...Morganne Rhine Tim Timmons US History II 11/27/12 The Oklahoma City Bombing This is a review of the book entitled Terrorist Attacks: The Oklahoma City Bombing by Geraldine Giordano. The author’s purpose is to inform the reader about the life of Timothy McVeigh, convicted bomber, the destructive plan, the actual bombing, the investigation of the case, and the aftermath. Giordano hooks the reader by implementing a very dramatic introduction of the events of that morning. “It was a day no one would soon forget” (Giordano 5). The first chapter is devoted to the life of Timothy McVeigh, his biographical information, and additional facts of interest to the reader, such as McVeigh and a friend bought 10 acres of land in New York and told their parents that they wanted to use the land for hunting. In reality, they planned to use the land as a survivalists’ bunker. It was surprising to learn that McVeigh wanted to be a Green Beret but failed the required psychiatric test. Chapter two is devoted to the alliance between McVeigh, Terry Nichols, and Michael Fortier. The author suggests that the Ruby Ridge incident and the Waco incident concerning the Branch Davidians were turning points for McVeigh. The author argues that the Murrah Building was targeted for several reasons. The first reason being that McVeigh knew the building contained several government offices and agencies. According to her, McVeigh believed that he could retaliate against those who were responsible for...
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...Oklahoma City Bombing: 1995 Mary Kate Hudson EMGT 616 – Spring 2015 A rental truck was filled with improvised explosive devices and was left in front of a busy federal building in Oklahoma City. The aftermath of the explosions left over 150 people dead and many more severely injured. This was the worst case of domestic terrorism that the country had seen to date. Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building The Murrah building was named after an Oklahoma federal judge Alfred P. Murrah. It was designed and created in March of 1977 out of reinforced concrete (Locke). The building had nine floors that contained 16 federal buildings including the Social Security Administration, Secret Service, Drug Enforcement Administration, Alcohol, Tobacco,...
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...a desire for fame. . Timmy McVeigh was convicted of the bombing and was eventually executed, while Terry Nichols was convicted of conspiracy in connection with the bombing and is serving life in prison. 22 years later, the Oklahoma City Bombing is known as the deadliest act of homegrown terrorism in the nation’s history. 5 thousand pounds of explosives were inside of the Ryder truck that Timothy McVeigh parked in front of the Murrah Building. In a matter of seconds, the bomb went off killing 168 people, and injuring hundreds more. Along with the injured people, some additional damage that was caused by this act of terror includes cars that were incinerated and more than 300 buildings that were...
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...THE OKLAHOMA BOMBING CONSPIRACY The Oklahoma City bombing which occurred on April 19, 1995 has gone down in history as the worst domestic terror attack in the history of the United States. The attack on the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building killed 168 people, including 19 children, and injured over 500 others. The front of the building was blown up with a fertilizer bomb hidden in a rented truck. Timothy McVeigh aged 33, a Persian Gulf War veteran, was responsible for the attack. He has since been convicted and was executed with Potassium Chloride injection on June 11, 2001 at the Federal penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana. Two other persons indicted in the case were Terry Nichols and Michael Fortier, friends of McVeigh and fellow veterans....
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...Robert Bales Case On March 11th of 2012, Robert Bales illegally shot and killed sixteen Afghanistan civilians. By committing these murders, Bales violated multiple articles of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Bales was charged with for three different violations, these include Article 80, Article 118 and Article 128 of the UCMJ(documentcloud.org). Article 80 states that anyone on active duty cannot commit or attempt an act with the intent to violate any of the Punitive Articles, will be convicted for their act(ucmj.us). Article 118 says that an active duty member cannot unlawfully conspire to injure, rape, steal from or kill anyone without justification (ucmj.com). The final article that Bales was charged for was Article 128 which states that a person cannot commit assault that is likely to cause harm to the victim(ucmj.com). Bales violated all of these articles and was sentenced to life in prison because of his actions....
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...has become a problem around the world. Many innocent people are killed by terrorists. You can see terrorism in multiple forms including but not limited to, bombing, hijacking, cross border terrorist activities and massacres on a massive scale. Its consequences are very frightening. Though much effort is put into eliminating terrorism, it is impossible to get rid of it until some strict laws are devised. Whenever and wherever society is victim to brutality, injustice, wrongs and intolerance, terrorism cannot be eradicated. Terrorism was a dormant issue in the media until the attacks on the USA. The organized use of violence to target non-combatants for political purposes, is one of the most effective ways to gain media attention. Mainly used by extremist groups in the hopes of gaining recognition for their cause (weather it is religious, political or otherwise.) Several attacks on the US have recently made headlines. The attack on the USS Cole (October 12, 2000), US Embassy bombings in Kenya + Tanzania (August 7, 1998), Oklahoma City bombing (April 19, 1995) and finally the World Trade Centre bombing on February 26 1993. What we need to recognize about terrorism is its message. Attacks are always perfectly planned and precise, almost showing that they could do better. It was a clear, beautiful day in the town of Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995. Richard Williams arrived to work as normal, waving and smiling to his co-workers as he headed through the hallways of the Alfred P. Murrah...
