...Decline Value of the U.S. Dollar For more than sixty years the United States dollar has been the central reserve currency for the world. A reserve currency, also referred to as an anchor currency, is a currency that is held in significant quantities by governments and institutions as part of their foreign exchange reserves (Carbaugh, 2011). As the world’s reserve currency, the U.S. dollar is used throughout the world as a medium of exchange and is used as the global currency for products traded within the global market. In recent years the status of the U.S. dollar has been contested by a select few around the world. Leaders are unconvinced about the future of the United States economy as their deficits are exceeding record highs. The following analysis will discuss the history of the world reserve currency, how the U.S. dollar became the controlling currency and the benefits the U.S. has experienced as a result of having the controlling currency. Presenting analysis will also discuss the cause of mounting concerns over the future of the United States as well as the effects if the dollar was to lose its status as the world’s reserve currency. Finally, alternatives for the dollar will be evaluated as well as what the United States can do to maintain the standing of the dollar. History of World Reserve Currency During the 1800’s and the first half of the 1900’s the British Pound served as the foremost world reserve currency. Due to WWII Great Britain accrued a high amount of debt...
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...monitors and can improve a company’s success. These conditions may adversely affect consumers, mortgages, investments, investment banking, etc. The following financial analysis is based on comparisons for 2010 balance statements (entire year) for Bank of America, and Wells Fargo, and JPMorgan and Chase Co. Bank of America is one of the world's largest financial institutions, serving individual consumers, small-and middle-market businesses, and large corporations with a full range of banking, investing, asset management and other financial and risk management products and services. The company provides unmatched convenience in the United States, serving approximately 58 million consumer and small business relationships with approximately 5,700 retail banking offices and approximately 17,800 ATMs and award-winning online banking with 30 million active users. Bank of America is among the world's leading wealth management companies and is a global leader in corporate and investment banking and trading across a broad range of asset classes, serving corporations, governments, institutions, and individuals around the world. Bank of America offers industry-leading support to approximately four million small business owners through a suite of innovative, easy-to-use online products and services. The company serves clients through operations in more than 40 countries. Bank of America Corporation stock (NYSE: BAC) is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and is listed on...
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...current CEO and chairman of JP Morgan Chase & Co, the second largest bank in the United States by assets. previously served as a Class A director of the Board of Directors of the New York Federal Reserve He is known for his detailed operational expertise and blunt mouth. While the recent financial collapse took down several investment banks, Jamie Dimon has managed to avoid the same fate for JP Morgan Chase & Co., speaking volumes of his leadership. 2007 Dimon was named to Time magazine's 2006, 2008, 2009, and 2011 lists of the world's 100 most influential people. He was also named to Institutional Investor's Best CEOs list in the All-America Executive Team Survey from 2008 through 2011. He was named the CEO of the Year in 2011.He received a $23 million pay package for fiscal year 2011, more than any other bank CEO in the United States 1. Have an attitude of openness to learning . Building your personal brand How you deal with failure will determine your success http://www.leadership-with-you.com/jamie-dimon-leadership.html Donald John Trump, Sr. (born June 14, 1946) is an American real-estate mogul, television personality and author. He is the chairman and president of The Trump Organization and the founder of Trump Entertainment Resorts. Trump's extravagant lifestyle, outspoken manner and role on the NBC reality show The Apprentice have made him a well-known celebrity who was No. 17 on the 2011 Forbes Celebrity 100 list. He is well-known as a real-estate developer...
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...diversified financial services company providing banking, insurance, investments, mortgage, and consumer and commercial finance through more than 10,000 stores and 12,000 ATMs and the Internet across North America and internationally. They are headquartered in San Francisco; however, they’re decentralized so every local Wells Fargo store is a headquarters for satisfying all their customers’ financial needs. This has led to a large customer base, which Wells estimates that one in three households in America does business with them. Wells Fargo has $1.2 trillion in assets and more than 278,000 team members across their 80+ businesses. They ranked fourth in assets, and third in market value of their stock among their U.S. peers as of March 31, 2010 ("Wellsfargo.com," 2010). Wells Fargo’s company vision is stated as, “We want to satisfy all our customers’ financial needs, help them succeed financially, be the premier provider of financial services in every one of our markets, and be known as one of America’s great companies.” This statement has led them to have an outstanding reputation in the community. They have been recognized in the following publications: FORTUNE 19th in Revenue among All Companies in All Industries (2010), World’s 39th Most Admired Company (2010), Forbes One of America’s Best Big Companies (2008), Top 100 Best Companies in the World (2010), Barron’s World’s 50 Most Respected Companies (2010), BusinessWeek Best Places to Launch a Career (2009), America’s #2 Most Generous...
