...1. What is Costco’s current business model and why is it appealing? Costco’s business model is predicated on a best-cost theme. They take the low-priced supplier approach and mix that with creating price of the many stakeholders by targeting on wonderful client service, a severe code of beliefs, treating staff like family, concerning suppliers, satisfying shareholders, and a robust intelligence of environmental place. They need to enforce distinctive cost-saving methods in their production, operations, and selling that has allowed them to draw in the foremost affluent customers in discount selling. The central focus of their business model turned around high sales volumes and fast inventory turnover by giving fee-paying members beautifully low costs on a restricted choice merchandise that include a mix of across the country branded and illicit private-label products in an exceedingly wide selection of merchandise classes. This is an awfully appealing business model because it provides the power to control fruitfully at a lot of lower profit margin by securing marketer volume getting agreements, economical distribution, no-frill self-service warehouse facilities and supplemental membership fee revenue. Another magnet is because of the high sales volume and fast inventory turnover style of this business model, the accelerated money conversion cycle permissible Costco to gather the funds for inventory before marketer liabilities changing into due. This provided for marketer finance...
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...For a company owning a worth business in any big stock market always have a tool to analyze its performance. The tool could be like an annual report which deliberately assesses a company’s fiscal health, financial status and market position within any specific period (Thomsett, 2007). Annual reports hold a great importance for organization, especially when the organization is owned by multiple owners or is a public limited firm (Thomsett, 2007). To develop the prospect of the company there is a need for a document like an annual report which gives year after year information about the company performance and growth tactics (Thomsett, 2007). There are different reasons of why enterprises give importance to annual reports. Some of the reasons include clean market analysis, comparative financial assessment and productivity analysis which is no other possible if there are no annual reports to compare. It has been that in markets where there is a major population of investors and share holders then enterprises come out regularly with the activity of reporting (Stittle, 2003). Enterprises know that by announcing their financial health (annual report) publically, they are able to connect to their shareholders, distributors and investors, which is very important for both growth and expansion of the business. Meanwhile, annual reports also assess market position as by expressing financial numbers the feedback of market (consumer, investor, shareholder and competitor) is testified and...
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...Case 20: The Walt Disney Company Introduction The Walt Disney Co. is an enigma in these rough economic times for the sole purpose that they show minimal signs of slowing down. Mickey Mouse has his hands dipped into everything and from an investor’s standpoint that’s a good thing because that equals diversification, and in turn, diversification lowers risk. The Disney Company operates in several areas of the media and entertainment industry. They have recently acquired Pixar, which consistently provides box office record sales with their animated films. Along media entertainment lines, Disney also operates dominant media channels ABC and ESPN. These are two channels that carry with them a strong loyal following. Sports have always been America’s past time and it’s unlikely to see them ever declining or the viewership that goes along with it. People have always poured capital into sports and will continue to for many centuries to come. Aside from Disney’s ventures, investors focus and confidence should be in the trademark of Disney. Characters such as Mickey Mouse and Buzz Light-year are icons that will never be lost in the pages of time. Kids and adults alike will always want to participate in the next big thing the company has to offer and these kinds of expectations will always lead to Disney having a stable stock price and even unstable in the positive manner because the growth potential is limitless for this company. You can see that limitless with the many franchises...
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...Analysis. | | Yatsenko Dmitriy, Sultanov Teymur, Iskenderov Vasif 4/30/2012 | Contents History 2 Mission Statement Analysis 2 Customer Loyalty 2 Profit 2 Market Leadership 2 Growth 2 Employee Commitment 2 Leadership Capability 2 Global Citizenship 2 Industry and Competitive Analysis 2 Dominant Economic Characteristics 2 Driving Forces 2 Key Success Factors 2 Five Forces Analysis 2 Rivalry Between Firms 2 Force of Buyers 2 Force of Suppliers 2 Force of New Entrants 2 Force of Substitutes 2 Company Situation Analysis 2 Corporate Strategy 2 Generic Strategy 2 How Well Is This Strategy Working? 2 SWOT Analysis 2 Cost Competitiveness 2 Diversification Efforts 2 Financial Analysis 2 Market Share 2 % Change in Sales 2 Operating Margin 2 Net Profit 2 Net Profit Margin 2 Working Capital % Change 2 Long Term Debt % Change 2 Shareholders Equity % Change 2 Return on Total Capital 2 Return on Shareholders’ Equity 2 Gross Profit Margin 2 Operating Profit Margin 2 Net Profit Margin 2 Return on Total Assets 2 Return on Capital Employed 2 Earnings Per Share 2 Current Ratio 2 Quick Ratio 2 Inventory to Net Working Capital 2 Debt To Asset Ratio 2 Debt To Equity Ratio 2 Long Term Debt to Equity Ratio 2 Times Interest Earned 2 Inventory Turnover 2 Fixed Asset Turnover 2 Total Asset Turnover 2 Accounts Receivable Turnover 2 Average Collection Period 2 Price Earnings Ratio 2 ...
