CHAPTER I
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION
These days, the number of population has increases impulsively and according to Worldometers the real time world statistics, the current world population is about 7 billion. The population grows fast simultaneously the number of cars the people use in their everyday life. As stated in the report of Wards Auto, the global number of cars exceeded 1.015 billion as of 2010 and the OECD's International Transport Forum forecast that the number of cars worldwide would reach 2.5 billion by 2050.
Nowadays, living in the community with things having high technology people always choose to do their jobs more easily. They’re always tend to depend to other people to make things easier such as cleaning their cars. They prefer on going to car wash to pay for cleaning their cars rather than cleaning it themselves because, going to carwash makes them lives more easily and at the same time they also treat their cars.
Today's modern industrial environment the surface of a vehicle is subjected to daily abuse. The sun beats down on your car all day every day, pollutants and dirt deeply embed themselves into your paint, and minute slivers of metal become lodged into your paint which eventually rust. If you have owned a white vehicle or have observed one then you may have noticed specks of rust. Those metal slivers are the cause.
Car washing techniques vary amongst individual vehicle owners. Car washing is an essential function of preventive maintenance. Keeping the exterior of a vehicle clean prevents rust and oxidation and also reduces the occurrence of fine scratches. This article attempts to relay the most common m ethod and the significance of this pastime. Washing a vehicle with soap and a sponge is not the main body of work. In fact, this is only the preparation for the real cleaning. Soap and sponge will not remove all contaminants from a vehicle's surface. Other products will be required such as clay bars, cleaner wax, polish, etc.

Background of the Study: Hyper 5 Carwash and Detailing specializes in professional car care, detailing and restoration. This study is all about Time and Motion Study making use of its principles and thought. Reducing various waste procedures/process is the main aim of the researchers. The researchers intend that Hyper 5 Carwash and Detailing will increase their productivity by eliminating unnecessary movements under its current process.

Statement of the Problem: This study aims to identify the different ways: 1. On how to improve the existing carwash process on Hypher 5 Carwash and Detailing Center. 2. Be able to formulate alternative process that can enhance the efficiency and diminish the idle time happening in the carwash.

General Objective: To develop the existing process that will increase productivity of Hyper 5 Carwash and Detailing Center in manpower services.

Specific Objective: 1. Know the existing flow process chart on carwash. 2. Record the time of every process and manpower. 3. Determine the time in and time out of every car. 4. Know the productivity on the existing process. 5. Replicate the existing process of the chosen company.

Significance of the Study:
Researchers:
This study can serve as a guide for the researcher and to the other students. This study will help them to have the knowledge in time for them to build their own business system or process using all the concepts and ideas especially in the production of the industry.

Instructors:
The Instructors can use this study as a preference for the other students who is also making this research paper. They can also enhance their teaching technique.

Company:
For the Hyper 5 Car Wash and Detailing Center , this study can assist them to know thoroughly their system process and compare it to the proposed process and apply it in reality. They can create a new process eliminating the less important movements and putting the best procedures to increase the workers’ productivity.

Scope and Limitation: 1. The study is confined with the car wash or the process of cleaning cars or automobile, starting from washing to the drying process. 2. The study will be conducted at Hyper 5 Car Wash and Detailing at D. Tuazon, Quezon City. 3. From November 30, 2013 to January 18, 2014 the study is being conducted. 4. The researchers gathered data from the workers and asking informative details to the owner for the process of the business. 5. The observations of the researchers’ will describe the study through analysing the existing process to come up with a new process.