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...Capital 10 Goldman Sachs 2011 Annual Report For Prada, the time had come to capitalize on the power of a global brand In 2010, Prada, one of the world’s most recognizable fashion brands, knew it was time to go public, and that the place to do it was Hong Kong. The reason for choosing Hong Kong was simple: Asia, with its fast-growing economies, had become Prada’s biggest growth market. By 2010, Asia had rivaled Europe and had outpaced North America, accounting for 43 percent of Prada’s annual sales. With Goldman Sachs’ London investment banking team working with the family-owned company, Prada began preparing to go public in 2007. Postponed by the global financial crisis, the IPO was moving forward again in 2011, with Goldman Sachs as lead underwriter. As the IPO approached, work on the complex transaction stretched across continents and disciplines. While our London team worked with the company on capital markets strategy, our Hong Kong investment banking team took responsibility for deal execution. In marketing the offering worldwide, Goldman Sachs helped Prada present its story to more than 250 leading investors. The IPO raised $2.5 billion. It was the largest consumer goods IPO ever in Hong Kong, and the largest IPO to date of any global luxury brand. The offering enabled Prada to reduce its debt while funding future growth across China and the rest of Asia. By 2015, China alone is estimated to comprise 20 percent of the world’s luxury goods market. Prada is now...
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...Investment Banking Ethical Behavior Would you entrust your money to someone you thought was unethical? Would you risk heavy fines and possible jail time for skimming funds from a client? People who work in finance are placed in a fiduciary position of trust; first, by their employers, but more importantly, by members of the general public, over whose assets they are given control. Their daily business is directly working with other people's money, or doing other things that affect the public's investment decisions, and if they are unethical people, their clients, and the public, are at high risk for being cheated. Finance workers are entitled to reasonable fees for their services, but they are not entitled to engage in investment activity solely to generate more commissions for self, or engage in any other self-dealing while they are doing their jobs on behalf of their clients. Given the many scandals of recent years, many companies have done their best to publicize their codes of ethics, and to acknowledge their responsibility to the public. These firms know that public confidence in their finance people matters a great deal, and unethical behavior on the part of a firm means that people will stay away from that firm, and they may stay away from all the others as well. That is why ethics are not merely relevant. On the contrary, they're vital to the existence of the industry. Good ethical behavior is not an optional. While researching the ethical behavior of the top...
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...mortgages, credit cards, insurance, and investment services to consumers and business client. • Wells Fargo has been in business since 1852. • Their first office opened in San Francisco during the gold rush. • The stage coach was used to transport gold and other valuables. • Wells Fargo helped establish the Great Overland Mail service continuing to use the stagecoach but also adding steam ship, rail road, pony rider, and telegraph. • From their humble beginnings they expanded from California to the rest of the nation. CORE PRODUCT BANKING MORTGAGE CREDIT INSURANCE INVESTMENTS • • • • • • Online ATM Business Wholesale Government and Institutional • • Home equity Mortgage • • • Debit & consumer credit card • Personal credit management • Auto dealer service Education financial service • Well Fargo insurance Rural community insurance service • • • • • Retail brokerage Wealth management Retirement Norwest equity & venture partners Lowry hill Capital markets VISION “We want to satisfy all our customers’ financial needs and help them succeed financially” MISSION “Our Product: SERVICE. Our value-added: FINANCIAL ADVICE. Our competitive advantage: OUR PEOPLE” EXTERNAL OPPURTUNITIES & THREATS WELLS FARGO OPPURTUNITIES Historically Low Rates • Dividend increased to $0.34 per share • Securities Emerging Markets Acquisitions • Wachovia Acquisition THREATS Competition • • Bank of America Citigroup • The interest...
