...ICTs As Enablers of Development: A Microsoft White Paper December 2004 Executive Summary Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are transforming societies and fueling the growth of the global economy. Yet despite the broad potential of ICTs, their benefits have not been spread evenly. Indeed, using ICTs effectively to foster social inclusion and economic growth is among the key challenges facing policymakers today. As one of the world’s leading ICT firms, Microsoft brings a unique perspective to this issue, one informed by years of collaboration with the international development community. Microsoft firmly believes that ICTs hold tremendous promise as an enabler of social and economic development. ICTs can help underserved populations obtain, manage and disseminate knowledge and to tap into global networks of information and services. And rapid innovations in technology – the fruits of intensive R&D efforts by Microsoft and others – are making ICTs less expensive and easier to use, bringing the power of ICTs within the reach of ever more people. ICTs promote development across many dimensions. At their most fundamental level, ICTs enable organizations to be more productive, thereby spurring economic growth and helping firms be more competitive. ICTs can also expand the reach and effectiveness of social development projects and have already yielded important benefits in such areas as healthcare, education, and environmental preservation. Public-sector...
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...Pledge for a Digital Bangladesh by 2021 Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) were recognized by the world leaders as a key development enabler in World Summit on Information Society (WSIS) in Geneva in 2003 and in Tunis in 2005 (Tunis Commitment). In the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the country called National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction (NSAPR) 2009, ICTs were similarly identified and given due importance. The current government s Digital Bangladesh by 2021 vision proposes to mainstream ICTs as a pro-poor tool to eradicate poverty, establish good governance, ensure social equity through quality education, healthcare and law enforcement for all, and prepare the people for climate change. Remarkable to mention is the fact that over 50 Secretaries of the government, a similar number of eGovernance Focal Points who are senior policy makers one in each Ministry, all 64 Deputy Commissioners who are heads of district administration, and all 483 Upazila Nirbahi Officers who are heads of sub-district (upazila) administration have attended multi-day long orientation workshops on Digital Bangladesh. These intensive workshops led by the Prime Minister s Office were unprecedented. They have ensured that the cornerstones of civil service are brought on board en masse to provide the necessary leadership at different levels of the administration to utilize the benefits of ICTs to establish good governance and alleviate poverty within the Digital Bangladesh strategy...
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...ICT Roadmap Bangladesh: A Pilot Study Moving Towards a Sustainable Growth of the IT Industry. March 4th, 2013 Final Draft. 2 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY DIGITAL BANGLADESH: AN OVERVIEW THE MISSING BRIDGES RECOMMENDATION TO GOVERNMENT 3 4-‐7 8-‐11 12-‐27 CONCLUSION ...
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...National ICT Strategy and Plan NICI - 2015 © No part of this document can be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise - without the permission of the Rwanda Ministry in charge of ICT in the Office of the President. List of Acronyms AGAGE AISI AMIS ARTEL BNR BPO CD CERT COMESA CNS-ATM CS CSIRT CTC FWG DCRS EAPP EASSy EDPRS e-GOV EMIS EMR EQMS ERMS FMS FY GDP GIS GNI GNP GoR G2B G2C G2G HIV HLSC HRMS ICT ICT4D IDS IPAR IPS ISP ISPA ITU IXP JICA Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment African Information Society Initiative Agriculture management Information System Africa Rural Telecommunication Banque National du Rwanda Business Processing Outsourcing Community Development Computer Emergency Response Team Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Communication Navigation Surveillance /Air Management Cyber Security Computer Security Incident Response Team Coordination Technical Committee Focus area Working Group Develop a Digital Court Recording System East African Power Pool Eastern Africa Submarine Cable System Economic Development & Poverty Reduction Strategy (2008-2012) e-Government Education Management Information System Electronic Medical Records Electronic Queue Management System Electronic Records Management System Financial Management Systems Fiscal Year Gross Domestic...