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...Stephen Jonesof the events leading up to the horrific bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. In Cover Up, Peter Lance exposes how the American government had evidence and knowledge prior to the attack on 9-11 and failed to act appropriately. Both of these books share various similarities but two that stand out the most are that the government had prior knowledge that wold have prevented both devastating attacks on American soil and how the government leisurely handled both investigations. We would expect that the government to protect us from a foreign invader or a domestic attack but failed both tasks, in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995, and the terrorist attack in New York on September 11, 2001. No one will ever forget the Oklahoma City bombing on the Murrah Federal Building which killed 168 people, including nineteen children under the age of six (Jones 16). It has been portrayed as an attack by Americans, Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols, against other Americans. This attack, which could have been prevented, has strong evidence that McVeigh and Nichols were only two members of a broad conspiracy, one that included other white supremacists and possibly Iraqi agents. Larry Mackey, number-two prosecutor on the government’s team, called Stephen Jones to see if he would join him in denouncing the claim of Carol Howe, an informant for the ATF, that the government had prior knowledge of the bombing over a press conference (Jones 218). To make such an incredible...
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...is known as domestic terrorism. This has been seen over the past decade in the form of violence and terrorism across the United States. This has become a threat to American security and the American people in general. To battle against this issue, Congress has upheld the Anti-Terrorism Act in 1996. One of the best examples on examining these acts of uproar can be viewed, seen and understood by studying the case of the Oklahoma bombing which occurred in 1996. Major newspaper headlines have also described the World Trade Center bombing, the Unabomber’s arrest and Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta as other major cases. All this demonstrates how sinister1 terrorism is in American society. This paper will explain background data on anarchy/terrorism, case studies including the Oklahoma bombing, government’s reaction toward terrorism. In addition terrorism now and the years coming. A number of terrorist attacks in the 1990s have brought the fear to the public, giving rise to vulnerability2 between many Americans. Most terrorist incidents in the United States have been bombing attacks, involving detonated and undetonated explosive devices, tear gas and pipe and fire bombs. The effects of terrorism can cause loss of life and injuries to property damage and disruptions in services such as electricity, water supply, public transportation and communications. The dictionary defines terrorism as “ n. the policy of using acts to inspiring terror as a method of ruling or of conducting political...
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...Federal Prison Comparison Tanya Gildner CJA/234 May 30, 2011 Sherri Webster Federal Prison Comparison Depending on the type of crime an individual commits will depend on the type of prison he or she is sentenced to stay. If an individual commits a bank robbery, or commits a crime in another state he or she will be sentenced to a federal prison. This paper will consist of eight individuals who have been sentenced to federal prisons for crimes they have committed. Though the crimes are not of similarity, they have one thing in common and that is spending time in a federal prison. Martha Stewart Martha Stewart is a successful businesswoman, and she has established a well-known business. Martha Stewart committed a crime of “…obstructing justice, conspiracy, and making false statements during an insider trade investigation…” (Crawford, 2004). Martha was found guilty of the charges brought against her, which she did receive a prison sentence of five months in a federal prison. Afterwards Martha was placed on house arrest for an additional two months and served two years of probation. The federal prison where Martha was detained to was Alderson Federal Prison. Alderson Federal Prison is known as the oldest prison for women. Alderson is a minimum security prison that was set up to rehabilitate women prisoners back into society. Ivan Boesky Like Martha Stewart, Ivan Boesky was incarcerated for insider trading as well. “Once considered wall street’s leading speculator...
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...Running head: PRISON COMPARISON PAPER Federal Prison Comparison Paper Jessica Cantu University of Phoenix Introduction to Corrections CJA 234 Jeffery Newton November 12, 2011 Federal Prison Comparison Paper There are different kinds of state prisons are: supermax, maximum security, close-high security, medium security, minimum security, and open security. Supermax prisons are permanent lockdown. Maximum security prisons are usually older, larger, walled facilities. They also have the most rigorous security procedures and the lowest inmate to guard ratio. Close-high security are a kind of maximum security but less restrictive and the inmate to guard ratio is a bit higher. Medium security prisons are smaller and newer, and have double fences instead of walls. These prisons also have dorm or pod housing rather than cells; however, the inmate to guard ratio is a bit higher. Minimum security prisons are also newer and smaller as well as minimal perimeter security and fewer internal controls. Again there is an even higher inmate to guard ratio and the inmates live in rooms or dorms and have more privacy and amenities than those in other prisons. Open security prisons are better known as nonsecure facilities; work release centers, prerelease centers, and halfway houses. These facilities have no armed guards and no fences (Foster, 2006). John Gotti John Gotti grew up in poverty but quickly rose in prominence, and was one of the crime family's biggest...
