...people go to the Theatre; A qualitative study of audience motivation RES/341 Research and Evaluation I 02/19/12 Why people go to the Theatre; A qualitative study of audience motivation “Critical thinking is the disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness.” (The Critical Thinking Community, 2011). The benefits of critical thinking include confidence, justice, mental improvements, stay open-minded, integrity, courage, empathy and perseverance. There are two characteristics of Critical thinkers; strong sense and weak sense approaches to critical thinking. The weak sense tends to be a self-centeredness, selfish way of thinking that uses lower-level skills of argumentation, and attempt to make unreasonable thinking look reasonable and reasonable thinking look unreasonable, according to our readings. This form of thinking can be easily seen in unethical lawyers, prosecutors, and politicians who are more concerned with winning than with being fair. They use emotionalism and trickery in an intellectually skilled way, (Paul, R....
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...Critical Thinking Listening to a seminar/webinar, having to change an organization’s policy, hiring new personnel – all require critical thinking. Just about everybody has used critical thinking in his or her decision making at one time; perhaps without realizing it. If managers do not use critical thinking, they could make a wrong decision and react without thinking. Knowing the difference between critical thinking and decision making is vital in making wise decisions. In this paper, I will explain how I perceive critical thinking, along with brief descriptions on the traits of a critical thinker. Definition “Critical thinking is the art of thinking about thinking while thinking in order to make thinking better.” Three interwoven phases are involved with critical thinking: 1. It analyzes thinking “by focusing on the parts of thinking in any situation—its purpose, question, information, inferences, assumptions, concepts, implications, and point of view.” 2. It evaluates thinking “by figuring out its strengths and weaknesses: the extent to which it is clear, accurate, precise, relevant, deep, broad, logical, significant, and fair.” 3. It improves thinking “by building on its strengths while reducing its weaknesses.” (Paul, Richard and Elder, Linda 2006) A critical thinker must be willing to take apart his or her idea. How does it stand up to facts? How will it be translated? Do others understand it effectively? Is it biased, prejudiced, partial, distorted...
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...between Nurse Prepared at Associate Level vs. Baccalaureate Level Nursing- Patient Case Scenario Difference in Competences between Nurse Prepared at Associate Level vs. Baccalaureate Level Nursing history has proven the necessity of education in practice. Even though all nursing license or diploma have the same target of protection, promotion human being well-being and illness prevention, there are many different levels of tasks that different degree of nurses can proceed. Differences in Competencies between Associate Degree Nurse vs Baccalaureate Degree Nurses Education is the key factor for the growth and development of nursing. With associate degree, students have been prepared with all knowledge and skills to work in the real world. Information about diseases, treatments, diagnosis, signs and symptoms along with interventions are applied to the plan of care and communicated among the team. Within 3 years, an associate degrees program will prepare hands-on nurses to be ready for the real world of nursing. However, a 4 years of baccalaureate nursing program will encompass the associate program plus a broader scope of practice such as nursing research, management, public and community health, humanities and sciences. It opens up a bridge to get to master degree for a more in-depth nursing knowledge. All the additional courses of baccalaureate nursing program provide nurses ways to empower the roles of assessing, critical thinking for better communicating and providing...
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...Difference in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate degree level vs. the BSN Associate degree Nurse (ADN) nurses has 2 years training and diploma in nursing has 3 years of training .whereas Baccalaureate degree in Nursing has 4 years of training .The passing rate for NCLEX exam and basic clinical skills are the same example of I/V insertion, administering medicine and wound care. BSN training means Bachelor of Science in nursing are more focused in critical thinking skills, decision making skills, dealing with legal and ethical decision in evidence based practice and research based North Dakota was the first state that told about getting BSN after 10 years of diploma in nursing .Initiatives taken by these states New York, New jersey to increase stronger work force in nursing .AACN also emphasis of higher education level of nurses because of health care is changing more rapidly and more research is taking place and need for BSN education is increasing too. BSN nurses can work as team leader and can have many management skills because they have trained to do research and their focus is to go in depth of a problem rather than what book has stated. BSN nurses can manage and delegate nursing task to other personnel in a professional manner. BSN nurses verses ADN nurses competencies also defer in manner of decision making skills, critical thinking skills .BSN nurses involve and work with other interdisciplinary professional to solve the problem and help make...