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...E-SECURITY REVIEW 2008 Submission from Microsoft Australia Introduction Microsoft Australia welcomes the opportunity to participate through this Submission in the Whole-of Government Review of E-Security. A periodic review of the E-Security framework, in light of the quickly evolving threat landscape, is both timely and appropriate. Over the last thirty years there have been dramatic advances in information technology - the development of the microprocessor, the rise of the personal computer, the emergence of the Internet - which have revolutionised the way information is created, stored, shared, and used. Today, powerful, affordable and diverse devices, together with expanding broadband networks, create a powerful opportunity for connectivity for individuals and communities. Over the past two decades, rapid advances in software, IT services, and communications have enabled many traditionally separate and disparate infrastructures and business operations to become more connected. Through this connectivity virtually every aspect of society has experienced a transformation. Businesses and governments have been able to manage and streamline their operations. Individuals have been offered ready access to multiple sources of information thereby expanding knowledge and choice. Across every field of endeavour – commercial, social, scientific and philanthropic – the power of information has been increased and the transaction costs of engagement have been lowered. Our broad reliance...
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...ICTs in the Tourism Industry and its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour The tourism industry often needs a various range of information to satisfy and attracts its consumers and most of this information is delivered promptly to the customers with the help of the information and communication technologies (Poon, 1993). And as result, the global tourism industry is rapidly changing and the information and communication technologies ( ICTs) such as the internet is altering the structure of tourism industry and how it market his products and conducts its promotion. In order to understand the role and impacts that ICTs has in the wider tourism industry and to find its influences on the tourist consumer behaviour, it is advised to first know what ICTs are and to comprehend the study on consumer behaviour based on the tourism industry. Information and communication technologies are defined as the collective term given to the most recent development in the mode (electronic) and the mechanisms (computers and communications technologies) used for the acquisitions, processing analysis, storage, retrieval, dissemination, and application of information (Poon 1993 cited in Buhalis 2003, p 7). It can also be defined as “the use of digital tools for business functions and processes” (Cooper et al 2005, p.704). When tailing about ICTs, it consist of hardware (self service terminals), software (front office applications), and telecommunications (broadcast of images, teleconferencing...
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...of business risk in the ICT industry Bachelors thesis Erik Allenstr¨m, 1984-11-26 o Fredrik Njurell, 1984-01-30 ¨ Tutor: Osten Ohlsson January 14, 2010 Abstract The number of company mergers and acquisition activities has increased dramatically the last two decades. The reasons for conducting these activities are many and the uncertainties of their results are high. To reduce the uncertainties when making an investment, merger or acquisition it is vital to do a thorough assessment of the risks involved with the activity. This thesis focuses on a specific part of this risk assessment, namely the non-financial risks. Mergers and acquisitions are done in almost all industries around the world and the reasons for and benefits of these activities can vary between industries. We have chosen to investigate the risk assessment of non-financial risks in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry. The thesis aims at investigating what business characteristics, for companies in the ICT industry, that give rise to non-financial risks that must be assessed when doing investments, mergers or acquisitions. Further on we present a risk pattern that points out what business characteristics that are the most important when conducting a risk assessment of non-financial risks on companies in the ICT industry. From a literature study we find evidence that ten different business characteristics are of key interest when targeting companies in the ICT industry. These ten characteristics...
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...Communication infrastructure reforms are a concept which enables operators to offer quality services. Infrastructure sharing is one of the reforms that can take place. It refers to the ability of operators to share networks or the ability of one party building communication infrastructure that will lease to other providers. Communication infrastructure can be done in fixed, mobile and broadcasting networks, and it is one of the best options of bringing reforms and best practices by bringing competitors in the industry to collaborate with an aim of lowering the cost and increasing their capital. It is also a method of reducing the risk of proliferating network deployment. There can be active or passive communication infrastructure sharing. In active sharing, the active network and components are shared by the operators. The regulator is aimed at providing clear directions towards achievement of national and regional development goals. This paper looks at the reforms of three countries, Czech Republic, Botswana and Liberia. The historical perspectives of how reforms have been achieved will the area of concern in this review. 2.0 Czech Republic Czech Republic had state owned telecommunication operator prior to 1989. Sprava Post a Telekomunikaci was a state owned telecommunication operator that was mainly dealing with postal and telecommunication services. The postal services were separated from the telecommunication services in January 1993 of the state owned operator...
