...TECHNOLOGY: COMPARING COMMUNICATION METHODS OF MODERN SOCIAL NETWORKS TO RURAL INDIGENOUS GROUPS [DO NOT CITE WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE AUTHORS] 1 ABSTRACT “It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity” (Einstein 1875-1955). This quote by Albert Einstein shows the vast technology changes experienced by humanity. The early indigenous tribes and groups had developed systems of communication and networks to conduct their daily activities (ie. trade, etc) with the use of technological resources which were far inferior compared to modern day. They created social networks to communicate and share common interests during their interactions. A social network defined is a social structure that encompasses individuals and organizations who become connected through sharing of common interests, for example in friendship, beliefs, knowledge, etc. In the modern era, post 1950s, humankind had begun to see a sharp climb in technology uses to ease daily tasks and activities. They created a social structure such that much of the interaction and creation of social networks revolves around the use of technology as a resource. Technology in the modern era has begun to be viewed as a means of effective communication and function for a majority of individuals. The comparison between rural indigenous groups of the past and the modern era communication methods can be studied to see whether technology has increased level of communication. 2 INTRODUCTION...
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...>>> español INTRODUCTION THEORY OF MODERNIZATION THEORY OF DEPENDENCY THEORY OF WORLD-SYSTEMS THEORY OF GLOBALIZATION A MODO DE COLOFON BIBLIOGRAPHY NOTES 1. Introduction The main objective of this document is to synthesize the main aspects of the four major theories of development: modernization, dependency, world-systems and globalization. These are the principal theoretical explanations to interpret development efforts carried out especially in the developing countries. These theoretical perspectives allow us not only to clarify concepts, to set them in economic and social perspectives, but also to identify recommendations in terms of social policies. For the purposes of this paper, the term development is understood as a social condition within a nation, in which the authentic needs of its population are satisfied by the rational and sustainable use of natural resources and systems. This utilization of natural resources is based on a technology, which respects the cultural features of the population of a given country. This general definition of development includes the specification that social groups have access to organizations, basic services such as education, housing, health services, and nutrition, and above all else, that their cultures and traditions are respected within the social framework of a particular country. In economic terms, the aforementioned definition indicates that for the population of a country, there are...
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...to start expanding globally? QUESTION 2: Why did Telefonica initially focus on Latin America? Why was it slower to expand in Europe, even though Spain is a member of the European Union? After being a stated opwned monopoly until 1990s, Telefonica started an aggressive international expansion in the late 1990s due mainly because of a wave of deregulation and privatozation processes aroun d the world. This expansion process was mainly focus in Latin Amrica because its cultural ties with the region and the deregulation and privatization processes that where occurring in the region, similar to the one made in Spain that brought Tleefonica to be a private com-pany. The expansion didn’t start in Europe, mainly due to a tacit agreement between te;lecommunication companies in Europe, that stated that they shouldn’t invade each other’s market. ( Youngs, R 2000 )“ The single market had opened the floodgates to EU investment to come pouring into Spain. In order to survive, Spanish companies were obliged to begin looking for new markets. Few companies in Spain were competitive enough to prosper in other parts of the EU, needing easier markets elsewhere [CEPAL, 1997: 92]. This was a more robust explanation of Spanish FDI trends than those predicated on cultural factors. While frequently alluded to, the role played by cultural and linguistic commonalities was difficult to quantify and was seen by most Latin American policy-makers as deliberately overplayed by Madrid [Russell, 1999: 24]...
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...Library relationships • 022 Administration of the physical plant • 023 Personnel administration • 024 Not assigned or no longer used • 025 Library operations • 026 Libraries for specific subjects • 027 General libraries • 028 Reading, use of other information media • 029 Not assigned or no longer used • 030 General encyclopedic works • 031 General encyclopedic works -- American • 032 General encyclopedic works in English • 033 General encyclopedic works in other Germanic languages • 034 General encyclopedic works in French, Provencal, Catalan • 035 General encyclopedic works in Italian, Romanian, Rhaeto-Romanic • 036 General encyclopedic works in Spanish & Portuguese (Latin American) • 037 General encyclopedic works in Slavic languages • 038 General encyclopedic works in Scandinavian languages • 039 General encyclopedic works in other languages • 040 Not assigned or no longer used • 041 Not...
