...Communication and Therapeutic Relationships in Nursing/Midwifery A therapeutic relationship can be described as one that offers support and care without being judgemental and can provide trust and a feeling of safety from threatening situations(Mc Klindon et al1999). In contrast to a social relationship it differs greatly in that a therapeutic relationship consists of collaborated goals which are identified when the relationship is initiated and once these goals are fulfilled the relationship is terminated in a therapeutic way(Nurses Association of New Brunswick2000).There are many communication techniques that can prove to be useful in certain situations for example verbal and nonverbal communication as well as being aware of body language and tone of voice which can benefit the therapeutic relationship. It is essential to learn how to be assertive as it can promote fairness and efficiency at work(Hodgetts 2011). One must learn how to communicate effectively with clients from different cultures who speak different languages in order to ascertain the clients needs and in order to build the therapeutic relationship. Developing a Therapeutic Relationship In order to develop a therapeutic relationship it has been found that a number of skills are required for example conveying empathy and understanding, accepting individuality, providing support, promoting equality, demonstrating respect, maintaining boundaries, self awareness and being there for the client in a genuine manner(Dziopa...
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...Assessment Task 1 Reflection on Video Vignette At the first when the video started, I observed that the interprofessional communication between the paramedic staff and the nurse was really impressive, as they started by introducing themselves and the involved client who was on the site and it went to give all the information that has been received by the paramedic staff to the nurse who was actually going to look after the client subsequently. But suddenly after a little while, being a student of nursing my attention went towards the therapeutic communication done by the nurse in regards to her client in the video which was very remarkable and I thought it is very significant to observe this video as I was going to learn more about the therapeutic communication which is my chosen path for the future as I planned to be a healthcare professional. Initially, the nurse introduced herself and her roles to the client by lowering her body at client’s eye level which I thought was really well, then again acknowledging that her client could not verbally talk at that time, the nurse asked her client to nod her head for yes response and for the negative response the nurse asked her client to move her head side to side which I thought was fantastic as her client felt comfortable on this and the client nodded her head to nurse. Added to that, the nurse also gave all the information what she was going to do next and also she told her client that she was going to call the...
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...As a nurse the most important thing is to take care of one’s self, by putting the isolation equipment on, and isolating the child from others if they are already showing signs make sure to have extra precaution. “The initial therapeutic management includes isolation precautions, initiation of antimicrobial therapy, maintenance of hydration, maintenance of ventilation, reduction of increased ICP, management of systemic shock, control of seizures, control of temperature, treatment of complications (Hockenberry,Wilson 2015).” Additional nursing management that can be done for this patient include; keeping the room dark and noise levels down, because most children have a sensitivity to the light and noise. Allow the patient to determine his comfortability level which is usually side lying, and make sure to cluster care with this patients. Avoid activity that can cause pain and make sure to perform pain assessments within 24 hours of beginning treatment. Lumbar punctures are used as a diagnostic procedure which fluid from the spine is taken in order to get lab test looking for bacteria that may have gotten into those spaces. Nurses responsibility is to first get a consent form signed letting the...
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...Chapter 1 1.1 Introduction By synthesizing the data from various studies and research, this dissertation will aim to systematically review the current literature of evidence for therapeutic hypothermia (TH) post cardiac arrest. The research question is as follows: does therapeutic hypothermia treatment present positive neurological outcomes for post cardiac arrest victims? 1.1a Rationale: Whilst working in the Intensive Care Unit, I had the opportunity to witnessed a patient being cooled (therapeutic hypothermia concept) after experiencing out of hospital post cardiac arrest. I was intrigued to learn more about the concept as I had never heard or seen it done before. This prompted me to research further on the evidence based practice pertinent to TH treatment on post cardiac arrest victims. Patients who have suffered post cardiac arrest are usually cared for in a critical care environment such as the intensive care unit (ICU), and the survival rate for in hospital incidents is considered to be poor (Gwinnut et al 2000). Furthermore, according to Becker (1993) and Rea (2004), approximately 0.04% to 0.19% of out of hospital cardiac arrest incidence occur each year in industrial countries. Around 14% to 40% of these victims regain Return of Spontaneous circulation (Giraud 1996, Finn 2001, Fischer 1997), and only 7% to 30% were able to attain good neurological outcomes on discharge (Jennings 2001, Westfal 1996, Weston 1997). By critically reviewing the literature of evidence...