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...women's issues in this country. The official document .on Human Rights' issues as it relates to Nigerian women; this document is known as the NATIONAL POLICY ON WOMEN. This paper therefore focuses on the document which promises to bring delight to the heart of every woman in this country. Introduction When late Mrs. Olufunmilayo Ransome Kuti joined the vanguard team as the only nationalist and activist during the early struggle for Nigerian independence, hardly did .anybody realize then that she had a dream, a clear vision of a future Nigerian woman, that vision was crystal clear in her heart, and like a pivot, it stood firmly on three stand posts-known today as women's rights, women emancipation and women empowerment.. . Mrs. Olufunmilayo Ransome-Kuti later joined by some educated women of like minds, fought daringly and relentlessly for these three .pivotal goals of women emergency and relevance in the socio-political reckoning arena of this nation. Unfortunately, their efforts did not seem to pay off, judging by the relative “denials" and rebuffs their efforts often met with the male dominated government of the day. Thus up to about two decades ago, Nigerian woman became relatively marginalized and subjected to more than a fair share of male chauvinism in almost all spheres of human endeavour....
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...Information & Management 41 (2004) 805–825 eAirlines: strategic and tactical use of ICTs in the airline industry Dimitrios Buhalis* Centre for eTourism Research (CeTR), School of Management, University of Surrey, Guildford, England GU2 7XH, UK Received 16 June 2002; received in revised form 26 April 2003; accepted 6 August 2003 Available online 13 November 2003 Abstract Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) have revolutionised the entire business world. The airline industry in particular has fostered a dependency on technology for their operational and strategic management. Airlines were early adopters of ICTs and have a long history of technological innovation, in comparison to many other travel and tourism businesses. This paper discusses comprehensive research, including exploratory research with airline executives, using qualitative methods to examine the use of ICTs in the contemporary airline industry and to discuss recent developments in the industry. The work demonstrated that the airline industry was using the Internet to improve its distribution strategy and reduce costs; it also used Intranets and internal systems to develop tactical and strategic management. In addition, Extranets were being gradually used for communicating with partners and to support business-to-business (B2B) relationships. The effort demonstrated that ICTs will be critical for the strategic and operational management of airlines and will directly affect the future competitiveness...
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...Rodolfo Baggio Marianna Sigala Alessandro Inversini Juho Pesonen Editors Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014 eProceedings of the ENTER 2014 PhD Workshop in Dublin, Ireland. January 21, 2014 Preface The advent of Information and communication technology (ICT) has had a paramount impact on tourism. The effects of this revolution continue to change the nature of contemporary tourism on a day-to-day base. The globalization of information, open innovation, better access, collaboration in a generation of information and technological convergence, have all contributed to the design of a new scientific paradigm. Thanks to our passion for research and to the continuous advancements in the technological ecosystem as well as the possibility of better understanding human activity and behavior we are on the threshold of a new era of the social science of tourism. This new social and technological paradigm affects tourism and human mobility in a way that gives the research process unheard-of possibilities. The current level of technological development allows for the construction of objects that are smaller, more intelligent and embedded in the environment and even wearable. These objects, which record and learn our habits are connected to the Internet and they have computing capabilities. They can also be interconnected and generate large quantities of information to benefit the environment in which they are located as well as the travellers that possess...
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...Assignment on An in-depth Analysis of Advertising and Promotion | Table of Contents Introduction 3 Task 1 3 Explanation of the communication process that applies to advertising and promotion 3 Explanation of the organization of the advertising and promotions industry 4 Assessment of how promotion is regulated 5 Examination current trends in advertising and promotion, including the impact of ICT 6 Task 2 6 Explanation of the role of advertising in an integrated promotional strategy for Kellogg 6 Explanation of branding and how it is used to strengthen a business or product 7 Review of the creative aspects of advertising 7 Examination of ways of working with advertising agencies 8 Task 3 8 Explanation of primary techniques of below-the-line promotion and how they are used in an integrated promotional strategy by Kellogg’s 8 Evaluate other techniques used in below-the-line promotion by Kellogg’s 9 Task 4 10 An appropriate process for the formulation of a budget for an integrated promotional strategy: 10 Development of a promotional plan for a business or product: 11 Integration of promotional techniques into the promotional strategy for a business or product 11 Appropriate techniques for measuring campaign effectiveness 12 Conclusion: 12 References 13 Introduction Advertising is the core part of any business that sell products and render service in the global market. Thus advertising and promotion is an integral part of an organization...
