...A Real World Economic Problem In other instances, an American administration, such as the current Bush Administration, supports the timber industry in the United States to assure political support in a critical general election (Goldfarb, 2002). In the current environment, the softwood lumber dispute is further aggravated by supply shortages in the production of lumber in the United States stemming from environmental and habitat protection. Timber harvesting restrictions have the effect of curtailing the supply of lumber available for the market. In the case of harvesting restrictions related to the protection of spotted owl habitat, most of the timber affected is softwood lumber used extensively in the construction of houses. When the supply of lumber is restricted with no corresponding curtailment of demand, supply and demand analysis predicts that lumber prices will increase in the short run. This analysis, however, is very narrow and does not take into consideration the impacts of alternative sources of the product or substitutes for the product (Janigan, 2002). In the case of softwood lumber used in the construction of houses, there are few viable substitutes. There is, however, for homebuilders in the United States a reliable alternative source of softwood lumber. The alternative source is Canada. Therefore, while curtailing the harvesting of softwood lumber in the Pacific Northwest did lead to a reduction in the domestically produced supply of softwood lumber in the...
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...Dote ond Time: lnslilute of Susloinqble Developmenl qnd Archileclure Assignmenl Cover Sheet This form rs fo be offoched to lhe front of all ossignmenfs, projecls, homework ond ony ofher ossessmenf ploced in lhe ossignmenf box. AII oreos below should be compleled lo ensure proficient processlng e.g. full nome of lecturer, your sludenl ID number, nqmel suby'ecf & subjecf code efc. lf ony of fhese oreos ore nol comoleled (with lhe exceplion of on individuol's name - see below) vour ossionmeni will nol be @P,RN'?R''Y processed. xFor individual assignments, Student name can be omitted if desired. However, group assignments must show all student ID numbers and names. SUBJECT: 5 L,i J) ] tlTqTl UxmsiKrrt"nlr\ l'J G Brti-tiltr.JSS DATE: SEMESTER: LECTURER: 5t.ll .l r Hal- J DECLARATION: "l hereby declore thot I hove reod ond understood the University Regulotions cheoting ond thot the work submitted by me/us does not breoch these regulo I \ )l s- ) L) & -L NAME: Naur: NAME: S8 tgt t , /G ^l,rsat'rrl t 'TGNATURE: srD: StGNerunr: SID: SrGN,crunr: SID: Naue: SIGNATURE: SID: NAME: SrGNerunr: NAME: SIGNATIJRE: Assignments will be collected everydoy of 4p.m. Any ossignmenfs submdfed offer fhe qllolled iime, rrespecfive of dqfe qnd lime sfomp, will be re-dofed qnd re-timed fo fhe following doy. Sfudenfs should ensure fhe Assessmenf Regulofions in ihe Bond Universily Hondbook reloling lo Plogiorism...
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...The success stories of early North American industrialists were often characterized as being about conquest through resourcefulness and natural ability. John Rudolphus Booth and Frederick Weyerhaeuser both came from an agrarian lifestyle and yet managed to evolve into “lumber kings” that prospered in the lumber industry through amassing significant amounts of knowledge about the trade. They both enjoyed “outside” work more than dealing with managerial problems and they were described as being very private people. However, John R. Booth was much more reticent and self-sufficient than Frederick Weyerhaeuser when it came to business whereas, Weyerhaeuser was very reliant on relationships with other people throughout his career. Therefore, while both of their careers seem incredibly similar at times, it was their personal characteristics and individual modus operandi that accounted for the disparities in their vocations. For instance, Weyerhaeuser, from the very beginning showed a tendency to move forward in business through networking and connections whereas, John R. Booth preferred to be self-supporting and achieving through preserving. In 1856, after moving to the Coal Valley Township in Rock Island County, Illinois, Weyerhaeuser began working in a small lumberyard attached to the Rock Island and sawmill . This was where he met F.C.A Denkmann who was also a German born immigrant much like Weyerhaeuser himself. They formed a friendship that later on changed into a family relationship...