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...Therapeutic Touch By Chelsie Boyce Let me begin by saying that after watching several videos (including those provided by you) and reading even more articles, I am more mixed about my acceptance of therapeutic touch. Before this assignment I would have said I was strongly against this practice, but now I am more open to the idea. However, I still believe that therapeutic touch is not a true form of medical healing. To begin with, the Merriam-Webster's Medical Desk Dictionary states that this alternative medicine is a practice where the nurse or practitioner treats a patient by passing his or her hands over a person’s body to promote relaxation, pain reduction and or healing. I must say that the thought of someone’s hands hovering over my body kind of makes me giggle. I keep replaying a scene from Karate Kid over and over again in my head and thinking “yea right” if only it were that easy. After reviewing my resources, I am still very skeptical. Yes, some stated that patients believed they were doing better. But to me that was just it… a belief. Those who had a strong faith in this technique did show signs of relaxation and possible improvement, but I am not sure if the technique caused the reaction or the patient themselves invited the result. Just like Emily Rosa’s experiment supported, as nurses or practitioners we want to believe we can feel the energy being given off and that we are interacting with our patient. Yet, more times than not we are wrong. Along...
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...sufficiently. The lungs become over saturated with blood and the pressure from the right side causes a shift of fluid from the intravascular space into the lungs causing increased respiratory rate and impaired gas exchange. The patient’s symptoms are shortness of breath and cough, swollen ankles due to the excess fluid build up and fatigue. X-ray shows congestion in the middle and lower lungs. The patient was also taking digoxin on admission which is a drug commonly used for treating patients with CHF (Figueroa & Peters, 2006). 2. Digoxin toxicity, Digoxin toxicity is caused by high levels of digoxin in the body a drug Mr Marshall is currently prescribed. His digoxin levels are 2.4 ng/mL and the therapeutic range is 0.6 to 1.3 ng/mL showing increased levels beyond the therapeutic range (Chan, Bradley & Harrigan, 2002). Mr Marshall’s irregular pulse as well as his nausea and vomiting are clinical symptoms of digoxin toxicity (Ehle, Patel, Chandni & Giugliano, 2011). Question 1.2 Explain why Mr Marshall is prescribed the following medications in relation to his past medical history. Include in your response the related medical condition, drug action and category. Digoxin; this medication is prescribed to Mr Marshall to treat atrial fibralation a past condition of the patient....
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...can exacerbate the degree of permanent neurological damage following cardiac arrest. Each degree Celsius higher than 37C can cause cerebral destruction through increased metabolic expenditure, excitatory neurotransmitters resulting in calcium cellular reflux and accumulation of oxygen free radicals (Busto et al., 1987). To improve the outcome of patients who survive cardiac arrest requires not only reducing the ischemic process as quickly as possible, caused by cardiac arrest, but also preventing post resuscitation syndrome caused from reperfusion (Safar, 1993). Cerebral reperfusion after successful resuscitation can trigger harmful chemical cascades such as oxygen free radical production which can result in multifocal brain damage. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is considered as an effective method for reducing the deleterious neurological outcomes in patients who have out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Clinical and animal studies have shown that TH following cardiac arrest reduces both the cerebral metabolic rate and oxygen demand and it is thought to attenuate reperfusion injury, global inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, all consequences of cerebral ischemia. Over the...
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...of why acknowledging your own biases may be helpful when working with clients. As a future mental health professional being in the position of a client, that is seeing a therapist whose background is different from mine whether by ethnicity, linguistics or even sexuality I would crave for them to be understanding, non-judgmental and respectful of my beliefs and values. In reflecting an understanding attitude, it would be very important for me that the therapist displays keen listening skills; as these attitudes of listening can either assist in promoting a free flowing dialogue between myself and the therapist or build a wall which may prevent me from expressing my feelings on the challenges and issues I am currently facing. In the therapeutic relationship, it is important that the client feels that the therapist is not critical and judgmental towards them and displays a high level of "caring and compassion toward the client even if they have confessed their deepest secrets and hidden desires" (Brew and Kottler, 2008; p.115). Another aspect of being understanding on the part of the therapist is the therapist's body language. Especially with the therapist's cultural differences certain actions in relation to body language may have differing meaning and thus depending on the action may be construed as being offensive. With body language being so important Ivey, Ivey and Zalaquett (2010) noted that if the therapist faces the client squarely, leans forward slightly, has a positively...