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...(http://www.arraydev.com/commerce/jibc/) ICT Adoption in Malaysian SMEs from Services Sectors: Preliminary Findings Alam, S. S., Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Business Management, MARA University of Technology, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia E-mail: syedshah@salam.uitm.edu.my Dr. Syed Shah Alam is a Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Business Management at MARA University of Technology, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia. He holds a B.Com (Marketing), M.Com (Triple) Marketing, Finance and Banking and Management, Ph.D. in E-Commerce. His research interest includes Mobile E-commerce, E-business, Ecommerce and online trust. Mst. Nilufar Ahsan, Research Fellow, Faculty of Business & Law, Multimedia University, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia E-mail: nilu-far70@yahoo.com Mst Nilufar Ahsan holds a B.Com (Management), and M.Com in Management. Her research interest includes organizational behaviour, and ICT management area. She is currently a doctoral candidate in the Faculty of Business and Law, Multimedia University, Melaka Malaysia. Abstract The purpose of this research was to investigate the extent to which small and medium size businesses in the southern region in Malaysia are prepared for ICT adoption. Most of the businesses have now accepted ICT as an important tool to increase its business in the domestic as well as global market place. In future ICT will grow more rapidly in the Malaysian SMEs sectors. In order to increase the effectiveness of ICT, companies can use Internet to present almost...
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...Integrating ICT- Based Applications for Sustainable Tourism Development in Algeria BOUTKHIL Guemide Assistant Teacher Department of English Language Faculty of Letters & Languages University of Med Seddik Benyahia. Cité Ouled Aissa B. P. N°98 Jijel (18000) Algeria titanicmaze@hotmail.fr Pr. CHELLALI Benachaiba Assistant Professor Department of Electronics & ICTs Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Med Tahri B. P. N° 417 Bechar (08000) Algeria. IBTISSAM Bedri Assistant Teacher Department of Political Sciences Faculty of Law & Plitical Sciences University of Med Khaidar 145 RP, BISKRA (07000) Algeria Dr. Salima Maouche Assistant Professor Department of English Language Faculty of Letters & Languages University of Abd Errahmane Mira, Bejaia (06000) Algeria ABSTRACT: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has inevitable impacts on different industries and their performances. The tourism industry, as the largest and fastest growing industry in the world, cannot be excluded from this technology and its huge impacts. ICT provides information about tourist attractions in different destinations before travelling and improves tourists‘ satisfaction. Although Algeria has great tourism potentials, it still needs to be performed well in promoting its attractions to international tourists via ICT tools yet. This research explores the impact of ICT on foreign tourists‘ satisfaction of the tourism industry and uses Algerian...
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...institution’s view on financing opportunities for SME institutions. As a financial organization the report shed light on BSRS and its BCC/BASIS/ICT Incubator and its adjacent financing modules. From entrepreneur’s point of view a number of incubator listed firms were selected and their financing process has been introduced. This report exclusively focused its view toward ICT SMEs. The fact that ICT Incubator is only accessible to IT companies and the importance of ICT in Bangladesh economy growth has an implicit importance in this regard. The report took this issue further by listing the bars that remains in today’s financial market for an ICT SME. The report also contains critical analysis of the whole financing process and its pro/cons. The submitters took the liberty of comparing BSRS normal SME financing schemes and its past data with BSRS/BCC/ICT Incubator financing schemes. This report also showed the Requirements, Paper works, Validation process, Other payment options & Follow through of the whole financing process. Past data of BSRS financial investments and loan disbursements as well as data on participation in ICT incubator has also been included. Recent times have seen an encouraging up rise of women participation in SME institutions. This fact has not been ignored and an analysis with relevant data on women participation in BSRS and ICT Incubator scenario has been introduced. The investment process for SMEs has been presented with diagrams and charts. A relatively unique...
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