...Geopolitics for business Mini workshop On 6 September 2008 Turkish president Abdullah Gul attended a soccer world cup qualifying match in Armenia. 1- Why was this visit significant? The history has shown a lot of problems between ethnies in Turkey mainly with Armenian genocide: in 1915 two thirds of Native Armenians in Turkey were deported and exterminated. Turkish government never accepted to recognize its fault as a “genocide”. This visit shows that the Turkish government is however ready to make efforts toward Armenia. The two countries have no diplomatic ties. It was the first time that a Turkish leader went into Armenia since the independency in 1991. 2- Was there more to this story (“footie”) than meets the eye? The main goal of this meeting is to enhance the diplomatic relations because the two countries do not have diplomatic ties even if they have recognized each other. 3- What was the state of Turkish-Armenian relations in 2008? They recognized each other but do not have established diplomatic relations. 4- Characterise the geographic situation of these 2 countries. How might this impact on political relations (show on a map) Turkey and Armenia have common borders so they are neighbours. Turkey is a board crossing area for several countries in order to access to the sea. A long mountain chain is separating the two countries so the exchanges between both countries are insignificant. Bad political relations are settled since the...
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...SUMMARISED ESSAY ON THE PROJECT OF HOSTING THE 2008 UNDER 20 WOMEN’S FIFA WORLD CUP BY THE CHILE GOVERNMENT. Based on an extract from a journal. When in 1990 Chile became a democratic state, the Ministry of Public Infrastructure (MOP) in line with the country’s sustained growth and development embarked on the rehabilitation of the decayed public infrastructure. This was achieved through private concessions and working closer with the local city governments. With this in mind, the country led by President Michelle Bachelet aimed at attracting major sporting events. Consequently Chile won the right to host FIFA under 20 women’s world cup. This would be a national project that had presidential backing and priority. An unprecedented challenge however arose in that of the four cities selected to as possible hosts none had stadiums that complied with FIFA’s regulations. Thus the task to build four stadiums from the ground with a timeline of nine months was set. Though the exponential growth in investor funds took care of the project’s financing there was a great deficit in experienced and certified project managers to run the complex projects with aggressive deadlines. The MOP thus needed to strengthen the human capital for the project’s efficiency. The solution for the MOP lay in replacing the outmoded project management principles used for past projects with modern techniques and practices by adopting a structure based on standards from the Project Management Institute (PMI)....
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...The sub-prime crisis of has led to a financial crisis in 2008-2009 that impacted many countries around the world. Discuss the cause of the sub-prime crisis and the major parties responsible. A number of parties were responsible for the sub-prime crisis during the period of 2008 to 2009. This essay will be discussing the parties responsible for the sub-prime crisis and how the individual party’s action causes the others to step deeper into the problem. As define by investopedia, sub-prime is “a classification of borrowers with a tarnished or limited credit history. Lenders will use a credit scoring system to determine which loans a borrower may qualify for. Subprime loans carry more credit risk, and as such, will carry higher interest rates as well.” The US subprime mortgage crisis was the catalysis of the finical crisis and subsequently cause the recession that began in 2008. The cause of sub-prime crisis arise from sub-prime loans or also know as sub-prime mortgage, the growth of this loan started expanding during the 1990s and such load is popularly seen in auto (car) loans, home equity (housing loans) and mortgage lending. Sub-prime loans are higher-risk loans labeled “B”, “C” and D credits, where “D” being the “worst”, resulting in a higher interest rate, which also mean a higher risk to the lenders. But it seem not to be a hindering problem, from the point of view of the finical institute who lend out the money, which will be explained later in this essay. In...
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...Biofuels and the underlying causes of high food prices Alessandro Flammini October 2008 The development of this report was coordinated by Maria Michela Morese and Jonathan Reeves (Global Bioenergy Partnership Secretariat). The views expressed in this report reflect those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Global Bioenergy Partnership or those of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. For info: alessandro.flammini@fao.org ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank DDG Dried distillers grains DEFRA Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GHG Greenhouse Gas OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development PRC People’s Republic of China UAE United Arab Emirates US United States of America USDA Department of Agriculture of the United States WFP World Food Programme of the United Nations WTO World Trade Organization Table of contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................i BACKGROUND.....................................................................................1 THE CAUSES.......................................................................................4 THE CLIMATE ISSUE ......................................................................... 4 INTERNATIONAL STOCK LEVELS......................................................... 5 INCREASED GLOBAL FOOD...
