...Total Cost of Ownership Get Tough on the Costs of Serv ices Toolkit – Suppliers 6 COST CUTTING CASE STUDY Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 7 WIRED AND GLOBAL The Internet Globalization Toolkit – Wired and Global 8 LATERAL THINKING Indirect Cost Generators Let the Customers Do the Work Cost into Rev enue Toolkit – Lateral Thinking 9 COST MANAGEMENT AS STRATEGY Deliv ering Value v ia Acquisitions Underpinning Pricing Strategies Discov ering More New Growth Opportunities Creating an Ef f ectiv e Center in a Large Corporation Toolkit – Cost Management as Strategy 10 COST IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR The Size of the Problem What Constitutes Public Spending? Why Managing Public-Sector Cost Is Tough Y es, It’s...
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...Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions The Copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyright material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction not be "used for any purposes other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. How to Say Nothing in 500 Words Paul Roberts Paul Roberts (1917-1967) was a linguist, a teacher, and a writer at San Jose State College from 1946 to 1960 and at Cornell University from 1962 to 1964. His books on writing, including English Syntax (1954) and Patterns of English (1956), have helped generations of high school and college students become better writers. "How to Say Nothing in 500 Words" is taken from his best-known book, Understanding English (1958). Although written almost fifty years ago, the essay is still relevant for student writers today. Good writing, Roberts tells us, is not simply a matter of filling up a page; rather, the words have to hold the reader's interest, and they must say something. In this essay, Roberts uses lively prose and a step-by-step process to guide the student from the blank page to the finished essay...
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...très simple : c’est un énoncé qui comporte plus d’une relation prédicative, c'est-à-dire + d’un prédicat (verbe+compléments). Relation prédicative = relation Sujet / Prédicat (hors détermination) ⇒ dès l’instant où vous avez plusieurs verbes dans un énoncé, c’est qu’il s’agit d’un énoncé complexe. Il faudra donc prendre l’habitude de retrouver les relations prédicatives imbriquées, reliées dans l’énoncé complexe : souligner les verbes, chercher leur sujet.. Petit corpus d’exemples de base: a) I enjoy walking barefoot in the grass (/I enjoy films) 2 relations prédicatives: + < I / walk barefoot in the grass > b) I expect him to arrive at 5. c) He thought that (Ø) he could walk on water. d) My brother who lives in Canada is bald. e) He’s a cop, but he isn’t a bastard. f) If he’d killed him, he would be in jail now. La question, bien sûr, est de comprendre ce qui distingue une suite de 2 énoncés simples d’un énoncé complexe. Par exemple qu’est-ce qui distingue l’énoncé e) ci-dessus de la suite : He’s a cop. He isn’t a bastard. Ou l’énoncé d) du suivant: My brother lives in Canada. He’s bald. Au niveau du sens: même représentation ? Au niveau syntaxique : on passe de la parataxe (mis à côté) à l’hypotaxe (mis en dessous) : deux énoncés indépendants peuvent être juxtaposés, ou bien mis dans une relation de dépendance. 1 ALA LG 601 Grammaire Linguistique Martine SEKALI Dans un énoncé complexe, les relations prédicatives sont liées, connectées, imbriquées pour former une sorte...