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...Comparing the Competencies of BSN vs ADN C.M. Grand Canyon University August 17, 2014 Why are Baccalaureate nurses more desirable to employers than Associate degree nurses? Both BSN and ADN programs teach the fundamentals of nursing, to include health assessment, medication administration and care planning. Both must pass the NCLEX exam to qualify for entry level practice. But a BSN is a 4 year degree while and ADN is 2 years. BSN programs put more focus on the science of nursing, integrating theories and ethical decision making. Many hospitals are employing BSNs only in order to achieve ‘Magnet status’, recognizing them for quality patient care and nursing excellence. Nurses that are educated at the BSN level vs the ADN level are better trained for the workforce due to their theory background, their focus on evidence based practice and strong critical thinking skills leading to better patient outcomes. A nurse may wonder why knowledge of theory important while caring for patients at the bedside? As a particular religion guides a person for how they should live their life, theories act as guides for nursing practice. A theory provides a nurse with a tool to help them assist with describing, explaining and predicting why they do what they do. Creasia & Friberg, describe how theories provide frameworks to help give direction and guidance for nurses in their education, research and professional practice. (2011, p. 94) BSN programs provide more emphasis on theory than...
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...BSN vs. ADN Molly Kurian GCU Professional Dynamics NRS-430V May 18, 2012 BSN vs. ADN Nurses are expected to be independent decision makers due to the complexities their jobs entire. Fast growing clinical knowledge and advancing technology in health care have made the difference amongst associates and baccalaureate degrees. One of the largest differences in the degrees is the years of education required; 2 years for associate degree (ADN) and 4 years for baccalaureate degree (BSN). “ADN nurses are educated to provide nursing care to persons with similar health alterations in structured settings, whereas BSN nurses are educated to engage in independent thinking and to provide nursing care to persons with complex and differing health alterations within variety of settings, including the community” (Hood, 2010, p. 18). Even though both ADN and BSN are getting the same license, the education related to communication, critical thinking, and leadership skills vary. Firstly, the competency level between ADN’s and BSN’s differs in both listening and verbally communicating. ADN uses basic communication skills to coordinate with other health care members to meet the immediate needs of patients. The associate degree nurse recognizes the individual’s need for information and can modify a standard teaching plan. The nurse with a bachelor’s degree uses complex communication skills in multiple settings to collaborate with other members...
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...The Relationship Between Critical Thinking and Ethics Korey Hunter GEN/201 5/19/2015 Daisy Fromkin The Relationship Between Critical Thinking and Ethics Critical thinking, according to Dictionary.com (2015), is defined as, “disciplined thinking that is clear, rationed, open-minded, and informed by evidence.” (“Critical Thinking,” 2015.) Critical thinking is very similar to ethics since both are used in judgment, observing, and problem-solving. From a very early age to the end of time, we are constantly thinking, using both ethics and critical thinking, sometimes on purpose and others without noticing. There are six steps in the critical thinking process. The first step is having knowledge of the topic at hand. After gaining knowledge, understanding the topic is next. You want to be able to explain the subject to someone. Next you are going to apply the information you have gathered about a situation. Analysis, which is the step after application, is the breakdown of all information involved. To synthesize is the fifth step. You want to ask questions to form new ideas. The final step, evaluation, is "developing opinions, judgments, or decisions." ("Realitista, N.D.) Personally I believe having strong ethics and morals will help me succeed in life. My parents raised me to have strong ethics and without even knowing it, I was constantly using critical thinking skills to determine what was right or wrong. If I make the right choices based on...
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...The Relationship between Critical Thinking and Ethics Cheryl B. Green Gen/201 December 7, 2015 Portia Dennis Introduction Critical Thinking According to Merriam-Webster dictionary, critical thinking is the act of using your mind to produce ideas or careful judgements. If we use this definition anytime we are producing ideas or judgements we are utilizing critical thinking. When using critical thinking we are mentally going through steps in our head to achieve our desired outcomes. The skills we use for critical thinking are observation, interpretation, analyzing, inference, evaluation, explanation and metacognition(Boyd, p85). My daughter is turning 5 in two weeks but she has been a very willful child since she could speak. We wake for school every day at the same time, and I observe her mood from the time she opens her eyes. I watch to see if she has gotten enough sleep, if she is grumpy or if she hops straight out of bed. The wheels in my head begin turning and I have to interpret her language into mine so that I don't miss any of the clues she is sending me. Once I have figured out her mood I need to analyze how I'm going to handle her. Her moods are very tricky. I suggest a particular outfit for her to wear. Most days she doesn't like what I pick out for her to wear because she feels that she is old enough to make her own decisions when it comes to wardrobe. Usually, she picks what I have laid out for her and throws it on the floor. Now we move into inference...