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...How Culture Affects Work Practices in Latin America Some global executives would be surprised to learn that many employees in Mexico like to do their jobs in the presence of such religious images as the Virgin of Guadalupe. Their religious devotion in one example of how local culture affects the styles and practices of work in Latin America. Anabella Dávila, professor of management theory and business history at the graduate business school (ITESM) in Monterrey (Mexico), and Marta M. Elvira, academic director of Lexington College in Chicago, have published a book on this phenomenon, entitled “Managing Human Resources in Latin America.” In the chapter titled “Culture and Human Resource Management in Latin America”, the two scholars identify the cultural values that determine Human Resources in the region. They show how these factors can determine the success and failure of a business organization. The Company Is Like a Family The authors define the Latin American business model as a hybrid of globalization and the region’s historic traditions. With the exception of Argentina and Costa Rica, those traditions are characterized by large social gaps and a widespread collectivism that has various manifestations. Dávila and Elvira explain that social differences are manifested locally through benevolent, paternalistic leadership. “The senior executive has the personal obligation to protect subordinates, and even take care of the personal needs of workers and their families.” Generally...
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...Social Responsibility theory thus became the modern variation in which the duty to one"s conscience was the primary basis of the right of free expression. Soviet Media/Communist Theory This theory is derived from the ideologies of Marx and Engel that "the ideas of the ruling classes are the ruling ideas". It was thought that the entire mass media was saturated with bourgeois ideology. Lenin thought of private ownership as being incompatible with freedom of press and that modern technological means of information must be controlled for enjoying effective freedom of press. The theory advocated that the sole purpose of mass media was to educate the great masses of workers and not to give out information. The public was encouraged to give feedback as it was the only way the media would be able to cater to its interests. Two more theories were later added as the "four theories of the press" were not fully applicable to the non-aligned countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America, who were committed to social and economic development on their own terms. The two theories were: Development Communication Theory The underlying fact behind the genesis of this theory was that there can be no development without communication. Under the four classical theories, capitalism was legitimized, but under the Development communication theory, or Development Support Communication as it is otherwise called, the media undertook the role of carrying out positive developmental programmes...
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...Written Case Analysis Case: Taran Swan at Nickelodeon Latin America (A). Harvard Business School Case Jon Goebel Question 1: Considering various behaviors exhibited by Taran Swan, what do you think are the two predominant personality traits that characterize her? Rely on the class discussions from Session 1. Highlight important examples from the case that led you to this conclusion. In the case study about Nickelodeon in Latin America, Taran Swan exhibits glimpses of each of the five personality traits, but the two traits that most clearly epitomize her dynamic personality are “high extraversion”, and “high openness to experience”. Taran Swan has a tendency toward “high extraversion” and demonstrates this in how comfortable she is networking throughout all levels and functional areas within Nickelodeon / MTV and parent company Viacom. She was dealt a challenging situation when initially asked to launch the network station in Latin America. Taran is given direction to solicit resources and support from MTV personnel, but these employees are not familiar with the Nickelodeon brand and hold obvious bias toward their own network (MTV). Despite this situation, one MTV employee still gives Taran very high praise for not only involving all departments of the organization, but also for offering the opportunity to contribute their own ideas. Taran’s tendency for extraversion also allows her to infuse a sense of camaraderie...