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...manufacture of the materials used in Jake Phipps ISIS folding chair. This essay will also look into how the industrial revolutions contributed to the development of these material’s. The ISIS chair designed by Jake Phipps is a combination of plywood, softwood timber and finished in lacquer paint. The chair folds completely flat to a depth of 3cm. The chair is made from a series of flat geometric panels that are linked together and contained within its own encasing frame. Each panel is constructed from several high-strength laminations designed to flex and support the user. (Phipps, 2007) Phipps originally manufactured the chair on a small scale but once the demand grew, he worked with Gebruder Thonet-Vienna to produce the chair for the consumer market. This chair gave Phipps his foot in the door (Phipps, 2011). It was not a huge financial success but the opportunity’s that arose with Newspaper articles and journals gave Phipps the recognition from his peers in the design industry. During an interview with the author Phipps was asked to describe his design philosophy. I try very hard to do or come up with something unique and that’s not been seen before, but something that people can interact with and design that’s very much apart of them, like the folding chair, the mechanics involved which were quite clever, something that’s engaging. (Phipps, 2011) Sociology-political factors are a subject that all modern designers face, weather it be trying to put a...
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...South Australia, January 2002 Produced by: Site Property Services Department of Education, Training and Employment For information contact: DETE Site Property Services Asset Policy and Planning Phone (08) 8226 1253 DETE Facilities Design Standards and Guidelines Preface and Guidelines documents. Page 2 This document is a part of the DETE Facilities Design Standards It has been produced by the Department of Education, Training and Employment in consultation with Children’s Services staff for the following purposes:− To provide design guidelines for the planning of new centres. − To provide a reference for site managers when making changes and/or additions. − To assist in the assessment of manufactured equipment for suitability in Children’s Services Centres and Schools. This guide is located within the Standards and Guidelines document as follows. P PLANNING GUIDELINES P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 General Children’s Services Centre Primary/Junior Primary School Secondary School Area School Special Education TAFE Landscape and Planting Relocatable Buildings Environmental Design Disability Access Shade Structures Heating, Cooling & Ventilation Outdoor Learning Areas (Children’s Services Centres and Schools) D DESIGN GUIDELINES S STANDARDS S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 Introduction Buildings Fixtures, Fittings and Furniture Acoustics Heating, Cooling & Ventilation Exhaust Ventilation Fire Protection Hydraulics...
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...strongly affects the selection of structural type and structural cost. It is important, in the sense of safety and economics, that geological, geotechnical, and construction material investigations should be conducted by a team of experts on the specifications of coastal structures” (Alana Marina1). If the conditions of where you decide to put a truss bridge are harsh, the more money you may need to be able to build and create your bridge to withstand the conditions they may be in. However the most common truss bridge that is used is the warren truss bridge. Most engineers create this type of bridge because it is considered the easiest to design and one of the stronger bridges that are able to be structured. “The Warren Truss was patented by James Warren in 1848. It has been around a while. It is one of the most popular bridge designs and examples of it can be found everywhere in the world. The Warren Truss uses equilateral triangles to spread out the loads on the bridge. This is opposed to the Neville Truss which used isosceles triangles. The equilateral triangles minimize the forces to only compression and tension. Interestingly, as a load (such as a car or train) moves across the bridge sometimes the forces for a member switch from compression to tension. This happens especially to the members near the center of the bridge” (Garrett Boon1). The Warren Truss Bridge in Minnesota is a prime example of how strong the warren truss bridge actually is. It helps based on the...
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...Carolina.The Camelback has 4 additional connected pillars to the Parker. Truss Bridge #155 is also known as a cameback truss bridge.It is generally 160 feet long and is divided into 8 panels, with usually two trusses joined by a system or portal,lateral and sway braces.The truss system is adjoined.Each truss has die-punched eyes located on the bottom chords.They also have forge-welded double clevises on all tie bars.It’s supported by coarse stone o the north side and concrete piers, with a macadam covered plank road surface.The remains of the earthened base and timber serve as support for the central pier of an earlier bridge.This can be seen below the bridge.It’s said that the Department of Transportation created and completed a new concrete bridge spanning the Deep River eats of the Truss Bridge #155.The bridge itself was identified as a truss bridge by the North Carolina Department of Transportation because of it’s design and structure, which is spoken about previously in this...
