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and pet animal in human history. The word "dog" can also refer to the male of a canine species,[5] as opposed to the word "bitch" which refers to the female of the species. MtDNA evidence shows an evolutionary split between the modern dog's lineage and the modern wolf's lineage around 100,000 years ago but, as of 2013, the oldest fossil specimens genetically linked to the modern dog's lineage date to approximately 33,000–36,000 years ago.[4][6] Dogs' value to early human hunter-gatherers led to them quickly becoming ubiquitous across world cultures. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world. In some cultures, however, dogs are also a source of meat.[7][8] In 2001, there were estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.[9] Most breeds of dogs are at most a few hundred years old, having been artificially selected for particular morphologies and behaviors by people for specific functional roles. Through...
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