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... ON ISLAMIC BANKING Prepared by Mr. Imran Ahmad Mr. Ghulam Shabbir Islamic Banking Department State Bank of Pakistan Karachi. PART 1: RIBA AND INTEREST......................................................................................... 4 Question No. 1). What is Islamic Banking? ................................................................................................ 4 Question No. 2). What is the philosophy of Islamic banking?.................................................................... 4 Question No.3) What is Meant By Riba? .................................................................................................... 5 Question No.4) What is interest? Is there any difference between interest and Riba? ............................ 5 Question No. 5) What are the different kinds of Riba?.............................................................................. 6 Question No. 6). What are the revelations/verses in Holy Quran regarding prohibition of Riba/interest? ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Question No. 7) What are the sayings/Ahadith about Riba/Interest? .................................................... 10 Question No.8) Are there any injunctions against Riba/usury in religious texts other than Holy Quran? ...........................................................................
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...OUTLINES PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Other Books in Schaum’s Easy Outlines Series Include: Schaum’s Easy Outline: Calculus Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Algebra Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Mathematics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Discrete Mathematics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Differential Equations Schaum’s Easy Outline: Elementary Algebra Schaum’s Easy Outline: Geometry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Linear Algebra Schaum’s Easy Outline: Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and Tables Schaum’s Easy Outline: Precalculus Schaum’s Easy Outline: Probability and Statistics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Statistics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Trigonometry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Business Statistics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Principles of Accounting Schaum’s Easy Outline: Applied Physics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Biology Schaum’s Easy Outline: Biochemistry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Molecular and Cell Biology Schaum’s Easy Outline: College Chemistry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Genetics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Human Anatomy and Physiology Schaum’s Easy Outline: Organic Chemistry Schaum’s Easy Outline: Physics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Programming with C++ Schaum’s Easy Outline: Programming with Java Schaum’s Easy Outline: Basic Electricity Schaum’s Easy Outline: Electromagnetics Schaum’s Easy Outline: Introduction to Psychology Schaum’s Easy Outline: French Schaum’s Easy Outline: German Schaum’s Easy Outline: Spanish Schaum’s Easy Outline: Writing and Grammar SCHAUM’S Easy OUTLINES PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS Based on Schaum’s...
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...INTRODUCTION TO MACROECONOMICS E202 $ ¥ Dr. David A. Dilts Department of Economics Doermer School of Business and Management Sciences Indiana-Purdue University-Fort Wayne June 1, 1993 Revisions: May 1994, December 1995, July 1996, November, 2000, May 2003, May 2006 PREFACE This Course Guide was developed in part because of the high cost of college textbooks, and in part, to help organize students’ studying by providing lecture notes together with the reading assignments. This Guide is provided to the student online at the Department of Economics website. Jayla Heller, the Department’s secretary has been kind enough to go through all of the frustration and hard work to put the guide in the appropriate format and put it online. To her goes my gratitude. The department, neither school, nor the professor make anything whatsoever from this Guide. In fact, the department’s budget and the professor’s own resources are used in the writing of the Guide, and the numerous draft copies that are produced in the revisions of this document. Like the sign in the Mom and Pop bait shop on Big Barbee Lake says, “This is a non-profit organization, wasn’t planned to be – it just worked out that way.” Well, actually it was planned to be a non-profit enterprise in this case. The professor also wishes to acknowledge the fact that several students have proposed changes, improvements, caught errors, and helped to make this document more useful as a learning tool. Naturally, any errors of omission...
