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To What Extent Are the Two Major Parties Ideologically Distinct from One Another? (45 Marks)

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To what extent are the two major parties ideologically distinct from one another? (45 marks) Similar to each other | Distinct from one another | * Both parties agree in upholding the American constitution | * Especially on controversial issues;Gun law=Republican- oppose gun control laws and are strong supporters of the second amendment as well as the right to carry concealed weaponsDemocrat- in favour of more gun control laws e.g. they oppose the right to carry concealed weapons in public places Abortion=Republican- believe abortions should not be legal and that Roe V. Wade should be overturned. Some republicans go as far to oppose the contraception mandate i.e. requiring employer-paid health insurance plans to cover contraceptionDemocrat- support abortion rights and keeping elective abortions legalMilitary=Republican- prefer increasing military spending and have a more hard line stance against countries like Iran, with a higher tendency to deploy the military optionDemocrat- prefer lower increases in military spending and are comparatively more reluctant using military forces against countries like Iran , Syria and Libya * Both parties have different views of the role of the governmentRepublican- favour small government both in terms of the number of people employed by the government and in terms of the roles and responsibilities of the government in society= negative freedom. For example, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is a government agency that many republican presidential candidates love to deride as an example of “useless” government agencies that they would shut down. Another example is the food stamps programme, republicans in Congress are demanding cuts in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), while democrats want to expand this programme. Democrats would argue that with unemployment rate high in the economy, many families need the assistance provided by the programme whereas republicans would argue that there is a lot of fraud in the program that is wasting taxpayer dollars. Democrat- favour big government and believe that the government should look towards the greater good for the welfare of the people, irrespective of individual interests |

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