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...The firm is focused on increasing customer satisfaction, matching client needs, and developing customer loyalty offering services to individuals, families, small businesses and large corporations. In regards to the firm’s corporate level strategy, BNP Paribas has three highly diversified business units; Retail-banking, Corporate & Investment Banking and Investment Solutions. Retail-banking is the largest. It constitutes 45% of their revenues and employs 59% of their 200,000+ employees. It includes personal savings/checking accounts, online banking, etc. The main needs of clients satisfied by this division are guarding their money with a competitive interest rate, providing them with credit, managing investment portfolios and retirement funds etc. Corporate & Investment Banking includes six divisions. This unit targets corporations seeking advice on a range of financial objectives such as public offerings, mergers and acquisitions and hedging risk. Their corporate or investment banking divisions satisfy the needs of companies of various sizes such as providing them with equity, hedging exposure to credit risks, managing their investment portfolios...
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...Spain Spain officially the Kingdom of Spain is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 505,992 square kilometres (195,365 sq mi), it is the fourth largest country in Europe. Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a developed country with the twelfth largest economy in the world by nominal GDP, and very high living standards, including the tenth-highest quality of life index rating in the world, as of 2005. It is a member of the United Nations, NATO, OECD, and WTO. Foreign relations Main article: Foreign relations of Spain After the return of democracy following the death of Franco in 1975, Spain's foreign policy priorities were to break out of the diplomatic isolation of the Franco years and expand diplomatic relations, enter...
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...An Overview of the Malaysian Banking Sector FINA0501 ASIAN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS TERM PAPER LEE JUNHONG, JEREMY 2010540826 I. Introduction Malaysia has been an important player in the Asian economy since the early days of independence, and even before that, as a British protectorate. It is currently the third largest economy in Southeast Asia, and is the 28th largest economy in the world in terms of purchasing power parity according to the World Bank. Malaysia has also successfully diversified its role by focusing her economy on both the traditional sphere of primary agricultural produce as well as being a hub for light manufacturing in consumer durables and electronics. Strong economic planning and farsighted vision by both the government and central bank has been instrumental in maintaining a strong growth rate of her economy; her combined year on year growth since independence in 1957 has averaged 6.6%, which is no doubt a stellar record and one of the highest in Asia. The financial institutions and their functions have been instrumental in this success, and this paper will strive to highlight the strengths and weaknesses, as well as a general overview of the Malaysian banking sector. I. Historical background The earliest beginnings of the banking sector in Malaysia dates back to the early 19th Century under British influence and the expatriate (mainly British) merchant communities. The Straits Settlements comprising of Singapore, Malacca and Penang were administered...
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...strengths and traditions of their two parent companies, CIBC and BNY Mellon. With these two companies combined expertise, they were able to provide a unique advantage of delivering intelligent solutions that are global in scale, and provide superior value. CIBC Mellon states that they have a shared history and timeline ranging from 1867 to the present. This timeline begins in 1867 when the Canadian Bank of Commerce was established in Canada by the Honorable William McMaster, a prominent Toronto businessman and philanthropist. According to CIBC Mellon in 1869, Mellon Bank was established by Thomas Mellon, a well-known Pittsburgh lawyer and jurist. Over the years, Mellon established itself as one of the world’s top providers of financial services. In 1875, the Imperial Bank of Canada was established by Henry Stark Howland who was previously the vice-president of The Canadian Bank of Commerce. In 1961, The Canadian Bank of Commerce and the Imperial Bank of Canada merged to form the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC). The transaction remains the largest merger of two chartered banks in Canadian history. In 1991, The R-M Trust Company was formed by Mellon and others in Canada and which provided transfer agency, corporate trust, and other trust services to corporate clients. In 1996, CIBC joined forces with Mellon to form a fifty-fifty jointly-owned company named CIBC Mellon Global Securities Services Company which offers asset servicing solutions to institutional investors. CIBC...