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...The General Environment surrounding the timber industry and Weyerhaeuser is highly reliant upon six different segments. These segments are: demographics, economics, political/legal, sociocultural, technological and global. The environment within which a company operates is directly influenced by what is going on in each segment. Weyerhaeuser must constantly analyze the surrounding environment through scanning, monitoring, forecasting and assessing, to determine the environments changes and its subsequent effect on the company. Over the past decades the timber industry has had minimal demographic diversification. However, within the last decade they have recognized a demographic change within the U.S workforce and have mounted an aggressive campaign to recruit and develop job opportunities for women and minority groups. Weyerhaeuser, knowing that their current workforce is ageing has made it a priority to update their recruitment plans for new employees. Having seen class action lawsuits against other large companies for alleged gender and racial discrimination2, Weyerhaeuser is determined to change the internal culture of the company to incorporate women and minority groups into its workforce. Another issue for bringing in a diverse workforce for Weyerhaeuser has been its consumer market. In many states Weyerhaeuser’s markets are made up of a significant portion of an ethnic group. This has urged Weyerhaeuser to hiring a workforce that is supportive and reflects its consumer...
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...and Belaı¨ d Aounic a Institut Supe´rieur d’Informatique et de Mathe´matiques, Universite´ de Monastir, B.P. 223, C.P. 5000, Monastir, Tunisia, b Institut Supe´rieur de Gestion Industrielle, Universite´ de Sfax, B.P. 954, C.P. 3018, Sfax, Tunisia, c Decision Aid Research Group, School of Commerce and Administration, Faculty of Management, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E2C6 E-mail: baouni@laurentian.ca Received 15 October 2008; received in revised form 29 March 2009; accepted 9 April 2009 Abstract Quality function deployment (QFD) is a customer-oriented design tool for developing new or improved products to achieve higher customer satisfaction by integrating various functions of an organization. The engineering characteristics (ECs) affecting the product performances are designed to match the customer attributes (CAs). However, from the viewpoint of the QFD team, product design processes are performed in imprecise environments, and more than one factor must be taken into account in determining the target levels of ECs, especially the limited resources and increased market competition. This paper presents an imprecise goal programming (GP) approach to determine the optimum target levels of ECs in QFD for maximizing customer satisfaction under resource limitation and considerations of market competition. Based on benchmarking data of CAs, the concept of satisfaction functions is utilized to formulate explicitly the customer’s preferences and to integrate...
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...Philosophy and Design Pieter E. Vermaas • Peter Kroes Andrew Light • Steven A. Moore Philosophy and Design From Engineering to Architecture Pieter E. Vermaas Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands Andrew Light University of Washington Seattle USA Peter Kroes Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands Steven A. Moore University of Texas Austin USA ISBN 978-1-4020-6590-3 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-6591-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007937486 © 2008 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com Contents List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Design in Engineering and Architecture: Towards an Integrated Philosophical Understanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Kroes, Andrew Light, Steven A. Moore, and Pieter E. Vermaas Part I Engineering Design ix 1 Design, Use, and the Physical and Intentional Aspects of Technical Artifacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
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...factors in engineering design theory: a post-positivist approach Terence Love Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Western Australia Social, environmental and ethical factors in engineering design theory: a post-positivist approach Terence Love B.A. (Hons) Engineering This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The University of Western Australia. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering 1998 Abstract This research investigated how social, environmental and ethical factors can be better included in theories of engineering design. The research focused on designing as an essentially human activity via consideration of the epistemological and ontological issues involved in constructing coherent design theory. The research investigations led to a clearer understanding of the roles of ontology, epistemology and methodology in design research and this clarification enabled the construction of a post-positivist approach to engineering design theory that better includes social, environmental and ethical factors alongside the existing products of scientific engineering design research. Other contributions to knowledge that emerged from the research process and which underpin the conclusions include; clarification of the terminology and basic concepts of design research and engineering design research, historical...