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...Critical Thinking: What It Is and Why It Counts Peter A. Facione The late George Carlin worked “critical thinking” into one of his comedic monologue rants on the perils of trusting our lives and fortunes to the decision-making of people who were gullible, uninformed, and unreflective. Had he lived to experience the economic collapse of 2008 and 2009, he would have surely added more to his caustic but accurate assessments regarding how failing to anticipate the consequences of one’s decisions often leads to disastrous results not only for the decision maker, but for many other people as well. After years of viewing higher education as more of a private good which benefits only the student, we are again beginning to appreciate higher education as being also a public good which benefits society. Is it not a wiser social policy to invest in the education of the future workforce, rather than to suffer the financial costs and endure the fiscal and social burdens associated with economic weakness, public health problems, crime, and avoidable poverty? Perhaps that realization, along with its obvious advantages for high level strategic decision making, is what lead the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to comment on critical thinking in his commencement address to a graduating class of military officers. Teach people to make good decisions and you equip them to improve © 2013, 2011, 2006, 2004, 1998, 1992, Peter A. Facione, Measured Reasons and The California Academic Press...
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...Critical Thinking and Ethics Yoletta L. Cunningham GEN/201 (BSCS1J0YC6) November 16, 2015 Pamela Boronkay Abstract Critical Thinking and Ethics Personal ethics influence critical thinking because significant impact in effective problem solving is directly based on personal beliefs. A person’s ethical beliefs must coincide with the standards of their profession and one’s personal principles are reflected in the way that problems are solved. The objective analysis of an issue to form a judgement is the exposition of critical thinking. The process of critical thinking includes knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. Acquiring knowledge to potentially resolve the issue would be the first step in critical thinking followed by comprehension. Comprehension is simply understanding what the issue is and obtaining facts to support the position. At this point all the information attained by the individual should be gathered and applied for analysis where the definite approach will be decided. Next, synthesize the ideas and conclude which outcomes would be favorable. Finally, execute the final decision and evaluate the results. Government Officials, Politicians, and Influential Leaders should only serve with ethics in favor of the people that they impact but they are unable because they’re human. The way that we affect others is a product of Nature vs. Nurture. One’s upbringings, experiences, and surroundings effect...
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...FAH 0033 THINKING SKILLS 2. INTELLIGENCE, THINKING AND KNOWLEDGE Intelligence? Thinking? Knowledge? I have aced the definition of thinking, but now this! Gosh! Thinking vs Intelligence The belief that intelligence and thinking are the same has led to 2 unfortunate conclusions in education: 1. That nothing is to be done for students with a high intelligence because they will automatically be good thinkers. 2. That nothing can be done for students without a high intelligence because they cannot ever be good thinkers. Thinking vs Intelligence • de Bono found that by developing thinking abilities, it is possible to transform one’s aggressive tendencies, bad temper and other negative tendencies creatively and constructively. when school students were taught to think effectively, their ill-temper and aggressive tendencies reduced significantly. • Thinking vs Intelligence • Clinical Psychologists have also found that those who have neuroses are poor thinkers as compared to normal people. Neurotics scored significantly lower scores in decision making, problem-solving and creative thinking. Interestingly, when neurotics were taught to think effectively, they showed a remarkable reduction in their neurosis. • Intelligence, Thinking & Knowledge A car analogy: • Intelligence is like the horsepower of a car. • Thinking is like the skill of the car driver. • Knowledge is like the fuel of the car. Intelligence, Thinking & Knowledge • Driving Skills...