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...Scotiabank is one of the world’s most popular banks in North America and is located in Canada, Halifax. Founded in 1832, Scotiabank came to be the second largest bank in Canada. A year after its development, Scotiabank paid out its first dividend to shareholders. Having marked the method in history, it was carried out through the golden era to the modern era and is yet continued to this day. Scotiabank provides innovative financial products and services to individual customers, small/medium sized business, corporations and governments across the world. Scotiabank operates in North America, Europe, Middle East, Asia and South America and has relationships with selected countries. Scotiabank is ranked as the leading financial provider of financial services. The bank consumes over $250 billion worth of assets, has 720 branches and organizes 50,000 employees in 50 countries worldwide. Scotiabank conducts through domestic banking, wealth management, Scotia Capital, and international banking. All of which are connected to their customers in different ways, from serving through networks, accounts to using an automated banking machine. Scotiabank is most popular for its massive selection of 60 mutual funds and managed portfolios to help investors accomplish their goals. More importantly Scotiabank mutual funds are sold by a commercial bank that competes with other banks in Canada such as TD Bank, Bank of Montreal and the Royal Bank of Canada. All three banks offer mutual funds regarding...
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...Chanda Kochhar (born 17 November 1961) is the managing director (MD) of ICICI Bank and its chief executive officer (CEO). ICICI Bank is India's largest private bank and overall second largest bank in the country. She also heads the Corporate Centre of ICICI Bank. Kochhar was born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan and raised in Jaipur, Rajasthan. She is an alumnus of St. Angela Sophia School, Jaipur. She then moved to Mumbai, where she joined Jai Hind College for a Bachelor of Arts degree. After graduating in 1982 she then pursued Cost Accountancy ICWAI, Later, she acquired the Masters Degree in Management Studies from Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai. She received the Wockhardt Gold Medal for Excellence in Management Studies as well as the J. N. Bose Gold Medal in Cost Accountancy for highest marks in the same year.[3] Kochhar resides in Mumbai, and is married to Deepak Kochhar, a wind energy entrepreneur and her Business schoolmate. She has two children, a son and a daughter. She was excellent in studies. In 1984, Kochhar joined the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Ltd. (ICICI). as a management trainee after her Master's degree. In her early years in ICICI, she handled Project Appraisal and Monitoring and projects in various industries like Textile, Paper and Cement. In 1993, Kochhar was sent to ICICI bank as part of a core team to set the bank. She was promoted to Assistant General Manager in 1994 and then to Deputy General Manager in 1996...
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...this research 4 Key findings 5 I. Introduction: a North-South role reversal 6 II. A hopeful decade: Africa’s changing image 8 III. Barriers to investment 11 IV. The new investment case for Africa 15 V. Investor perceptions versus market reality in key markets 18 Conclusion 20 Appendix: survey results 21 1 © Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2012 Into Africa Institutional investor intentions to 2016 Foreword Africa is no longer a leap of faith Even well informed observers have written off Africa as riven by war, corruption and poverty, but since the emergence of China and India as economic growth engines, many are now asking whether this continent of one billion people can also achieve its own “economic miracle” . These are still early days but there is no doubting the promising signs, politically and economically. At a time of huge change, societies are showing that they can adapt, on the whole, peacefully. In the last year, Nigeria, Tunisia, Zambia and Rwanda have held elections hailed as free and fair by international observers, while a referendum created the new nation of South Sudan. Along with greater political stability, has come policy continuity and improved governance -- prerequisites for attracting the long-term investment to generate sustainable economic development. As this report shows, many global institutional investors are now seriously intending to take a significant step...
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...International Economics The German Economy 10th of December 2015 Groupmembers: Con Brunissandre Baitzouroff Pawel Fedko Ha Pham Thai 1 Morenikeji Aina-Badejo Atiwat Hongupathamchai Table of Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 4 2. The Structure of German Economy…………………………………………………….. 5 2.1 Import, Export and Trading Partners…………………………………………………………….. 5 2.2 Germany’s Main Economic Sector – The Automotive Industry…………………….. 8 3. The Global Financial Crisis and its effects on Germany……………………….. 9 3.1 What are the origins of the 2008 financial crisis?............................................. 9 3.2 The financial crisis plunged Germany in an economic crisis………………………….11 3.3 Government’s Action to Combat Crisis ………………………………………………………. 16 4. Future Challenges and Outlook for Germany…………………………………...19 5. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….21 6. References……………………………………………………………………………………….22 2 Executive Summary This report provides a concise summary of Germany’s main economic features. It starts off by describing the key sectors and trade patterns that make up German economy. From there, it will further examine how one of the strongest economy in the world was affected by the global financial crisis in 2009, and critically analyze the extensive use of policies used by the German government to counter the crisis. The report will conclude by looking at Germany’s long term key challenges and the prospect...
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