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...This term means the equal of creativity plus implementation (Stamm, 2003). Implementation is important to innovation; if you are lacking this you basically only have creativity. The effect of innovation on the business industry is what pushes competitions accomplishments or failures. By understanding the current and future needs a consumer can go a long way; specifically on how to properly create a successful business plan. An example of market place innovation would be with Apple and their product the I-Pad. This was not a original idea, but Apple put a social twist on it and created the I-Pad; an everyday must have. • Design “It is a concept of realization or configuration of an idea, plan, model, drawings; pattern that assists to develop and achieve the items designated objectives (Business Dictionary, 2010).” In the corporate world, designs are defined and understood as a value of distribution, creativity, and concepts in exemplification of the company’s innovativeness. Creativity is a mental representative that provides a person the opportunity to think out of the median. “Creativity is what results in different approaches to services, goods, and innovation (Business Dictionary, 2010).” • Creativity The definition of creativity based on Webster’s Dictionary is: Creativity is marked by the ability or power to create- to bring into existence, to invest with a new form, to produce through imaginative skill, to make or bring into existence something...
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...Running head: TOTAL REWARDS Total Rewards: Strategically Achieving Business Results Strayer University Abstract Total Rewards reflects what employees’ value from its employer. It focuses on five elements that attract, motivate, and retain the talent to achieve business goals. These elements are: Compensation, Benefits, Work- Life, Performance and Recognition and Development and Career Opportunities (WorldatWork, 2007, p. 4). This paper describes the five advantages of a total rewards approach, five ways a total rewards strategy can go astray, six steps involved in the design of a total rewards program and eight steps involved in the communication process of a total reward program (WorldatWork, 2007, p. 15-64). Finally, the paper will summarize the components and the results of an effective design, implementation and communication strategy and result of a successful total rewards program. Total Rewards: Integrative Elements to Achieve Business Results Five Advantages One advantage of a total reward package is increased flexibility. Flexibility allows business’ to develop programs that cater to the needs of its employee by combining transactional and relational awards, allowing the reward package to meet the different emotional and motivational rewards of employees (WorldatWork, 2007, p. 15). Improved recruitment and retention is another advantage. Highly skills employees are in demand and, companies must find ways to attract and retain high performers. A comprehensive...
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...Besides the benefits from implementing the project, the cost in implementing is also important to be considered. The project would perform well only if we keep eyes on it during all procedures. The appropriate improvement would be proposed during the implementation of project in order to result in better achievement for the company. In conclusion, I would like to note that sales promotion is the element of the promotional mix that is aimed at increasing the volume of products sold via a trial or brand loyalty. The brand loyalty reflects the customer desire to buy the product or service of a given brand and depending on the level of brand loyalty that desire can be different. Sales promotion sends mixed signals with respect to building brand loyalty simply because it is hard to understand the amount of time or products needed to develop a buying habit that reflects brand loyalty. At the same time, sales promotion might be effective in building brand equity, or the existing value and association made by the consumer. Environmental friendly technologies can thus be said to have had a positive effect on motor sports and the world population at large since they have not only reduced pollution thus making the earth a safer place to live but they have also reduced the cost of living. This is in relation to soaring costs of fuel that have characterized the world markets in the recent past. (McKenna, 150-160) Top tier motor sports should therefore be encouraged to implement eco...
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...Company Overview Quality Web Design (QWD) is a company that specializes in Websites and Web Design content for any type of business. Their mission is to help other businesses increase their revenue by providing them with top quality websites for their customers. In addition, they own over 250,000 of proprietary images, and graphical designs. These designs are customized for every industry and demographic. Their business process is quite simple. They have a server at the Company Headquarters, where they store all of their proprietary data (including images, scripts, templates, etc). They utilize a Microsoft Visual Studio Team Foundation Service (TFS) server to manage their content and the progress of the project. “Team Foundation is a set of tools and technologies that enable a team to collaborate and coordinate their efforts on building a product or completing a project. Team Foundation enhances team communication, tracks work status, supports team roles, enacts the team process, and integrates team tools.” (Microsoft.com (2011) Team Foundation Overview) In addition to the Team Foundation, they also utilize Visual Studio to code, and build the websites. These resources are accesses through different methods. Those methods include WAN connection, VPN connection through a remote office, and through the corporate office via LAN. They also have other services such as Outlook Web Access for E-mail that is accessed via the methods mentioned above. They have also created...
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