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...Economics Definitions Technical Efficiency / Engineering Efficiency: Goods are produced using the minimum possible resources. Economic Efficiency: A condition where the ratio MU/MC is equal for all goods and services. Traditional Economy: Resource allocation determined by social custom and habits established over time. Command Economy: Resource allocation determined by central planning. Market Economy: Resource allocation determined by a competitive market. Opportunity Cost: The best alternative foregone in order to produce a good or service. Public Good: A good or service that, once purchased by anyone, can of necessity be enjoyed by many. Externality: A cost of goods or services that is borne by someone other than the recipient of those goods or services. Lorenz Curve: Graphs the percentage of households against the percentage of income received. Ceteris Paribus (cet. par.): When analyzing one variable, the convention that all other variables are held constant. Inferior Good: An inferior good is one for which the quantity purchased decreases when real income increases. Giffen Good: A good for which there is a range of prices for which quantity and price vary directly, not inversely. Dependent Variable: A variable whose value is determined by the model. Independent Variable: A variable whose value is fixed external to the model. Complementary Good: A good whose demand curve shifts along with that of another good. Substitute Good: A good whose demand curve...
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...Economics Definitions Technical Efficiency / Engineering Efficiency: Goods are produced using the minimum possible resources. Economic Efficiency: A condition where the ratio MU/MC is equal for all goods and services. Traditional Economy: Resource allocation determined by social custom and habits established over time. Command Economy: Resource allocation determined by central planning. Market Economy: Resource allocation determined by a competitive market. Opportunity Cost: The best alternative foregone in order to produce a good or service. Public Good: A good or service that, once purchased by anyone, can of necessity be enjoyed by many. Externality: A cost of goods or services that is borne by someone other than the recipient of those goods or services. Lorenz Curve: Graphs the percentage of households against the percentage of income received. Ceteris Paribus (cet. par.): When analyzing one variable, the convention that all other variables are held constant. Inferior Good: An inferior good is one for which the quantity purchased decreases when real income increases. Giffen Good: A good for which there is a range of prices for which quantity and price vary directly, not inversely. Dependent Variable: A variable whose value is determined by the model. Independent Variable: A variable whose value is fixed external to the model. Complementary Good: A good whose demand curve shifts along with that of another good. Substitute Good: A good whose demand curve...
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...1. Introduction Introduction: A Bank is a financial institution and a financial intermediaries that accepts deposit and channels those deposits into lending activities, either directly by loaning or indirectly through capital markets. A bank is the connection between customers that have capital deficits and customers with capital surpluses. Due to their influence within a financial system and an economy, banks are generally highly regulated in most countries. Most banks operate under a system known as fractional reserve banking where they hold only a small reserve of the funds deposited and lend out the rest for profit. They are generally subject to minimum capital requirements which are based on an international set of capital standards, known as the Basel Accord. Banking Banking in the modern sense of the word can be traced to medieval and early Renaissance Italy, to the rich cities in the north like Florence Lucca, Siena, Venice and Genoa. The Bardi and Peruzzi families dominated banking in 14th century Florence, establishing branches in many other parts of Europe. One of the most famous Italian banks was the Medici Bank, set up by Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici in 1397. The earliest known state deposit bank, Banco di San Giorgio (Bank of St. George), was founded in 1407 at Genoa, Italy. Origin of the word “bank” The word bank was borrowed in Middle English from Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, from Old High German banc, bank "bench, counter". Benches...
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...Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 9 ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT BANK ISLAMIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE ISLAMIC BANKING: ANSWERS TO SOME FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Mabid Ali Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal Occasional Paper No.4 1422H 2001 Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 10 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 11Mabid Al-Jarhi and Munawar Iqbal 12 Islamic Banking: Answers to Some Frequently Asked Questions 13 FOREWORD In the last quarter of a century, there has been a great interest in the Islamic banking system both at private and public levels. There is an earnest and widespread desire to understand the system. Academicians, bankers and general public, all, have some genuine questions and concerns. Policy makers in the monetary and financial sectors of the IDB member countries have also often asked the Islamic Research and Training Institute (IRTI) some basic questions of theoretical and practical importance about the elimination of interest from the national economies of Muslim countries and the transformation of the prevailing conventional system to an Islamic one. Some of these questions reflect a desire to understand the basic concepts of Islamic finance while others relate to the creation of an enabling environment through macroeconomic reform and structural adjustments that are needed to establish the Islamic financial system and the complications that arise when an effort is made to bring about the transformation...