Chapter 2
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Related Literature and Studies In this chapter, the researchers review about other related literatures about Carwash business and other studies. Also, this chapter consists of Conceptual framework and definition of unfamiliar words used by the researchers.
According to Duduku Krishnaiah ( Dec 2012) the study on car shampoo formulation using D-optimal statistical design. Base on this study the production of new cars is increasing year by year. The detergent demand for car washing is also increasing in parallel with production of cars. Car shampoo is produced from the combination of surfactant, fragrance, stabiliser and other materials. The good formulation consists at least of five components. Surfactant is the base material of the car shampoo formulation. It is the chemical species that is active and has a preference for a surface or interface which is the boundary between two phases. When the surfactant is used as emulsifier, it decreases the energy differences between the two phases to allow a relative stable mixture of oil and water. Generally, surfactant can be divided into four main groups: anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric based on the chemical group.
The problem faced in the car shampoo formulation development is to achieve the optimum performance with good appearance and stability. In the formulation work, statistical experimental design is commonly used to obtain a product with the required characteristics.
The primary goal of designing an experiment statistically is to obtain valid results at minimum of effort, time and resources. There were several experimental design techniques used for formulation work such as factorial design and mixture design. However, it should be noted that factorial design cannot be used to study in such mixtures since the variables are not independent. The sum of all fractions of the components used must be equal to 1. The mixture design represents an efficient approach for solving such optimisation problem. It was found to be an effective tool to select the best liquid detergent formulation.
This research was based on the five main surfactants, namely, sodium metasilicate (SMS),sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES), coco dimethyl betaine (betaine), coconut fatty acid diethanolamide (CDE) and linear alky benzene sulphonate (LABS). These surfactants are widely used in detergent industry as these are biodegradable. The formulations were based on the composition designed by D-optimal mixture method. Physical properties of the car shampoo such as pH, foaming ability and power of removal were studied. The responses of these components were analysed and optimised. Contour graphics were formed to assess the change in the response surface in order to understand the effect of the mixture composition on car shampoo characteristics.
Chris Brown (2002) stated that in an effort to clarify water consumption and water conservation measures in professional car washes, the International Carwash Association commissioned a study of techniques used to conserve and reclaim water in the car wash industry and to define those techniques in a standardized manner. In 1999, the “Water Conservation in the Professional Car Wash Industry” report was published. It described the water use and conservation techniques for self-service, in-bay automatic, and conveyor car washes. The results of that examination were designed to advance the discussion of water usage, conservation and reclaim in the professional car wash industry.
In a feasibility study of Warun Jirachaisingh (2006) about launching car wash business in Bangkok. The purpose of this study was to identify the direction of market opportunity for car wash business in Bangkok and provide database and information for entrepreneurs who are interested in this business can make a decision on investing in launching car wash business based on customers’ need not just financially but also in other aspects of management as well. The study investigated the investigated the significance of the relationship between demographic factors, marketing mix factors and factors that influence decision making on using car wash service in Bangkok.

Based on the economic feasibility of car wash by Steve A. Johnson (2001), the following report provides an empirical analysis of the economic feasibility of a car wash to be located at the corner of Pebble Hills Boulevard and George Dieter Drive in east El Paso, Texas. The proposed facility would be located in the southeast corner of the intersection and consist of two fully automatic car wash bays, six self-serve service wash bays and eight selfservice vacuum stations. The study addresses the basic question: “Will there be sufficient demand in the area to support the construction and operation of such facility at this location at this time?” In addition, the report considers the impact of the construction and operation of a similar facility 1 1/2 miles from this location.
The first section of this report contains a description of the general location of the proposed car wash. Included in this section are details on the population of the area, traffic counts on the surrounding surface streets and the location of competing operations. The second section describes the result and conclusions of the survey process. The general operating assumptions associated with the operation of the facility are described in section three. This data includes projected customer traffic, customer expenditures and operating expenses. The final section contains the general conclusion and specific recommendation for the study as well as supporting documentation. According to Christopher Crawford and John Diehl (2011), car washes can be very challenging projects and one of the most difficult for any architect to design correctly. Paramount in car wash design is the site layout. It must be addressed first before any building design can begin. The challenges in site are to determine the best way possible to design the site to maximize the flow of vehicles; deliver the best tunnel/conveyor length and stacking; and to establish the best locations for aftercare areas, free vacuum spaces, and other features.
Achieving a good site layout for a typical rectangular-shaped can be somewhat complicated, but when confronted by an odd-shaped or convoluted property with major setbacks, multiple utility easements, or difficult zoning restrictions, this challenge can be overwhelming. However, no property is truly impossible to work with. Even in the worse scenarios, a decent workable car wash design can be accomplished if enough time and effort is put into it. To illustrate how this can be done, below are three case studies of real car wash design projects with challenging sites.

Research Paradigm

` This framework is composed of three figures. Figure 1 show the input knowledge of time and motion study where the concept and ideas really matter. Next is the process where the sets of instruments being used to collect the necessary data needed like stopwatch and data sheet are shown in Figure 2. Then Figure 3 gives an idea about the outcome of the time study.

Assumptions: a. The current process of the carwash service centre includes may delay time and non-productive stages. b. There are some idle times that occur in the process. Personal delay, waiting time causes the prolonging of the process.

Definition of Terms: 1. Car Wash * It’s a process of washing of cars and other motor vehicles 2. Tire blacking * It’s a process of putting oil in tires. 3. Time Study * an analysis of a specific job in an effort to find the most efficient method in terms of time and effort 4. Standard Time * Normal time multiply by 1 plus allowance time. 5. Rating Factor * A measure that is used by the companies to rate their employee. 6. Idle Time * This is part of the workers on their job which not do it for some reason. 7. Normal Time * It’s the time for the workers to perform the operation at standard procedure without delay. 8. Performance Rating * It’s where you can evaluate the workers.