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...Name ____________________________________________________________ NVCC Pharm HW 9 summer 2015 (chap 31) 1. Why is the pituitary called the ‘master gland’? 2. What is a common use of clomiphene(Clomid) for women? How is a dose of Clomid likely to make the woman feel (side effects)? What adverse reaction to Clomid did Octomom experience? 3. What is a common use of chorionic gonadotropin in little boys? * In grown men? * How might it make the patient feel? 4. What does somatropin (Humatrope) to to children (the therapeutic effect)? 5. 2 serious hormonal conditions might result for growth hormone therapy: what are they? 6. Cosyntropin may be used for inflammatory conditions when _____________________________ wasn’t successful. When you look at the long list of adverse reactions (p 316) you notice that they are the same as __________________________________________ drugs. 7. What drug may be used to treat diabetes insipidus? Does diabetes insipidus have ANYTHING to do with diabetes mellitus? 8. What is a post op use of vasopressin? What should be taken before a dose of vasopressin? 9. We have talked about glucocorticoids (steroid drugs). Recall adverse effects on: Fluids and electrolytes: Bones: Stomach: Immune system: Skin: Knowing all that, what kind (s) of patient is at a lot of risk for dangerous complications of steroid therapy? 10. fludrocortisone (Florinef) is...
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...The Placebo Effect For years, scientists have sought to find an explanation for the placebo effect. Although many hypotheses exist, there is no one reason defining why or how the placebos work. Some researchers argue that the phenomenon doesn't even occur; that the placebo effect is merely random mistake and that any improvement said to be caused by a placebo is only a spontaneous recovery in the patient's condition. Other scientists argue that Pavlovian conditioning supports an explanation for the effect: If patients have previously shown improvement from being in a medical setting or from taking medicine, they are conditioned to experience positive effects every time they are in the same situation. A second explanation for the placebo effect is that any drug (or placebo) given to a patient will reduce their stress levels. Because many illnesses begin under high-stress circumstances, or exhibit more extreme symptoms under stressful situations, many of the patient's symptoms are likely to improve. The first question that must be answered before researching into the expectations behind the placebo effect is whether or not the wonder even exists. Certain physicians and scientists claim that "positive effects" of a placebo are, in reality, just the body's natural ways of healing itself and the immune system's defenses kicking in soon after the placebo is taken. Basically, these researchers argue that improvement in a patient's condition after being administered a placebo...
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...J Clin Epidemiol Vol. 50, No. 12, pp. 1311–1318, 1997 Copyright © 1997 Elsevier Science Inc. 0895-4356/97/$17.00 PII S0895-4356(97)00203-5 The Powerful Placebo Effect: Fact or Fiction? Gunver S. Kienle* and Helmut Kiene ¨ Institut fur Angewandte Erkenntnistheorie und Medizinische Methodologie, D-79112 Freiburg, Germany ABSTRACT. In 1955, Henry K. Beecher published the classic work entitled ‘‘The Powerful Placebo.’’ Since that time, 40 years ago, the placebo effect has been considered a scientific fact. Beecher was the first scientist to quantify the placebo effect. He claimed that in 15 trials with different diseases, 35% of 1082 patients were satisfactorily relieved by a placebo alone. This publication is still the most frequently cited placebo reference. Recently Beecher’s article was reanalyzed with surprising results: In contrast to his claim, no evidence was found of any placebo effect in any of the studies cited by him. There were many other factors that could account for the reported improvements in patients in these trials, but most likely there was no placebo effect whatsoever. False impressions of placebo effects can be produced in various ways. Spontaneous improvement, fluctuation of symptoms, regression to the mean, additional treatment, conditional switching of placebo treatment, scaling bias, irrelevant response variables, answers of politeness, experimental subordination, conditioned answers, neurotic or psychotic misjudgment, psychosomatic phenomena...
