...Bank of Boston. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston or the Federal Reserve System. Price Discrimination in the Airline Market: The Effect of Market Concentration Joanna Stavins ABSTRACT Economic theory suggests that a monopolist can price discriminate more successfully than can a perfectly competitive firm. Most real-life markets, however, fall somewhere in between the two extremes. What happens as the market becomes more competitive: Does price discrimination increase or decrease? This paper examines how price discrimination changes with market concentration in the airline market. The paper uses data on prices and ticket restrictions across various routes within the United States, controlling for distances and airport gate restrictions. Price discrimination is found to increase as the markets become more competitive. Price Discrimination in the Airline Market: The Effect of Market Concentration Joanna Stavins In a perfectly competitive market, firms have no market power to discriminate by price. At the other extreme, a monopolist can, provided he has information about consumers’ taste differences and the transaction costs of setting multiple prices do not prevent such pricing strategies. Most real-life markets, however, fall somewhere in between the two extremes. What happens as the market becomes more competitive: Does price discrimination...
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...Coordinator • Remain professional at all times while working with a diverse group of festival committee, audience, guests, and other volunteers. Volunteers Job Description: 1. Technician/Venue Coordinator • Responsible for the execution of all film screenings in the designated venue. • Responsible for the order and performance of the other volunteers in the same venue. • Responsible to write a daily report according to the brief of the Volunteer Coordinator of the festival. 2. Information & Ticketing • Responsible to provide correct and proper information to the (potential) audience as required. • Responsible for the registration/guest book. • Responsible for the distribution of tickets for every screening in the designated venue. • Responsible for the availability of festival’s promotional materials (program guide, schedule...
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...ABACUS PRICING QUICK REFERENCE FARE QUOTE DISPLAY FQMNLSIN–PR Quick Reference Page FQMNLLAX12FEB–PR Currency Code FQMNLHKG22MAY–PR–CX Fare Basis Code FQMNLBKK31MAYALL–PR Booking Class FQMNLSIN19JUL–SQ¥R26JUL Passenger Type Code FQS1 Multiple Passengers Tax Display FQ∗ Tax Display Basic Entry FT1 Tax Details from List RB2 Specific Tax Code RB2MNLLAX–PR/LAXMIA–AA Passenger Facility Charge Basic Entry Optional Qualifiers Travel Date Multiple Carriers Display All Types of Fares Return Travel Date Fare Display from Segment Continuation Entries Redisplay Fare Tax Breakdown Display Display RBD Conditions Display RBD by Carrier FQHELP FQBKKMNL–PR/USD FQMNLBKK–TG¥QYEE6M FQMNLBWN–BR¥BY FQMNLTPE–PR¥PINF FQMNLTPE–PR¥PSEA/LBR TXN∗BKK TXN∗1 TXN∗∗XA PXC∗SFO Basic Entry Fare Rule by Line Number Redisplay Rule Information Routing Map FARE RULE DISPLAY RDMNLLAX11SEPLEE6M–PR RD2 Quick Reference Page RDHELP RD∗ Rule Menu of Categories RD2∗M RD2∗RTG Specific Categories RD2∗5/15/22 NON-ITINERARY PRICING WQMNLHKGLAX–ACX/VCX Quick Reference Page Basic Entry Optional Qualifiers Currency Code Passenger Type Code Operating Carrier Date & Booking Class Surface Segment Connection City Continuation Entries Fare Details from List Fare Rule Display Rule Display of First Fare Rule Display from Fare List Fare Basis Code WQHELP WQMNLHKG–ACX/VCX/MUSD WQMNLKULMNL–AMH/VMH/PCNN/PINF WQMNL/ASQSIN/APRMNL–VSQ WQMNL29MAR/CYBKK13APR/CSMNL–ATG/VTG WQMNL14APR/APRHKG/–BKK19APR/ATGMNL–VPR WQMNL24APR/XHKG24APRSFO29MAY/XHKG31MAYMNL–ACX/VCX...