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...grammerFrench Grammar and Usage French Grammar and Usage Second edition Roger Hawkins Senior Lecturer in Language and Linguistics, University of Essex Richard Towell Professor of French Applied Linguistics, University of Salford NATIVE SPEAKER CONSULTANT Marie-Noëlle Lamy Senior Lecturer, Open University A member of the Hodder Headline Group LONDON Contents Guide for the user Glossary of key grammatical terms Acknowledgements Acknowledgements for the second edition xi xiv xx xxi 1 Nouns 1.1 Types of noun 1.2 Gender 1.3 Number 2 Determiners 2.1 Articles 2.2 Typical use of the definite article 2.3 Typical use of the indefinite article 2.4 The partitive article: du, de l', de la, des 2.5 Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms ne... pas, ne... jamais, ne... plus, ne... guère 2.6 Omission of the article 2.7 Demonstrative determiners 2.8 Possessive determiners 3 Personal and impersonal pronouns 3.1 Subject pronouns 3.2 Object pronouns 3.3 Stressed pronouns 3.4 Demonstrative pronouns 3.5 Possessive pronouns 4 Adjectives 4.1 Adjectives modifying the noun 4.2 Adjectives which follow verbs or verbal expressions 4.3 Adjectives with complements 4.4 Indefinite and negative noun phrases with adjective complements 4.5 Adjectives used as nouns 4.6 Adjectives used as adverbs 4.7 Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives 4.8 Plural forms of adjectives 4.9 Adjective agreement with nouns 1 1 5 17 23 23 24 29 32 33 34 37 39 40 40 53 71 75...
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...ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/t/tolstoy/leo/t65h/complete.html 1/124 6/16/12 Hadji Murad / Leo Tolstoy This web edition published by eBooks@Adelaide. Rendered into HTML by Steve Thomas. Last updated Sun Aug 29 19:45:31 2010. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/au/). You are free: to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, and to make derivative works under the following conditions: you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the licensor; you may not use this work for commercial purposes; if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the licensor. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. eBooks@Adelaide The University of Adelaide Library University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/t/tolstoy/leo/t65h/complete.html 2/124 6/16/12 Hadji Murad / Leo Tolstoy TABLE OF CONT ENT S Chapter I Chapter II Chapter III Chapter IV Chapter V Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter VIII Chapter IX Chapter X Chapter XI Chapter XII Chapter XIII Chapter XIV Chapter XV Chapter XVI Chapter XVII Chapter XVIII Chapter XIX Chapter XX Chapter XXI Chapter XXII ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/t/tolstoy/leo/t65h/complete...
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...Easy French STEP-BY-STEP Master High-Frequency Grammar for French Proficiency—FAST! Myrna Bell Rochester New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-164221-7 MHID: 0-07-164221-8 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-145387-5, MHID: 0-07-145387-3. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of...
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...Programs in Social-Organizational Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University “Beyond Change Management is a must-read for today’s C-Suite executives and those who lead organizational change. Change is a fact of life in all successful businesses. Based on this breakthrough construct, we now view our approach to transformational change as a strategic advantage. It is a way of thinking and organizing each critical systemwide initiative for our healthcare system.” —Alan Yordy, president and chief mission officer, PeaceHealth “While the first editions were excellent to begin with, these enhanced second editions of Beyond Change Management and The Change Leader’s Roadmap are even better with age. The additional years of exp erience deep en t he author’s...
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...In memory of Amos Tversky Contents Introduction Part I. Two Systems 1. The Characters of the Story 2. Attention and Effort 3. The Lazy Controller 4. The Associative Machine 5. Cognitive Ease 6. Norms, Surprises, and Causes 7. A Machine for Jumping to Conclusions 8. How Judgments Happen 9. Answering an Easier Question Part II. Heuristics and Biases 10. The Law of Small Numbers 11. Anchors 12. The Science of Availability 13. Availability, Emotion, and Risk 14. Tom W’s Specialty 15. Linda: Less is More 16. Causes Trump Statistics 17. Regression to the Mean 18. Taming Intuitive Predictions Part III. Overconfidence 19. The Illusion of Understanding 20. The Illusion of Validity 21. Intuitions Vs. Formulas 22. Expert Intuition: When Can We Trust It? 23. The Outside View 24. The Engine of Capitalism Part IV. Choices 25. Bernoulli’s Errors 26. Prospect Theory 27. The Endowment Effect 28. Bad Events 29. The Fourfold Pattern 30. Rare Events 31. Risk Policies 32. Keeping Score 33. Reversals 34. Frames and Reality Part V. Two Selves 35. Two Selves 36. Life as a Story 37. Experienced Well-Being 38. Thinking About Life Conclusions Appendix Uncertainty A: Judgment Under Appendix B: Choices, Values, and Frames Acknowledgments Notes Index Introduction Every author, I suppose, has in mind a setting in which readers of his or her work could benefit from having read it. Mine is the proverbial office watercooler, where opinions are shared and gossip is exchanged. I...