9. Propose Layout * This part where we can see the recommended design of the researchers. 10. Existing Process * This is the actual process of doing their job of some workers.

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter will show how the researchers conduct the study in the company, includes the research design, research locale wherein the place of the study is to be conducted, sources of data, research instruments, data gathering procedure and treatment of data for the completion of this study.
Research Design The time and motion study is being conducted to achieve its main goal that is to improve the existing process in the service offered in carwash centre. It can achieve its purpose through direct observation and work measurement technique. Through this, the researchers can plan and formulate new ideas on how to improve the process in more productive way.
Research locale Hyper 5 Carwash & Detailing Center located at 110 D.Tuazon st. cor Maria Clara, Quezon City, Philippines
Sources of Data
Primary Source The primary sources of data to fulfill this research were procured the company itself. Hyper 5 Carwash & Detailing center the needed information in accomplishing this research the researchers conducted interview from the owners as their primary source.

Secondary Source The secondary source of data were attained through internet for getting related studies and meanings for those terms us ed in this study and books to get ideas about time and motion study that would help them to know to determine the methods to be used in this research.
Data Gathering Procedure Data are gathered in such a way that all necessary information were presented and undergone through data analysis. Analyzing the needed data provided by the company gave adequate details. Added information given by organizations or research data on the internet made some details concrete.
Data Gathering Instrument
Stopwatch
Researchers used the stopwatch in getting the time of exact time of each process.
Computer/Computer Software Microsoft Excel is used by the researchers in making the process flow chart in order to illustrate the existing process implemented and the proposed process made by the researchers.

Parking
Glass
Body
Drying
Rinse
Foam Wash
Pressured Water
Washing
Vacuum
Wiping
Interior Cleaning
Tire black
OPERATION PROCESS CHART

Exterior cleaning

Treatment of Data
The following are the formulas the proponents used to evaluate overall time in the whole process.
FORMULAS:
Standard Deviation

Where:
Xj = Element observation
Xbar = Mean of initial sample
S = Standard Deviation
Normal Time: Normal time = ((Average Time)(Rating Factor)) Or if the allowance is given, use the average. Standard Time: St = Normal Time (1 + Allowances)
Percentage Increase
P.I. = Proposed Process Productivity - Existing Process Productivity X 100 Proposed Process Procedure
Labour Productivity L.P = Output/Human Effor
CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION This chapter presents both existing and proposed process flowchart. Also, the observation will be seen here, wherein it is used in computing the normal and standards time of every process.
Table 4.1 Existing Flow Chart

Table 4.1 shows the existing flow process chart of Hyper 5 Carwash and Detailing Center. Time of whole process in existing layout: 20486.91 seconds per unit.
Existing Layout:

Table 4.2 Proposed Flow Chart

Table 4.2 shows the proposed flow process chart to be propose to Hyper 5 Carwah and Detailing Center. Eliminated unnecessary process and combined activity.
Eliminated time: 1064.58 unit per second
Time: 19421.42 unit per secon
Proposed Layout

Existing Elements:

Proposed Elements:

Solving for Normal and Standard Time:
Normal Time:
Average Time * Performance Rating of the worker Existing Element:

2048.7*.95 = 2156.53 seconds per unit

Proposed Element:

1942.9*.95 = 2045.158 seconds per unit

Standard Time

Normal Time*(1+Allowable Factor) Existing Element:

2156.53(1+.12) = 2415.3136 seconds per unit

Proposed Element:

2045.158(1+.12) = 2290.577 seconds per unit

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

In this chapter, the summary of findings in the observation is being interpret and concluding statements of every findings and recommendation of the researchers.

Summary of Findings:
There are number of elements that needs to be improve or can do once only. Some of the delays and element is eliminated for improvement. The study shows that proposed layout and proposed process flow chart can help in improving the productivity of the center.

Conclusions:
The researchers were to do the broad objective which can make the process, outline improved by using the method of time and motion studies which would be use to diminish the number of movement in performing a chore in order to enlarge productivity and reduce delay on the workers to enhanced the existing process to multiply the productivity of the business.

Recommendations 1. The carwash center must implement 5’s in cleaning their facilities. 2. Maintain and check the condition of every machine and equipments. 3. Health awareness of each worker through regular visit to medical centres. 4. Acquire mission and vission. Mission, to know the real goal of the business that satisfies their customsers. Vission, to know the future desires for the business. 5. Maintain standard of brightness in the working area