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...0 2.0 And so on… and follow the flow of the report. NAME OF THE INFORMATION SYTEM * Online booking ticket - ( Booking System) - This system assists you in managing a cinema. If also involves the booking and buying of tickets to watch a movie. - The cinema management information system is a system that will assist the cinema employees in all their respective day to day operations. The people to be using the system are employees when serving the customers, customers when booking online and view movies showing at their convenient times. System offered by the system. (function of the system) 1- View movies showing, their times and respective cinema room 2- Buy ticket 3- Book to watch a movie 4- Pay in cash or with card 5- Schedule movies OBJECTIVE OF THE SYSTEM (BOOKING SYSTEM) - The objective and scope of Online Movie Ticket Booking System is to record the details various activities of users. It will simplifies the task and reduce the paper work. During implementation every user will be given appropriate training to suit them specific needs. - The main objective of Online Movie Ticket Booking System is to enhance and upgrade the existing system by increasing it efficiency and effectiveness. The software improve the working methods by replacing the existing (annual or manual) system with the computer-based system. -To enhance online ticket booking system using mobile phone and WAP technology. Nowadays, are also many people use mobile handsets and...
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...NONLINEAR PRICING STRATEGIES AND MARKET CONCENTRATION IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY A Dissertation by MANUEL A. HERNANDEZ GARCIA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 2009 Major Subject: Economics UMI Number: 3384249 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI 3384249 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 NONLINEAR PRICING STRATEGIES AND MARKET CONCENTRATION IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY A Dissertation by MANUEL A. HERNANDEZ GARCIA Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Steven N. Wiggins Committee Members, Li Gan James Griffin Steven L. Puller Head of Department, Larry Oliver August 2009 Major Subject: Economics iii ABSTRACT Nonlinear Pricing Strategies and Market Concentration in the Airline Industry. (August 2009)...
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...A&W – Discount varies, simply ask and have a valid military ID with you. Advance Auto – 10% off with military ID Agentsource.com – Up to 40% off standard real estate closing costs for Active duty men and women moving in the United States or Canada All State – Allstate Funding proudly offers all U.S. Military personnel a $250 credit towards the appraisal of a residential property. Ends 12/31/2010 American Airlines – Discount varies, requires military ID American Video Productions -10% off to active duty, retired, families of military and dependents. Call and ask for the discount http://www.americanvideoproductions.net/ Amtrak – 10% off Anheuser – Busch Amusement Parks – Discount varies, simply ask and have a valid military ID with you. Anna’s Linens - 10% off any purchase with Valid Military ID in store only Apple Computers - The discount varies, you need to sign up here – http://www.apple.com/r/store/government/ Applebee’s – Discount varies per location, simply ask and have a valid military ID with you Arby’s - Discount varies per location, simply ask and have a valid military ID with you. Ashford University – Discounted tuition at $250 a credit, books are covered for all required courses, waived application fee, waived technology fee and more! Benefits apply to all Active Duty, National Guard, Reservists and spouses, dependents eligible for survivor benefits, plus civilian DOD employees & separated vets/retirees still using their GI Bill. ASMBA – Armed Services...
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...movie thereby forcing the movie to start at 1:20 PM, well after the advertised time. The consortium has already taken the first step in determining the validity of Tommy’s case by pursuing a customer survey to determine whether the average moviegoer is dissatisfied with the showing of these pre-movie advertisements. The statistical results of these surveys as well as the guidelines formed by the consortium will be used to form our recommendations and conclusions regarding this matter. Facts: * Tommy was excited to see the movie “The Governator” at the Royal 16 Theater at the advertised time of 1:00 PM as stated in the local newspaper. * The advertised time of 1:00 PM appeared in multiple places: The local newspaper, verbally by the cashier, the movie theater’s marquee, and the ticket. * The ticket contained no other relevant statements * Tommy arrived at the theater 15 minutes before the posted start time of the movie. * Tommy paid a total of $18 for both ticket and concessions prior to the advertised time of the movie ($9 for the ticket and $9 for concessions) * The movie started at 1:20 PM instead of the advertised time because the theater showed 20 minutes of commercials. * Tommy watched a total of 30 minutes of the movie...