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...to the growth in human populations. Global population growth is around 80 million annually, or 1.2% p.a. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1925 to 7 billion in 2012. It is expected to keep growing to reach 11 billion by the end of the century. Most of the growth occurs in the nations with the most poverty, showing the direct link between high population growth and low standards of living. The nations with high standards of living generally have low or zero rates of population growth. Australia's population growth is around 400,000 annually, or 1.8% p.a., which is nearly double the global average. It is caused mainly by very high immigration of around 200,000 p.a., the highest immigration rate in the world. Australia remains the only nation in the world with both high population growth and high standards of living. Population[1] | Years Passed | Year | Billion | - | 1800 | 1 | 127 | 1927 | 2 | 33 | 1960 | 3 | 14 | 1974 | 4 | 13 | 1987 | 5 | 12 | 1999 | 6 | 12 | 2011 | 7 | 14 | 2025* | 8 | 18 | 2043* | 9 | 40 | 2083* | 10 | * UNFPA United Nations Population Fund estimate 31.10.2011 | Contents [hide] * 1 Determinants of population growth * 2 Population growth rate * 3 Excessive growth and decline * 4 Human population growth rate * 5 Growth by country * 5.1 1960s to 2010 table of population growth * 6 Into the future * 7 See also * 8 References * 9 External links ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...worldwide abortion rate stalled between 2003 and 2008. • Between 1995 and 2003, the abortion rate (the number of abortions per 1,000 women of childbearing age—i.e., those aged 15–44) for the world overall dropped from 35 to 29. It remained virtually unchanged, at 28, in 2008. • Nearly half of all abortions worldwide are unsafe, and nearly all unsafe abortions (98%) occur in developing countries. In the developing world, 56% of all abortions are unsafe, compared with just 6% in the developed world. • The proportion of abortions worldwide that take place in the developing world increased between 1995 and 2008 from 78% to 86%, in part because the proportion of all women who live in the developing world increased during this period. • Since 2003, the number of abortions fell by 600,000 in the developed world but increased by 2.8 million in the developing world. In 2008, six million abortions were performed in developed countries and 38 million in developing countries, a disparity that largely reflects population distribution. • A woman’s likelihood of having an abortion is slightly elevated if she lives in a developing region. In 2008, there were 29 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44 years in developing countries, compared with 24 per 1,000 in the developed world. REGIONAL INCIDENCE AND TRENDS • The overall abortion rate in Africa, where the vast majority of abortions are illegal and unsafe, showed no decline between 2003 and 2008, holding at 29 abortions per 1,000 women of childbearing...
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...republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the w It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border with Brazil. The country also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (620 mi) west of the mainland. Ecuador straddles the equator, from which it takes its name, and has an area of 283,561 km2, 109,415 sq ml. Its capital city is Quito, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in the 1970s for having the best preserved and least altered historic center in Latin America. The country's largest city is Guayaquil. The historic center of Cuenca, the third largest city in the country, was also declared a World Heritage Site in 1999.. Ecuador is also home to a great variety of species, many of them endemic, like those of the Galápagos islands. This species diversity makes Ecuador one of the seventeen megadiverse countries in the world. Ecuador is a presidential republic and became independent in 1830, after having been part of the Spanish colonial empire and the republic of Gran Colombia. It is a medium-income country with an HDI score of 0.695 (2010), and about 35.1% of the people living below the poverty line. HISTORY Evidence of human cultures in Ecuador exists from c. 3500 B.C. Many civilizations rose throughout Ecuador, such as the Valdivia Culture and Machalilla Culture on the coast, the Quitus (near present day Quito)...
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...MOROCCO [pic] o Introduction & Facts (Flag/Map/Numbers) o History ♣ Ancient ♣ Modern o Political Environment ♣ Government ♣ Political Conditions ♣ Military o Economic Environment ♣ Economy ♣ GDP♣ FDI o Regulatory Environment o Technical Environment o Cultural Dimensions ♣ Social ♣ Business ♣ Religion ♣ Language o Business Environment ♣ SWOT Analysis ¬ Regional Conclusion: 1 page ¬ References Conclusion Sources Geographic/population: MOROCCO [pic] https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html The Location Morocco is in the north of Africa it is next to the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara. It is slightly larger than state of California (446,550sq. km, and 172,413 sq mi). The main cities are Rabat, Casablanca, Marrakech, fees, Meknes, and tangier. In a country like Morocco the expectation of a tourist view as in term of traveling sites are lots of mountains and deserts. The land is 19% Arable land, 2% permanent crops and 79% as other. Population/ethnicity As of 2009 the estimation of the population is 34,859,364 with an annual 20.96% birth rate/1000 population and a 5.45% death rate /1000 population. The ethnicity groups are 99% Arab –Berber, 2% Jewish and 0.7% as other. The main religion is 98.7% Muslim, 1% Christian and 2% Jewish. The wide spread...