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...Key to notes listed a = also approved for Analyzing the Natural World b = also approved for Understanding the Individual and Society c = also approved for Understanding the Past d = also approved for Understanding the Creative Arts e = also approved for Exploring World Cultures f = also approved for Understanding U.S. Society g = Indicated courses specifically designed for those majoring in areas other than science and mathematics h = LAS nonlaboratory courses Anthropology (ANTH) | 102 | Introduction to Archaeology | 4 hourscg | 105 | Human Evolution | 4 hourscg | 218 | Anthropology of Children and Childhood | 3 hoursbh | 238 | Biology of Women Same as GWS 238 | 3 hoursgh | | | | Biological Sciences (BIOS) | 100 | Biology of Cells and Organisms | 5 hours | 101 | Biology of Populations and Communities | 5 hours | 104 | Life Evolving | 5 hoursg | | | | Chemistry (CHEM) | 100 | Chemistry and Life | 5 hoursg | 112 | General College Chemistry I | 5 hours | 114 | General College Chemistry II | 5 hours | 116 | Honors General Chemistry I | 5 hours | 118 | Honors General Chemistry II | 5 hours | 130 | Survey of Organic and Biochemistry | 5 hours | | | | Computer Science (CS) | 100 | Discovering Computer Science | 3 hoursh | | | | Earth and Environmental Sciences (EAES) | 101 | Global Environmental Change | 4 hours | 111 | Earth, Energy, and the Environment | 4 hours | 200 | Field Work in Missouri | 2 hours...
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...achieving the best results for the institution behind that group, and simultaneously creating the correct atmosphere to make it happen. As explore on the Ford’s phrase above; reaching success impose a challenge, because cohesion and willingness have to come first. My thinking about organizational behavior is not that “off” from the scholar definition: “Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving and organization’s effectiveness.” (Robbins, page 10). Organizational Behavior embrace many thematic areas that are directly related to the core structure of any organization such Communication, Leadership, Motivation, Diversity and Teams. A good understanding of those aspects will offer a competitive advantage to any professional entering the labor force. Thus, I would like to synthesize the learnings from the organizational behavior course taken at UCSD extension. More than homework this document is a practical tool to review and reinforce those concepts. The best alternative to really gasp a new concept is to compare and related it to something you already know, something you are already familiar with. Therefore, I would like to explore this paper with an intimate approach by observing and comparing my own country’s views to the prevailing ones in the US spectrum. ). I have been fortunate to experience work environment...
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...Research project: The relationship between: the annual growth rate of GDP per capita and the public expenditure in Latin America. F29 F33 F43 O19 My goal for this research project is to examine the relationships that exists in between the annual growth rate per capita and public expenditure in Latin America. What I wanted to see is if a higher growth rate of GDP meant that a higher percentage was spent in the public sector. Data was gathered from the ECLAC, The World Bank and also the International Monetary Fund. Introduction The reason I was very attracted in this research is because as someone born in South America and lately Latin America has been doing better than before, and visiting South America the past year I have seen how infrastructure has improved lately so I was very interested in seeing how big of a role public expenditure plays in countries that are developing. Expenditure on welfare, health and education are an essential part of what governments do to enhance the quality of life of their citizens and the human capital base of their societies. My focus on public and social expenditure in Latin America is mainly guided by the concern of how Governments utilizes existing policies and seeing how these theories and policies have helped increase Latin America’s GDP. In Latin America we find a great variation in social policy regimes; ranging from Uruguay and Argentina, where a large majority of the population is covered by social policy and has decent...
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...In this research paper, I will examine how Greek education, Greek lifestyles, and Roman ideologies apply to understanding the founders of our nation. To create the foundation for American democracy today, our founders utilized their knowledge of the classics to formulate ideas create and create effective communication. Starting from the as young as the age of eight, our founders began Greek classical condition in order to be able to recite pieces of work for college admission (F.1, 2). These pieces of literature included Greek works such from Isocrates, Homer, Xenophon and the Greek New Testament (F. 2). Because grammar masters focused little else besides literature, teachers “required young scholars to display their knowledge of Latin and...