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...educating the public not to stereotype as some Muslims may be the victims themselves. THE ISSUES AND WHO ARE INVOLVED The world has been plagued by terrorism, especially so over the past decade and this has led to widespread discrimination against Muslims. This is due to the fact that many of the terrorist acts were carried out by terrorist groups such as Al Qaeda and Jemaah Islamiah whose members are mainly of Muslim religion. However, there are much overlooked facts such as majority of the Muslims are actually not involved in those terrorist acts and some of the Muslims may even be victims of those terrorist acts themselves. One example of discrimination against Muslims would be the Oklahoma City bombing incident executed by Timothy McVeigh, an American, whereby Muslims were suspected for the bombing even before investigations started. Another would be the very recent French study led by David Laitin of Stanford University in California which shows that Muslims in European countries are more likely to be unemployed compared to people of other religions. Thus, such unreasonable discrimination against the Muslims has made me come to a decision to write about this topic as I feel that it is unfair for Muslims to be stereotyped just because of a few groups of terrorists who share the same religion as them. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT FOR US TO TALK ABOUT IT In the second example stated above, discrimination against the Muslims in...
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...The book states that civil law “is referred to as private law because it addresses the definition, regulation, and enforcement rights in cases in which both the person who has the right and the person who has the obligation are private individuals” (Fagin, 152). Many of the civil rights cases involve, not just an individual but a corporation or business. One of the most famous civil cases is Gottsdanker v. Cutter Laboratories. In 1954, Dr. Jonas Salk created a cure to end the Polio epidemic that killed thousands. Cutter Laboratories were responsible in mass producing the vaccine and within a year over 200 children contracted Polio from the vaccine itself. This lawsuit revealed that Cutter Laboratories had not followed Salk’s formula and were...
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...Federal Prison Comparison Team A CJA/234 Robin Marmon-Instructor September 22, 2014 There are many different types of prisons and federal penitentiaries throughout the Unites States of America and many of them are l out differently but all possess similar regulations as far as visiting, employment and rehabilitative services are concerned. It makes no difference if; you are young or old in age, have medical issues, race or ethnicity, if you commit a crime you are going to serve time in some type of correctional facility or be state property in some form such as; probation or parole. The type of correctional facility that you will be sent to really depends on the level of crime you commit. If it is a superior level crime you will be sent to a correctional facility but if it is a federal offense you will be set to a federal correctional facility which will each have a different level of security based on how extensive the crime is that you committed. Here is an example of a variety of different federal penitentiaries. General Manuel Noriega, former Panamanian Dictator from 1983 to 1989. Noriega is no ordinary man, after High School he had military preparation at Chorizos Military Academy in Peru. In 1962 graduated with an engineering degree. In 1967, he received counterintelligence training at the School of the Americas at Fort Gulick, when it was located in the U.S. Army base in Panama. Later he was also trained in psychological operations at Fort Bragg, North Carolina...
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...Changed Forever For years, I have wanted to visit the Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum. My youngest son had been there and was immensely touched by this. Therefore, I determined this assignment would be the perfect opportunity for me to visit and in turn write about it. Immediately, in all honesty, I understood that this memorial and museum was a dedication of peace and hope that will change you forever. The museum is a place of amazing transformation that offers a unique insight of the events that took place on April 19, 1995. As you enter the museum, the first item you see is a huge wall that states, “Just like communities everywhere, it is the start of a day like any other day”, but as you proceed, the story of that day is revealed gallery by gallery showing you that it was not an ordinary day. As you approach the end of the third floor, which is where the tour begins, you are greeted by Gus, an elderly man, probably in his early seventies and full of knowledge of the events that took place that day. He explains that we are about to hear an actual audio recording of a water board hearing that was held across the street from the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building on the morning of the bombing. Our group, roughly 20 people, is ushered into a room where the audio is playing, approximately two minutes into the hearing; you hear a loud explosion followed by panicked shouting as the faces of the 168 victims killed that day are displayed on the screen...
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...Racial Profiling Prof. James Wright/CRJS420 By Viktoria Gavre American InterContinental University June 20, 2013 Racial Profiling Introduction On April 19, 1995, around 9 a.m. a yellow Ryder Rental truck pulled up into a parking area outside the Alfred P. Murrah Building in Oklahoma City. Two minutes later all hell broke loose as the truck’s 4000-pound cargo blasted the government building shattering one-third of the seven-story building. Investigators got it right, they said the suspect was a white male, possibly with military training. Timothy McVeigh thinking he was defending the Constitution, caused the death of 168 and wounded more than 500 others (Ottley, n.d). Nobody was surprised because it seemed like something a “white person” would do. Fast forward to October 2002, just over a year from the September 11th attacks. The nation is in a panic wondering when the next attack is going to take place. Then on October 2, 2002 about 5:20 p.m. a victimless shot rang out in the Washington Metropolitan Area this was followed by an hour later a man was shot in the parking lot at a grocery store. The next day four more people were shot in a 2 hour period. The “DC Sniper” spent the next 3 weeks terrorizing the citizens of the Washington DC area with random shootings. Profilers were brought in to assist local law enforcement in narrowing down the suspect. This time they got it wrong. The FBI behavioral scientist profile team said the suspect was a white male, working alone...
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