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...critically reflect on what consequences these issues have on religious thinking. It is important to point out that Heidegger’s philosophy is extremely complex and he never completed his second half of his endeavour, hence a brief explication will not do his thinking justice but a complete explanation is outside the scope of this essay. Therefore, in this essay I will primarily focus on Heidegger’s five key concepts; i) the transience of reality, ii) human existence, iii) Being-in-the world, iv) objects and things and v) metaphysics and Being. The transience of reality This ‘transience of reality’ according to Heidegger reflects the idea that everything is “temporary and changeable” (RST3708 Study Guide 2008:59). Whereas modern subjectivism refers to the “attitude in terms of which the whole of reality is traced back to the subject” (RST3708 Study Guide 2008:58), Heidegger contends that reality exists before the subject can be identified, as written in the Study Guide (RST3708 Study Guide 2008:58), “reality as a mystery has already happened”. Heidegger claims that only once a comprehensive examination is made into Being, will there be space for a new revelation, a “postsubjectivist experience – of reality”...
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...Discussion Paper No. 2009/01 The Financial Crisis of 2008 and the Developing Countries Wim Naudé* January 2009 Abstract Following the financial crisis that broke in the US and other Western economies in late 2008, there is now serious concern about its impact on the developing countries. The world media almost daily reports scenarios of gloom and doom, with many predicting a deep global recession. This paper critically discusses this and concludes that as far as the developing countries are concerned, a bit more optimism may be warranted. Although without doubt there are particular countries that will be adversely affected, there will also be countries that may be less affected, may avoid recession, and may recover sooner than expected. Six major reasons for this conclusion are discussed. Without this resilience in the developing world, prospects for the world’s richer countries would be much bleaker. Finally, some options available to the developing countries for minimizing the impact of the crisis are discussed. The crisis accentuates the urgent need for accelerating financial development in developing countries, both through domestic financial deepening, domestic resource mobilization, and reform of the international financial system. Keywords: financial crisis, developing countries, development finance, financial development JEL classification: F34, F35, G14, O16 Copyright © UNU-WIDER 2009 * UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, Finland, email: wim@wider.unu.edu This study has been prepared...
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...World Food Prices: Causes and Consequences Alex F. McCalla Professor Emeritus, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California, USA 95616 (phone: 530-752-1529; fax 530-752-5614; e-mail: alex@primal.ucdavis.edu) INTRODUCTION It is a great honor to be invited to give the CAES Fellow’s Address in my home country, to give it on the 400th Anniversary of the founding of Quebec and to do it in Quebec City. The topic given me is current, topical and emotional. Food prices are always controversial, either too high for consumers or too low for farmers and often unstable. The paper is divided into four parts: the first places the current situation in historical context; the second identifies some competing explanations for high food prices; the third analyzes in more detail the Structural Change/Shock story; and the fourth notes the consequences, especially for Developing Countries. The paper closes with the big question - When the bubble breaks, will long run real prices be on a higher level with a stable or increasing trend or will we back to “Business as Usual” with real prices dropping down to the previous level and continuing their 150 year downward trend? THE CURRENT SITUATION IN HISTORICAL CONTEXT FAO’s price index of all foods in dollar terms has more than doubled since last three years of the 20th century, and the real food price index has increased by over sixty percent (Figure 1.). Between...