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...THEORIES OF THE LOCATION OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT 1. INTRODUCTION The movement of capital as foreign direct investment (FDI) that has been seen in the world, and their concentrations at international and regional level has led, for decades now, to the emergence of various theories that intend to explain and justify why that motivate and manage to be determining what factors to establish the place in which it was made. The main ideas of these approaches are discussed briefly herein in order to elaborate on this phenomenon, although there is no agreed explanation regarding the causes of the location of this type of investment and of the features that must meet the destination to attract this level of investment. FDI globally decreased 18% in 20121, reaching USD 1.35 billion. The fragile state of the global economy and the uncertain situation in politics were the main causes. Considering the estimates of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), by the end of the year 2013 FDI will have reached a level close to the 2012 level. With the gradual improvement in macroeconomic conditions globally will increase investor confidence in the medium term, "transnational corporations (TNCs) could convert their record levels of cash holdings in new investments. FDI flows could then reach the level of 1.6 billion dollars in 2014 and 1.8 billion in 2015 "(see Figure 1), although the agency warns that there is a risk that a decline in FDI share...
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...of saint simon and park. The financial crisis which spread through emerging markets in 1998 brought home to many people to extent to which their livelihood depend on unpredictable event a long way away. Its now seems likely that, while deeply traumatic for many individual and some countries. Notably asia and the former soviet union, this latest crisis will prove to have been no more than 1 of the growing pains of an increasly interdependent global economic system. there have been panic and warning of imminient collapse before . in early 1970s with demise of the bretton woods fixed exchange rate regime. in late 1970s after the OPEC oil shock and with worries about the world running out of raw material . in the early 1980s with the latins America debt crisis and fear for the solvency of major western bank , and in 1987 with an equity market collapse in the USA . Its still possible – though unlikely – that bad luck incompetence could turn recent sign of systemic weaknesses into a collapse of the kind experience in the wake of the 1929 crash . but , even if it does not there is a proper questioning of globalization and the system of governance .on which economic integration is based , this volume seeks to address some of this issues ; what does globalization issues mean ? it is inevitable ? and if not , is it desirable. How does the system . The present network of the state of globalization. Globalization what does it means ? In the vast , multidisciplinary literature...
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...studies of effective leaderships in different cultures is the GLOBE study. The Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research Program is a network of 170 social scientists and scholars from 62 cultures throughout the world, working in a long-term effort to examine the relationships between culture, practices, and leadership. The goal of this study is to develop a theory to describe, understand, and predict the impact of cultural variables on leadership and organizational processes and the effectiveness of it all. A particular strength of the GLOBE study is the combination of qualitative and quantitative data. The book contains five sections: the introduction, literature review, research methodology, empirical findings, and the conclusion. In the introduction, GLOBE states that the cultures of the world are becoming more and more interconnected while the business world is becoming increasingly global. Thus, there is a greater need for effective international and cross-cultural communication, collaboration, and cooperation. GLOBE has developed an integrated and cross level theory of the relationship between cultural values, practices, leadership, and organizational and societal effectiveness. The literature review section provides evidence that culture influences many aspects of leadership, industry, and organization. It explains the understanding of interaction between cultural influences on organizational leadership and the impact of societal culture and...
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...What is communication theory it comes in all different type of cultural as well as gender, and each person cultural is important to them, and should be treated as such. It does not make any difference if you are a male or a female it is all the same feelings are feelings no matter what the sex of the person is. People thing just because a person is a male that they can say mean and cruel words about the cultural and they might think that it is ok but it is not the have feeling just the same as a female has and have the same care for their cultural as any. One of the many communication theory that I read from the University of Phoenix Library is the communication theory in Europe and Latin America. After reading this I can truly say that there were a lot of things that I did not know of their cultural I can say that I have learned quit a lot from reading this. “Communication theories are one of the main pillars of many higher education studies that, placing communication as its core topic have raised public presence.” ( Ascencio, Carlos Lozano; Mariño, Miguel Vicente. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, dec2010, Vol. 13 Issue 65, p1-11, 11p, 8) How does gender and cultural affect communication among fellow co-workers, your manger, patients, families, and care givers. When it comes down to our fellow co-workers we need to know just what cultural that they are so that we want say are do the wrong thing. People do not understand that harmful words hurt, and this is something that...
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