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...FINANCIAL TERMS MADE EASY BY ADEEL AND MOHSIN A Accrual -Estimates of costs incurred but not yet invoiced. They are charged to the Profit and Loss Account and will also appear as liabilities in the Balance Sheet. Examples: A business records its utility bills as soon as it receives them and not when they are paid, because the service has already been used. The company ignored the date when the payment will be made. An airline sells its tickets days or even weeks before the flight is made, but it does not record the payments as revenue because the flight, the event on which the revenue is based has not occurred yet. Acquisition - When one company purchases a majority interest in the acquired. Ad valorem -A tax based on the assessed value of real estate or asset. Ad valorem taxes can be property tax or even duty on imported items. Property ad valorem taxes are the major source of revenue for state and municipal governments. Explanation: The phrase ad valorem is Latin for "according to value". In the case of municipal property taxes, property owners have their property assessed on a periodic basis by a public tax assessor. Aging schedule - Table that classifies accounts payable or accounts receivable according to their dates. It helps in analyzing which payments are behind their due date, and by how many days. American depository receipt-A negotiable certificate issued by a U.S. bank representing a specified number of shares (or one share) in a foreign stock that is traded...
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...years. Events like the global economic recession lead to a deep restructuring of the firm, filling for bankruptcy and a government bailout. The report provides an analysis of GM’s business model, products, the markets it is competing in, the global automotive and manufacturing industry and it also assess its attractiveness for incumbents and new entrants is also With a brief history of GM we evaluate its reaction to the global recession. We compare their business model before, during and after the recession, comprising the strategic and financial implications of their restructuring plan. We provide results from this restructuring, including improvements in GM’s financial ratios like ROA (from 0.05 in 2010 to 0.07 in 2011) and ROE (from 0.23 in 2010 to 0.25 in 2011). While the recession significantly affected GM, it also affected the rest of the automobile industry, including their American competitor Ford Motors. We compare the main differences between these two important companies and analyze the way they reacted to the recession. We also observe the approach that Ford has taken to recovery, in terms of governance, recession reactions and financial branches. The report ends with a conclusion summarizing the key differences between General Motors and Ford Motors, and how these differences influenced their financial performance. We can conclude that the way these two companies compete in the same industry is very different and includes distinctive business models and results. The management...
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...Economics Revision Chapter 1:Nature of work and leisure and trends in employment and earnings Earnings | Wages plus overtime pay, bonuses and commission | Economically inactive | Working age people who are neither in employment, nor unemployed, and so are not part of the labour force | Labour force participation rate | The proportion of working age people who are economically active | G8 | The group of major economies consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK and USA | Employment rate | The proportion of working age people who are in work | Part-time workers | People working less than 30 hours a week | Temporary work | Casual work, seasonal work, working for employment agencies, fixed – period contract work | Homeworking | Working either at home or in different places away from the central office, production or distribution facilities, using the home as a base | Teleworking | Working using a telephone and a computer at home, in an internet café or a train or plane | Occupational segregation | The dominance of an occupation by one gender | Primary sector | The first stage of production, agriculture | Secondary sector | The second stage of production, processing raw materials | Tertiary sector | The third stage of production, providing services | Tax wedge | The gap between what employers pay for labour & what workers receive in disposable income | Outsourcing | Subcontracting part of the production...
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...Palmisano Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer IBM Corporation Letter from the Chairman 3 A note to fellow CEOs In the first chapter of this report on dealing with complexity, the CEO of an industrial products company calls the economic environment of 2009 “a wake-up call.” I agree. I’d only add that it was just the latest in a series of alerts that sounded during the first decade of this new century. In a very short time, we’ve become aware of global climate change; of the geopolitical issues surrounding energy and water supplies; of the vulnerabilities of supply chains for food, medicine and even talent; and of sobering threats to global security. The common denominator? The realities — and challenges — of global integration. We occupy a world that is connected on multiple dimensions, and at a deep level — a global system of systems. That means, among other things, that it is subject to systems-level failures, which require systems-level thinking about the effectiveness of its physical and digital infrastructures. It is this unprecedented level of interconnection and interdependency that underpins the most important findings contained in this report. Inside this revealing view into the agendas of global business and public sector leaders, three widely shared perspectives stand in relief. 1) The world’s private and public sector leaders believe that a rapid escalation of “complexity” is the biggest challenge confronting them. They expect it to continue — indeed...
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