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...after the cinema has been cleaned as well. There may also be technical issues when it comes to playing the movie such as problems with the sound or picture quality. In order to proof this fail point, the staff must be properly trained and machinery must be maintained and up to date, also have technicians on standby all the time. Fail points can happen during the billing process such as give the wrong change or no money change available, also if the computer can't print a hard copy receipt this can be a fail pint since some customers will require a bill to take home with them. Another fail point could be when the staff validate the ticket or during greeting customers and when it comes to buying snacks. All of these maybe avoided by training the staff properly and by having a manger to watch over them. Wait points: from the time the customer buy the ticket he will be first standing in line and the waiting point in queue can be very long if it not managed properly for example if the customers will overtake the line, therefore you need to have good trained staff who can manage the crowd...
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...go to Lakewood pacific theaters on a Friday night. I want to find out how many people will choose to watch Insidious Chapter Two over The Family. To get a random sample I would ask the movie theater manager if I could see the record book of how many people went to see insidious and how many people went to see the family between six pm and eleven pm. I would use my calculator to generate three random numbers between six and eleven and compare the data. To get a systematic sample, I would stand outside the ticket booth and ask every fifth person who purchased a ticket what they chose to see. I would do this until I reached 100 people to use as my sample. To get a stratified sample, I would separate the population into teens and adults. I would interview every fifth teen and every fifth adult till I reached 100 for each sub group. To get a cluster sample, separate the population into teens and adults and interview every teen and adult that purchases a ticket. To get a convenience sample, I would go to watch one of the movies and interview a few people before I went in to watch the movie. I would choose the stratified sample to collect my data because I like the idea of dividing the population into different sections. The issue I encountered was that there were other movies playing so not every fifth person saw the movies I was centering my data...
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...Promotion Our company promotes our cinema through internet, flyer, collecting point to claim the ticket and newspaper. Our company will choose these methods is because it can easily attract customer. Nowadays, many people are using shopping, buying and entertaining in the internet. It is very interactive media which allow for a two-way flow of information. Many people are always getting the information through Facebook, so our company will set a website on Facebook. Through Facebook, customer can know what movie will inside our cinema it can easily give them to know about the news information of movie. People can get the new information through our facebook link is https://www.facebook.com/StarWatchCinema . Online-booking services also are provider in our company. Therefore, customer can book the ticket through online-booking services when they are busy at that time. The second promotion that use by our company is flyer. The target customer for our company is student so we will deliver the flyer at University, College and secondary school. At these three places, there are the places contain many people and are the faster way to promote our cinema because student can know this information through their colleague friend. Flyer also is the faster way to let people know our cinema because it can see anyway such as at the cafeteria, car park, and restaurant. Moreover, our company will design a card for collecting point for customers. We will let the customer...
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...stands inside the theatre. Business research is an important tool used to provide essential information to a company to ensure their success. There are key steps in the research process such as research questions, hypotheses, variables, ethical considerations; as well as discussing the significance, scope, magnitude, and feasibility of finding a solution to the issue, opportunity, or problem. Research Questions 1. Is it ethical to sneak snacks into a movie theater? 2. What happens if a person gets caught sneaking snacks into a movie theater? 3. Why does the food at movie theaters cost so much? 4. How do movie theaters make their money? Going to the movies has become an extravagant commodity. The sale of a movie ticket have gone up and doubled in price. An individual looks for ways to downplay the expenses of a day at the movies. Sometimes a person just wants to sit back and enjoy a snack and a drink while watching a movie, but does not want to pay the high price for it. It seems as though some movie theaters concerns themselves more with the food at the concession stands than the movies it shows. So, people feel obligated, whether right or wrong, toward sneaking food into the movie theater. He or she runs the risk of getting caught by sneaking in his or her own food. If caught, he or she could become banned from watching future movies in the theater. A movie theater deluges lots of money into research to acquire the knowledge needed for competitiveness...