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...Mojsin, M.A. Director, Accurate English, Inc. Los Angeles, CA Acknowledgments This book is dedicated to my accent reduction students who came to the United States from all parts of the globe. Their drive to excel, passion for learning, amazing work ethic, and belief in the American dream have inspired me to write this book. In the words of Henry David Thoreau, “Go confidently in the direction of your dreams. Live the life you have imagined.” Thanks to all of the supportive and extremely professional people at Barron’s: Dimitry Popow, my editor; Wayne Barr for seeking me out to write this book; and Veronica Douglas for her support. I am enormously grateful to Lou Savage, “The Voice.” His is the beautiful male voice on the recordings. He was also responsible for all of the expert audio engineering and audio editing. Thank you, Lou, for being such a perfectionist with the sound and insisting on fixing the audio “mistakes” I couldn’t hear anyway. I am also grateful for the contributions of Maryam Meghan, Jack Cumming, Katarina Matolek, Mauricio Sanchez, Sabrina Stoll, Sonya Kahn, Jennie Lo, Yvette Basica, Marc Basica, and Laura Tien. © Copyright 2009 by Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means without the written permission of the copyright owner. Address all inquiries to: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc. 250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, NY 11788 www.barronseduc.com ISBN-13:...
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...Writing essays in French 1 1.1 Introduction Presenting the theme Origins of the problem Il y a quelques jours... - A few days ago... Depuis un certain temps... - For some time now... On parle beaucoup en ce moment de... - There is a lot of talk at the moment about... On entend souvent dire que... - It is often said that... Les récents événements de X ont mis en évidence Y - The recent events of X have highlighted Y Un problème dont il est souvent question est celui de... - A problem that often arises is that of... Tout le monde s’accorde à penser que... - Everyone agrees that... Il est généralement admis que... - It is generally agreed that... Il est bien connu que... - It is well known that... Nous vivons dans un monde où... - We live in a world where... De nos jours... - Nowadays... The question that arises Il convient donc d’examiner... We should therefore examine... La question est donc de savoir... The question therefore is... Quand se décidera-t-on à faire... When will it be decided to... Quelles vont être les conséquences de ... - What will the consequences be of ... Est-ce vraiment la solution à... - Is this really the solution to... Est-il vrai que... - Is it true that... Peut-on accepter que... - Is it acceptable for... Il est généralement admis que la télévision peut avoir une mauvaise influence sur les adolescents. […] Il convient donc d’examiner les relations entre la délinquance juvénile et la violence sur nos écrans. It is generally agreed that television...
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...general consumer goods. In other words, the object is to distill the rules and principles of success strategies for l uxury brands as well as to derive a busi ness m odel for success. Showing that the current rise of Louis V uitton is not a coincidence but rath er so mething ach ieved th rough strat egy will su rely b e of in terest to firm s struggling with lack of brand power or those looking to boost brand power. Key words: luxury brand, brand management, Louis Vuitton. 1. Introduction Consumers like brand items, while researchers like brand theory. Although scholars also use the word “brand” to refer to the likes of Coca-Cola and McDonald’s, there is a vast gulf between these brands and the luxury brands we e xplored i n t he p revious b ook. I n researchers’ brand m anagement theories, one r arely fi nds m ention o f representative luxury brands like Louis Vuitton or Dior, or of LVMH. Based on this awareness, we carefully scrutinized the ecology of the unique LVMH firm, considering the nature of the brand as distinct from commodity markets, although small in scale [1]. This time let us fo cus on th e grand champion of the LVMH empire: the Louis Vuitton brand. By syst ematically breaking down the strategy of the single Louis Vuitton luxury brand into the four Ps (Product, Price, Place, an d Promotion), our aim of this study is to extract the rules or principles of its brand marketing that differ from that of general consumer goods. In...