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...The Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya Lauder School of Government, Diplomacy and Strategy Argov Fellows Program in Leadership and Diplomacy Cultural Diplomacy: An Important but Neglected Tool in Promoting Israel’s Public Image Ronit Appel, Assaf Irony, Steven Schmerz, Ayela Ziv May 2008 Table of Contents 1. Introduction and Research Methodology Introduction……………………………………………………………………..3 Research Questions………………………………………………………..……4 Methodology………………………………………………………………..…..5 2. A Definition of Cultural Diplomacy and its Benefits Cultural Diplomacy: A Definition……………………………………….…….7 Benefits of Cultural Diplomacy – In General and Specifically for Israel……………………………………..8 Can the Benefits of Cultural Diplomacy be Measured?.................................................................................17 Examples of the Positive Effects of Cultural Diplomacy Programs…………………………………………18 French-German Relations: A Case Study of Successful Cultural Diplomacy………………………………21 3. Appreciation for Cultural Diplomacy in the United States and Europe The United States of America…………………………………………..……..25 Europe……………………………………………………………………..…..28 4. Cultural Development in Israel Israeli Culture……………………………………………………………….…31 Organizations in Israel Promoting Culture……………………………....……34 Governmental Support of the Promotion of Culture………………………….35 5. The Israeli Government’s Attitude Toward Cultural Diplomacy Does the Israeli Government Value Cultural 1 Diplomacy?.............
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...Group 7 Presents : | Tayto in Japan | Executive Summary For the analysis of bringing Tayto into Japan we used three different tools to analyze and conclude on three different levels. The PEST analysis analysed the country from more of a macro level. From this analysis we learned that the political system is similar to Irelands, but has experienced some recent turmoil. The economic situation is still very strong, but has been in a slow and pretty steady decline caused by the Asian financial crisis and the recession. We learned they are a typical high context culture with strict rules, and long decision times. As well they are a technologically advanced culture with good infrastructure. To look at the relation of our product in the market we used the diamond analysis. This showed that Japan has a great work force, and good access to relating and supporting industries. There is also an established demand for potato chips, but seems to be a gap in the market that Tayto could exploit. The SWOT took a much closer look at Tayto and determined that even though it has a strong presence in Ireland and the UK it is still not a huge global player. It also pointed out some cost cutting opportunities, via FDI and further emphasised the large population as an opportunity for Tayto it also made clear that competition in the snack industry is everywhere, and the costs of setting up a business via FDI could be very high. Finally we drew the conclusion that given all the positive and...
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...head upward. Following a downward movement first quarter 2008 by -0.25 %, hitting bottom second quarter 2009 before making a comeback ending the first quarter 2010 at a positive 4.22% from the previous year. Canada started the second quarter 2007 at 2.19%, staying on the positive side before falling with the other countries in the fourth quarter 2008, hitting there bottom during the during the middle 2009, ending the first quarter 2010 at 2.21% which is still below where they were in 2007. The United States and United Kingdom both had an increase in output and growth between 2007 and 2008 before being effected by the economic recession between 2008 and 2009. This was the period when the economic weakness had the maximum effect on all four countries (International Economic Trends). In terms of dollar amounts from 2007 thru first quarter 2010 the four countries real data is, United States $14.55 trillion in 2007, $14.61 trillion in 2008, $14.26 trillion in 2009, and $14.75 trillion in 2010. The Real GDP for Canada $1,235 billion 2007, $1,240 billion 2008, $1,185 billion 2009, and $1,215 billion 2010: The real GDP for Japan $4.4 trillion 2007, $ 4.37 trillion 2008, $4.14 trillion 2009, $4.51 trillion 2010. The real GDP for United Kingdom $2.25 trillion in 2007 $2.26 trillion in 2008, $2.15 trillion 2009 and $2.18 trillion in 2010 (the world fact book). Every country had a fall in the output and growth between 2008 and 2009, after 2009 to the present all four countries...
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...2010834506 GROUP : JBM114 6A DUE DATE : 21st DECEMBER 2012 ECONOMY ANALYSIS 1.0 WORLD ECONOMY The world economy can be evaluated in various ways, depending on the model used, and this valuation can then be represented in various ways. It is inseparable from the geography and ecology of Earth, and is therefore somewhat of a misnomer, since, while definitions and representations of the "world economy" vary widely, they must at a minimum exclude any consideration of resources or value based outside of the Earth. For example, while attempts could be made to calculate the value of currently unexploited mining opportunities in unclaimed territory in Antarctica, the same opportunities on Mars would not be considered a part of the world economy – even if currently exploited in some way – and could be considered of latent value only in the same way as uncreated intellectual property, such as a previously unconceived invention. It is common to limit questions of the world economy exclusively to human economic activity, and the world economy is typically judged in monetary terms, even in cases in which there is no efficient market to help valuate certain goods or services, or in cases in which a lack of independent research or government cooperation makes establishing figures difficult. Typical examples are illegal drugs and other black market goods, which by any standard are a part of the world economy, but for which there is by definition no legal market of any kind. 2.0 DEVELOPED...
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