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...Dear Local Government and State Officials: I have been experiencing a wonderful winter in the state of Maryland. We have not had a bad winter however, on the days expecting snow it always turns into a disaster. My husband called me on the phone this morning stating that he was unable to take my friend to the airport due to the snow plows blocking the driveway completely with snow. I had to leave my work that morning to try and make calls to make sure that the situation would not happen again. This is not the only time that this has happened. It happens very often when we get snow. I spoke with the men driving the truck at the time of the incident and advised him that my friend needs to get to the airport right away or she will miss her flight. He advised me that I needed to plow out my driveway because he needed to be somewhere else. I did not take that lightly at all. I contacted his boss who stated that I need to speak with the local government and make a complaint. I became irate at this point and began to scream and throw a fit which was not good at all. After several times of trying to contact you I kept running into a hard rock. I have left several messages and still have yet to receive a phone call back due to this matter. I am writing you this letter to explain my situation. My friend came in town to visit for a few days. Not knowing that we were expected to get snow at the time we received it. She was only to be here for a weekend. Due to the snow we received we were...
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...Ticket stubs Instructions 1 Buy a high quality sturdy travel journal. A pamphlet that is held together by staples will fall apart in days. Be sure your travel journal is bound like a book. Hard bound travel journals are the best. It doesn't need to be printed as a travel journal. It just has to be a book with a lot of empty pages. 2 Get in the habit of writing in your travel journal every day. When you are on a busy journey it is easy to forget to write. You will regret this later when priceless memories are forgotten. You may promise yourself that you will go back and write about your experiences later, but that almost never happens. Take a few minutes every day and jot down your memories. It doesn't have to be long, just on a regular basis. Sponsored Links Got A Manuscript? Are You Ready To Publish Your Manuscript? Sign Up Now! m.partridgepublishing.com/Singapore 3 Use your "down time" for your travel journal. There is a surprising amount of sitting around while traveling. You can always jot down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains, waiting for planes, drying your laundry, or waiting in line. 4 Date your entries in your travel journal. In your heading write down the day, where you are, who you are with, maybe even the weather and what you ate that day. These are the first details people tend to forget. Years later when you read your journal you will know exactly what you were doing on that day. The memories will come rushing back...
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...not rigorously applied and are insufficient to control the flow of cash in the theater. Mr. Antonelli asked a local accounting instructor, Mr. Cockerill, to observe the theater and provide comments. Table 2 presents the internal controls in place and Mr. Cockerill’s findings. Question 2. What control improvements would you suggest for Leo’s Four-Plex? I suggest some definite and immediate changes be made to the internal control of cash at Leo’s Four-Plex Theaters. The most obvious deficiency is the focus on non-monetary controls. There are three internal controls devised to make sure that customers see the movie they paid for (color-coded tickets), that all of the tickets are accounted for (locked stub box), and that every customer has a ticket (turnstile). The only monetary-based internal controls are the serially-numbered tickets and the cash count conducted. My recommendations to improve or increase the controls are provided below. 1. Every cashier...
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...people like to spend their leisure time at cinema. Research has shown that for a high percentage of people the decision to go to the cinema is made almost spontaneously. As in Malaysia, almost 60% of the people would like to spend their free time at cinema. GSC (Golden Screen Cinema), being the largest cinema in the Malaysia, facing a lot of problem in managing cinema due to the increase of customer services. As observed, people like to hang out for movie in weekends, school holiday and public holiday. For one particular movie, half of the cinema seat is reserved for the online or tele-booking ticket. Another half of the seat is open for sales at the ticket counter in cinema. As demand of people to watch the particular movie is more than the seat in cinema hall, many customers will have to wait a long queue before getting their movie ticket. Sometimes, customers will not get his movie ticket after a long queue because of the limited seat. As a result, people get frustrate of the services and complains make the cinema reputation goes down. On the other hand, it would be a hard time for cinema to satisfy customer needs due to the limited seat. Lose of customer means lose of profit. With their current system that only provides simply movie management, there will be a lot of trouble for the cinema management officers to handle the situation above. Without supportive and accurately of information, it take a lots of times to find a solution. The best decision cannot be taken due to...
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