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Theology

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1. Discuss the meaning of the Hebrew Tetragrammaton, YHWH. What think you of the Greek translation of the divine Name in the LXX, from which we get “I AM WHO AM?”

The Hebrew Tetragrammaton is a 4 letter word YHWH * English translation of YHWH is God of Israel * What the Hebrews called their God * The name was derived when God reveals himself to Moses * YHWH = ill be there for you i. Cannot name God without naming US name of God includes human beings ii. On midterm be enthusiastic and explicitly say that they cannot name God without naming US iii. God refuses to be without his people * LXX translation (the old testament) - The Septuagint was when 70 Jews translated the bible into Greek * YHWH “I am who am” (greek translation / philosophers translation)

2. Discuss the new understandings of YHWH as the God of the Prophets and YHWH as the God of Apocalyptic.

God of the Prophets is YHWH * The Prophets are a mouth piece for God * The Prophets tell them to love their neighbor, do good to those who good to you, “ill be there for you” * Personal existence comes from the God of the Prohets * Freedom leads us to be ethically responsible and morally responsible

God of Apocalyptic * The God who promises the dead will rise * The Kingdom of God is a nice way of speaking about God very close to “ill be there for you” * Jesus Christ called God the Kingdom of God (includes us in meaning with YHWH) * When the Kingdom of God happens it brings about the resurrection of the dead * The world turned Greek in the 4th century BC b/c of Alexander the Great * The Apocalypitcs look towards the future not history * God is considered the future of the world to the Apocalypitcs (even though he was the first) the future is God with US (this is what Jesus called the Kingdom of God)

3. Discuss the cultural evolution of the human race from the emergence of language and law unto the “Axial Age” and the contemporary axial phenomenon, historical consciousness. How did the Greeks and the Hebrews understand the newly discovered self of the Axial age. Given historical consciousness, how do we understand human freedom and its absence?

* Began with the emergence of language * We are linguistic animals * When you’re thinking you are talking to yourself * There is nothing in the mind which is not first in the senses * Language allows us to talk to others and talk to ourselves * Hebrews laws were the 10 commandments * You embrace the value of life (we do not base our morality on our commitment to the 10 commandments but we learn from them and embrace the values) * The axial age is the millennium (1000yrs) before Christ * What do we learn from the Hebrews and the Greeks * Greeks - The self is reason * Hebrews – the self is desire (whatever the good is, the Hebrew wants it) * Historical consciousness * Freedom ability to do one’s self throughout time * Time is the fuel of freedom * We make history

4. In the Bible the doctrine of Creation is found for the most part in a “soteriological” context. Explain. The emphasis is on creation as God’s “present activity.” Elucidate. Clarify the meaning of the doctrine, “creation out of nothing,” against dualism and pantheism. What is “panentheism?”

God is currently creating the world – the world is not yet done pantheism everything is in God (in God we live and have our being) * In GOD we live, move, and have our baby

5. Clarify the difference between Hebrew anthropology and Greek anthropology. How are human beings “the image and likeness of God” (Genesis 1:26)?

Greek Anthropology a human being is the body (lower) and soul (higher) b/c the mind lives in the soul

Hebrew Anthropology human being is living flesh and open to God

6. The notion of evolution has offered theology a more dynamic way of understanding creation. Relate this notion to the Holy Spirit. Clarify “primary cause” and “secondary causes.” How can Jesus Christ be understood as a product of human history?

God is the primary cause and works through secondary activity * God creates the baby * Parents create the baby through secondary activity

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