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...Technique Identifier Aphasic Technique 1 Selected Option/ Result Nontherapeutic Result: Correct Rationale Dismissive behavior is an ineffective style of interpersonal communication because the nurse indicates that another person’s opinions or presence is not wanted or needed. Technique 2 Selected Option/ Result Therapeutic Result: Correct Rationale Displaying a caring attitude supports the establishment of a therapeutic relationship by conveying genuine concern and a feeling of emotional closeness, which results in the nurse’s ability to achieve a greater level of communication and understanding with the client. Technique 3 Selected Option/ Result Therapeutic Result: Correct Rationale Clarifying is a therapeutic communication technique because it allows the nurse to validate the message received to ensure that both the nurse and client have a mutual interpretation of the message. Page 1 of 3 Report Created on: 10/19/2015 06:47 PM EDT REP_NTIndv_CommModuleReport_1_0 Technique 4 Selected Option/ Result Therapeutic Result: Correct Rationale Focused questions are a therapeutic communication technique because they allow the nurse to clarify a message, collect data, encourage feedback, and confirm the client’s ideas and beliefs. Technique 5 Selected Option/ Result Nontherapeutic Result: Correct Rationale Shaming is an ineffective style of interpersonal communication because the nurse mistreats...
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...the nurse to carry out safe medication administration, monitor medication actions, educate patients, and act legally and ethically within the pharmacological parameters. This knowledge is also vital for the nurse practititioner in their role of nurse prescribing. Pharmacology plays a huge part in these roles for the nurse. This essay below will elaborate on the importance of pharmacology for the five reasons of safe medication administration, monitoring of medication actions, patient education, legal and ethical aspects of pharmacology and the nurse practitioner. Firstly, safe medication administration. To administer drugs safely it is the nurse’s responsibility to have knowledge of the prescribed medications as well as their therapeutic and non therapeutic effects. Knowledge of the medications include, knowing its approved drug name and classification, correct dose and route of administration. A medication may have as many as three different names- a chemical name, a generic (proprietary) name and a trade name (Crisp & Taylor, 2011). A chemical name refers to the chemical makeup of a drug, a generic name is the drug name listed in official publications such as the MIMS annual, and the trade name is the name manufacturers have registered the medication as. In a clinical setting medication is normally dispensed using the generic name to avoid confusion, but because medications may come under a number of different names nurses must be able to identify the exact name and spelling so...
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...Equine Therapy November 2014 Equine assisted therapy is a means to promote personal, physical, emotional, and mental growth in a child that is otherwise therapy resistant. In an Autistic child who is non-verbal, has poor social skills, and is inflexible with routines and schedules, Equine assisted therapy is a big step towards personal growth. When a child participates in Equine therapy they learn a sense of responsibility by learning how to properly care for and clean up after the horses. They develop a sense of belonging, of feeling like they finally fit in somewhere because they are constantly surrounded by the same people, who don't make fun of them, and are in a way just like them. Gradually and continuously participating in this type of therapy gives a child a humongous self-esteem boost because once they are able to conquer the ability to control an animal that is ten times their size, in their mind they are able to conquer and overcome anything that's thrown in front of them. It has been proven that when a child who is autistic or has disabilities engages in Equine assisted therapy, their communication, overall physical and behavioral skills increase dramatically. For example, for a child who has physical disabilities, riding a horse tremendously improves balance, coordination, sensory motor skills and posture. "Being on the horse has improved her sense of balance tremendously. At one time she had to think about sitting up, and if she relaxed she would begin to...
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...Equine Assisted Therapy By: Ashley M. Lorenc An ancient Greek sage once said, "The outside of a horse is the best thing for the inside of man." Hippocrates echoed that sentiment when he spoke of "ride rhythm" (Bliss). I have found there is an unspoken magic that horses posses when it comes to healing human beings. This experience is something that could never be taught or reached in a “talk” therapy session. The primary objective of Equine Assisted Therapy at Helping Hands Therapeutic Riding Center is rehabilitation, but it is also there to provide mental, physical, and social stimulation. The children love coming out to ride. It is amazing seeing an unresponsive child get on a horse and 45 minutes later have a totally different personality. Some of the children are more challenging to work with than others. Their attention spans can be short so keeping them focused and entertained can be difficult. One patient we had was a girl about age 12. While on the horse she would talk in song, in a soft tone. She loved being on the horse. When the therapist would tell her left and right she would start to respond and move the reigns. Every child has their own personalities and their own needs. Each child is matched with a horse depending on those needs. This takes great patience for all the participants. Safety is essential. That is why I am there. I volunteer to walk next to the horse, to control the horse, and to monitor the rider through the lesson. The therapist...
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