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...Critical Thinking and Ethics Jeffrey Lasack ETH 316 July 17, 2014 Michael Golojuch Critical Thinking and Ethics With many different potential situations to be faced in our lives, we are faced with tough decisions that we sometimes fight with inside as to what decision we should make. Some people are very logical and use this in the form of critical thinking to make the best decisions. Others simply follow the ethics that they are equipped with to make decisions and in turn do not use critical thinking to solve their problems or decisions. A better approach would be to use both ethics and critical thinking to come up with solutions that are logical and ethical in various situations. There are times when decisions cannot be made easily by following ethical guidelines. Two similar situations could be deemed ethical in one way but unethical in another context. According to Conjecture Corporation (2014), “Location and culture of the people involved also play a very important role in the determination of the exact ethical consideration to apply to a situation, a process that can be greatly enhanced by the application of critical thinking” (para. 2). Because ethical practices are not universal considerations are drawn between ethics and critical thinking. A link between ethics and critical thinking could be when an individual’s ethical concepts are not the same as an organization’s ethical concepts (Conjecture Corporation, 2014). Critical thinking plays a large role in...
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...Running head: Associate vs. Bachelor Nurses Associate vs. Bachelor Nurses: Which is Better? Adams State College: NRS-430v April 8, 2010 Associate vs. Bachelor Nurses: Which is Better? Over 20 years of experience in the nursing workforce has included working with LPN/LVN, Diploma RN, ADN and BSN prepared nurses. Many of these nurses have had numerous years of real life experience, while others have been recent graduates. The BSN prepared nurse typically provides a higher level of safety, experience, and holistic care to patients in comparison to the ADN prepared nurse. BSN prepared nurses will be key to implementing changes in healthcare. For example, working in a Labor and Delivery unit can be full of joy and terror. During labor, many complications can arise for both the mother and baby. One such complication is uterine rupture, which requires quick action on the part of the healthcare team. In observing nursing care provided by both an associate prepared nurse and a bachelor prepared nurse making decisions during this emergency demonstrated key differences. The ADN nurse went through a mental checklist, reviewing the fetal monitoring strip, narrowing down the causes of the incident, reassuring the patient while preparing for the stat C-section. The BSN nurse also performed these tasks, but involved the patient’s family/support system in the educational process and collaborated with the provider for the optimal outcome. Florence Nightingale was passionate...
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...The difference between an Associates degree in nursing and Bachelors in science in nursing is that a BSN nurses are better prepared in medical setting vs. an ADN nurse especially in the acute care settings. Hospitals want nursing to be better prepared especially with all the advancements in the medical field. “The complexity of medical and surgical interventions undertaken in hospitals requires an even bigger and more sophisticated clinical workforce” (Altamann 2011). A lot of ADNs do not have the complexity or the critical thinking as do BSNs do. ADN nurses only have 2 years to complete their program, therefore their programs are usually shortened in order to meet the 2 years, and also this program main purpose is hands on skills. The ADN program provided clinical skills so that a nurse could work in a clinical set up and do required tasks, it was all about looking after the patients, routine care and doing what the physician or practitioner told them to do. The most obvious reason nursing student chose to get their ADN is for the financial advantage and that it less time to complete their program. Many community colleges for nursing cost less money each semester to attend full time. Attending community college gives nursing students the chance to prepare for the financial demands of a 4-year university if they plan on transferring. If transferring were something the student would like to do. Some students are able to get scholarships and are able to transfer to a university...
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...Research Process and Terminology Paper Tomanika Nicholson December 12, 2012 CJA/334 Christopher Franks Research Process and Terminology Paper Introduction This essay will discuss four main topics, which are terminology I learned for the reading, how will the terminology and knowledge apply to a career in criminal justice, how can the knowing proper terminology affect me as I conduct criminal justice research and how will knowing these terms be an asset to me when evaluating and analyzing research studies. Terminology I learned from reading I will include terms for chapter one and chapter two. I will define what the terms I learned mean and how I perceived them. I will define the terms that I learned from chapter one first. There were many terms that was new to me that I have never heard before, however, I will only define three terms form chapter one. The first word I will define is “Historicism,” which means a theory that events are determined or influenced by conditions and inherent processes beyond the control of humans (thefreedictictionary, 2012). My belief of this meaning is that something takes place out of the human control such as ghost or the supernatural. The second word is “Scientism,” which means, the belief that the assumptions, methods of research, of the physical and biological sciences are equally appropriate and essential to all other disciplines, including the humanities and the social sciences (dictionary.reference, 2012). My belief of this meaning...
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