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...International Journal of Business and Management; Vol. 10, No. 1; 2015 ISSN 1833-3850 E-ISSN 1833-8119 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Agency Problem: Measures for Its Overcoming Meri Boshkoska1 1 Faculty Economics-Prilep, Republic of Macedonia Correspondence: Meri Boshkoska, Faculty of Economics-Prilep, Republic of Macedonia. E-mail: meribb@yahoo.com Received: September 19, 2014 Accepted: November 4, 2014 Online Published: December 20, 2014 doi:10.5539/ijbm.v10n1p204 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n1p204 Abstract As the corporative company type emerged, the two functions of ownership and management are separated. In the companies with a large number of employees the managers are the ones that manage the capital in the best interest of the shareholders. In this type of companies, conflict of interest may occur between the managers and the shareholders. Having more information about the work of the company, managers may use it in making decisions for their own benefit, which on the other hand cannot be as beneficial for the shareholders. Conflict of interest between managers and shareholders leads to so-called agency problem. There are different ways by which shareholders can control the operations of management. Some of the measures that can be used to resolve and prevent this problem are subject of analysis in this paper. Keywords: management, ownership, shareholders, conflict of interest, asymmetrical...
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...B R IN F IENDL RA The n e w UB LIC A TIO N Active 8 Language Games e who… Find someon Desert Island Birthday Pre sents k News 10 o’cloc Ele In me ter nt me ary dia to te+ S Y Brain friendly Publications P Film Festival Fun with pronunciation On the ph one A nigh t on th e town Mark Fletcher e re e y f urc op so toc g Re o Ph hin ac Te Introduction Active 8 is designed for teachers with limited preparation time who want to provide lively, motivating language skills lessons to introduce different games to stimulate conversation at a Lower Intermediate level. ™ Active 8 by Mark Fletcher Illustrated by Mark Fletcher Copyright © English Experience Telephone/Fax: (44) 1303 238880 E-Mail: brainfriendlypubs@dial.pipex.com Website: www.brainfriendly.co.uk ISBN 1 898295 02 6 PRINTED BY HYTHE PRINTERS LTD., HYTHE , KENT Conditions of sale permit the photocopying / printing of these masters for student use. It is not permitted to subsequently use copies to generate further copies for resale. ACTIVE 8 CONTENTS 1a-b Find someone who....... Class and individuals. A market research activity. Very flexible. Practices different tenses and SHORT FORM ANSWERS. 2 a - b - c Desert Island Small groups. Explorer groups making a map. Information exchange. Practices “DO YOU KNOW WHERE..?” and REQUESTS. 3a-b Birthday presents Individuals or small groups. Looking for the best buys in 4 shops. Practices COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES...
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...Article « Analyse de la trajectoire historique de la monnaie électronique » Marc Lacoursière Les Cahiers de droit, vol. 48, n° 3, 2007, p. 373-448. Pour citer cet article, utiliser l'information suivante : URI: http://id.erudit.org/iderudit/043936ar DOI: 10.7202/043936ar Note : les règles d'écriture des références bibliographiques peuvent varier selon les différents domaines du savoir. Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d'auteur. L'utilisation des services d'Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d'utilisation que vous pouvez consulter à l'URI http://www.erudit.org/apropos/utilisation.html Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l'Université de Montréal, l'Université Laval et l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. Érudit offre des services d'édition numérique de documents scientifiques depuis 1998. Pour communiquer avec les responsables d'Érudit : erudit@umontreal.ca Document téléchargé le 30 janvier 2014 01:23 analyse de la trajectoire historique de la monnaie électronique Marc « l a C o u rsiè re Le développement de l’argent et des mécanismes de paiement est d’abord apparu par la création du troc, lequel a engendré la monnaie métallique, qui a donné naissance à la monnaie papier pour être graduellement remplacée par la monnaie électronique. À chacune de ces étapes, le degré d’acceptation de la monnaie est tributaire...
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